ssl/handshake_client.cc

/* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This package is an SSL implementation written
 * by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com).
 * The implementation was written so as to conform with Netscapes SSL.
 * 
 * This library is free for commercial and non-commercial use as long as
 * the following conditions are aheared to.  The following conditions
 * apply to all code found in this distribution, be it the RC4, RSA,
 * lhash, DES, etc., code; not just the SSL code.  The SSL documentation
 * included with this distribution is covered by the same copyright terms
 * except that the holder is Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 * 
 * Copyright remains Eric Young's, and as such any Copyright notices in
 * the code are not to be removed.
 * If this package is used in a product, Eric Young should be given attribution
 * as the author of the parts of the library used.
 * This can be in the form of a textual message at program startup or
 * in documentation (online or textual) provided with the package.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes cryptographic software written by
 *     Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com)"
 *    The word 'cryptographic' can be left out if the rouines from the library
 *    being used are not cryptographic related :-).
 * 4. If you include any Windows specific code (or a derivative thereof) from 
 *    the apps directory (application code) you must include an acknowledgement:
 *    "This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com)"
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ERIC YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 * 
 * The licence and distribution terms for any publically available version or
 * derivative of this code cannot be changed.  i.e. this code cannot simply be
 * copied and put under another distribution licence
 * [including the GNU Public Licence.]
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright (c) 1998-2007 The OpenSSL Project.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this
 *    software must display the following acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * 4. The names "OpenSSL Toolkit" and "OpenSSL Project" must not be used to
 *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 *    prior written permission. For written permission, please contact
 *    openssl-core@openssl.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "OpenSSL"
 *    nor may "OpenSSL" appear in their names without prior written
 *    permission of the OpenSSL Project.
 *
 * 6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following
 *    acknowledgment:
 *    "This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
 *    for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/)"
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT ``AS IS'' AND ANY
 * EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR
 * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
 * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
 * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
 * STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED
 * OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young
 * (eay@cryptsoft.com).  This product includes software written by Tim
 * Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).
 *
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright 2002 Sun Microsystems, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
 *
 * Portions of the attached software ("Contribution") are developed by 
 * SUN MICROSYSTEMS, INC., and are contributed to the OpenSSL project.
 *
 * The Contribution is licensed pursuant to the OpenSSL open source
 * license provided above.
 *
 * ECC cipher suite support in OpenSSL originally written by
 * Vipul Gupta and Sumit Gupta of Sun Microsystems Laboratories.
 *
 */
/* ====================================================================
 * Copyright 2005 Nokia. All rights reserved.
 *
 * The portions of the attached software ("Contribution") is developed by
 * Nokia Corporation and is licensed pursuant to the OpenSSL open source
 * license.
 *
 * The Contribution, originally written by Mika Kousa and Pasi Eronen of
 * Nokia Corporation, consists of the "PSK" (Pre-Shared Key) ciphersuites
 * support (see RFC 4279) to OpenSSL.
 *
 * No patent licenses or other rights except those expressly stated in
 * the OpenSSL open source license shall be deemed granted or received
 * expressly, by implication, estoppel, or otherwise.
 *
 * No assurances are provided by Nokia that the Contribution does not
 * infringe the patent or other intellectual property rights of any third
 * party or that the license provides you with all the necessary rights
 * to make use of the Contribution.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. IN
 * ADDITION TO THE DISCLAIMERS INCLUDED IN THE LICENSE, NOKIA
 * SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY FOR CLAIMS BROUGHT BY YOU OR ANY
 * OTHER ENTITY BASED ON INFRINGEMENT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR
 * OTHERWISE.
 */

#include <openssl/ssl.h>

#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>

#include <utility>

#include <openssl/aead.h>
#include <openssl/bn.h>
#include <openssl/buf.h>
#include <openssl/bytestring.h>
#include <openssl/ec_key.h>
#include <openssl/ecdsa.h>
#include <openssl/err.h>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/md5.h>
#include <openssl/mem.h>
#include <openssl/rand.h>

#include "../crypto/internal.h"
#include "internal.h"


namespace bssl {

static int ssl3_send_client_hello(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int dtls1_get_hello_verify_request(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_server_hello(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_server_certificate(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_cert_status(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_server_key_exchange(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_certificate_request(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_server_hello_done(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_send_client_certificate(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_send_client_key_exchange(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_send_cert_verify(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_send_next_proto(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_send_channel_id(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);
static int ssl3_get_new_session_ticket(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs);

int ssl3_connect(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  int ret = -1;

  assert(ssl->handshake_func == ssl3_connect);
  assert(!ssl->server);

  for (;;) {
    int state = hs->state;

    switch (hs->state) {
      case SSL_ST_INIT:
        ssl_do_info_callback(ssl, SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_START, 1);
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CLNT_HELLO_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_CLNT_HELLO_A:
        ret = ssl3_send_client_hello(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }

        if (!SSL_is_dtls(ssl) || ssl->d1->send_cookie) {
          if (hs->early_data_offered) {
            if (!tls13_init_early_key_schedule(hs) ||
                !tls13_advance_key_schedule(hs, ssl->session->master_key,
                                            ssl->session->master_key_length) ||
                !tls13_derive_early_secrets(hs) ||
                !tls13_set_traffic_key(ssl, evp_aead_seal,
                                       hs->early_traffic_secret,
                                       hs->hash_len)) {
              ret = -1;
              goto end;
            }
            hs->next_state = SSL3_ST_WRITE_EARLY_DATA;
          } else {
            hs->next_state = SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_HELLO_A;
          }
        } else {
          hs->next_state = DTLS1_ST_CR_HELLO_VERIFY_REQUEST_A;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_FLUSH;
        break;

      case DTLS1_ST_CR_HELLO_VERIFY_REQUEST_A:
        assert(SSL_is_dtls(ssl));
        ret = dtls1_get_hello_verify_request(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        if (ssl->d1->send_cookie) {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CLNT_HELLO_A;
        } else {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_HELLO_A;
        }
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_WRITE_EARLY_DATA:
        /* Stash the early data session, so connection properties may be queried
         * out of it. */
        hs->in_early_data = 1;
        SSL_SESSION_up_ref(ssl->session);
        hs->early_session.reset(ssl->session);

        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_HELLO_A;
        hs->can_early_write = 1;
        ret = 1;
        goto end;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_HELLO_A:
        ret = ssl3_get_server_hello(hs);
        if (hs->state == SSL_ST_TLS13) {
          break;
        }
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }

        if (ssl->session != NULL) {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_SESSION_TICKET_A;
        } else {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_A;
        }
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_A:
        if (ssl_cipher_uses_certificate_auth(hs->new_cipher)) {
          ret = ssl3_get_server_certificate(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_STATUS_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_STATUS_A:
        if (hs->certificate_status_expected) {
          ret = ssl3_get_cert_status(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT:
        if (ssl_cipher_uses_certificate_auth(hs->new_cipher)) {
          switch (ssl_verify_peer_cert(hs)) {
            case ssl_verify_ok:
              break;
            case ssl_verify_invalid:
              ret = -1;
              goto end;
            case ssl_verify_retry:
              ssl->rwstate = SSL_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY;
              ret = -1;
              goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_KEY_EXCH_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_KEY_EXCH_A:
        ret = ssl3_get_server_key_exchange(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_REQ_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_CERT_REQ_A:
        if (ssl_cipher_uses_certificate_auth(hs->new_cipher)) {
          ret = ssl3_get_certificate_request(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_DONE_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_SRVR_DONE_A:
        ret = ssl3_get_server_hello_done(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CERT_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_CERT_A:
        if (hs->cert_request) {
          ret = ssl3_send_client_certificate(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_KEY_EXCH_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_KEY_EXCH_A:
        ret = ssl3_send_client_key_exchange(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CERT_VRFY_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_CERT_VRFY_A:
        if (hs->cert_request && ssl_has_certificate(ssl)) {
          ret = ssl3_send_cert_verify(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CHANGE;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_CHANGE:
        if (!ssl->method->add_change_cipher_spec(ssl) ||
            !tls1_change_cipher_state(hs, SSL3_CHANGE_CIPHER_CLIENT_WRITE)) {
          ret = -1;
          goto end;
        }

        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_NEXT_PROTO_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_NEXT_PROTO_A:
        if (hs->next_proto_neg_seen) {
          ret = ssl3_send_next_proto(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CHANNEL_ID_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_CHANNEL_ID_A:
        if (ssl->s3->tlsext_channel_id_valid) {
          ret = ssl3_send_channel_id(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_FINISHED_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_FINISHED_A:
        ret = ssl3_send_finished(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_FLUSH;

        if (ssl->session != NULL) {
          hs->next_state = SSL3_ST_FINISH_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE;
        } else {
          /* This is a non-resumption handshake. If it involves ChannelID, then
           * record the handshake hashes at this point in the session so that
           * any resumption of this session with ChannelID can sign those
           * hashes. */
          ret = tls1_record_handshake_hashes_for_channel_id(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
          if ((SSL_get_mode(ssl) & SSL_MODE_ENABLE_FALSE_START) &&
              ssl3_can_false_start(ssl) &&
              /* No False Start on renegotiation (would complicate the state
               * machine). */
              !ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete) {
            hs->next_state = SSL3_ST_FALSE_START;
          } else {
            hs->next_state = SSL3_ST_CR_SESSION_TICKET_A;
          }
        }
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_FALSE_START:
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_SESSION_TICKET_A;
        hs->in_false_start = 1;
        hs->can_early_write = 1;
        ret = 1;
        goto end;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_SESSION_TICKET_A:
        if (hs->ticket_expected) {
          ret = ssl3_get_new_session_ticket(hs);
          if (ret <= 0) {
            goto end;
          }
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_CHANGE;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_CHANGE:
        ret = ssl->method->read_change_cipher_spec(ssl);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }

        if (!tls1_change_cipher_state(hs, SSL3_CHANGE_CIPHER_CLIENT_READ)) {
          ret = -1;
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = SSL3_ST_CR_FINISHED_A;
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CR_FINISHED_A:
        ret = ssl3_get_finished(hs);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }

        if (ssl->session != NULL) {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_CW_CHANGE;
        } else {
          hs->state = SSL3_ST_FINISH_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE;
        }
        break;

      case SSL3_ST_CW_FLUSH:
        ret = ssl->method->flush_flight(ssl);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }
        hs->state = hs->next_state;
        break;

      case SSL_ST_TLS13: {
        int early_return = 0;
        ret = tls13_handshake(hs, &early_return);
        if (ret <= 0) {
          goto end;
        }

        if (early_return) {
          ret = 1;
          goto end;
        }

        hs->state = SSL3_ST_FINISH_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE;
        break;
      }

      case SSL3_ST_FINISH_CLIENT_HANDSHAKE:
        ssl->method->on_handshake_complete(ssl);

        SSL_SESSION_free(ssl->s3->established_session);
        if (ssl->session != NULL) {
          SSL_SESSION_up_ref(ssl->session);
          ssl->s3->established_session = ssl->session;
        } else {
          /* We make a copy of the session in order to maintain the immutability
           * of the new established_session due to False Start. The caller may
           * have taken a reference to the temporary session. */
          ssl->s3->established_session =
              SSL_SESSION_dup(hs->new_session.get(), SSL_SESSION_DUP_ALL)
                  .release();
          if (ssl->s3->established_session == NULL) {
            ret = -1;
            goto end;
          }
          ssl->s3->established_session->not_resumable = 0;

          hs->new_session.reset();
        }

        hs->state = SSL_ST_OK;
        break;

      case SSL_ST_OK: {
        const int is_initial_handshake = !ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete;
        ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete = 1;
        if (is_initial_handshake) {
          /* Renegotiations do not participate in session resumption. */
          ssl_update_cache(hs, SSL_SESS_CACHE_CLIENT);
        }

        ret = 1;
        ssl_do_info_callback(ssl, SSL_CB_HANDSHAKE_DONE, 1);
        goto end;
      }

      default:
        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNKNOWN_STATE);
        ret = -1;
        goto end;
    }

    if (hs->state != state) {
      ssl_do_info_callback(ssl, SSL_CB_CONNECT_LOOP, 1);
    }
  }

end:
  ssl_do_info_callback(ssl, SSL_CB_CONNECT_EXIT, ret);
  return ret;
}

/* ssl_get_client_disabled sets |*out_mask_a| and |*out_mask_k| to masks of
 * disabled algorithms. */
static void ssl_get_client_disabled(SSL *ssl, uint32_t *out_mask_a,
                                    uint32_t *out_mask_k) {
  *out_mask_a = 0;
  *out_mask_k = 0;

  /* PSK requires a client callback. */
  if (ssl->psk_client_callback == NULL) {
    *out_mask_a |= SSL_aPSK;
    *out_mask_k |= SSL_kPSK;
  }
}

static int ssl_write_client_cipher_list(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs, CBB *out) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  uint32_t mask_a, mask_k;
  ssl_get_client_disabled(ssl, &mask_a, &mask_k);

  CBB child;
  if (!CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(out, &child)) {
    return 0;
  }

  /* Add a fake cipher suite. See draft-davidben-tls-grease-01. */
  if (ssl->ctx->grease_enabled &&
      !CBB_add_u16(&child, ssl_get_grease_value(ssl, ssl_grease_cipher))) {
    return 0;
  }

  /* Add TLS 1.3 ciphers. Order ChaCha20-Poly1305 relative to AES-GCM based on
   * hardware support. */
  if (hs->max_version >= TLS1_3_VERSION) {
    if (!EVP_has_aes_hardware() &&
        !CBB_add_u16(&child, TLS1_CK_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 & 0xffff)) {
      return 0;
    }
    if (!CBB_add_u16(&child, TLS1_CK_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 & 0xffff) ||
        !CBB_add_u16(&child, TLS1_CK_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 & 0xffff)) {
      return 0;
    }
    if (EVP_has_aes_hardware() &&
        !CBB_add_u16(&child, TLS1_CK_CHACHA20_POLY1305_SHA256 & 0xffff)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  if (hs->min_version < TLS1_3_VERSION) {
    int any_enabled = 0;
    for (const SSL_CIPHER *cipher : SSL_get_ciphers(ssl)) {
      /* Skip disabled ciphers */
      if ((cipher->algorithm_mkey & mask_k) ||
          (cipher->algorithm_auth & mask_a)) {
        continue;
      }
      if (SSL_CIPHER_get_min_version(cipher) > hs->max_version ||
          SSL_CIPHER_get_max_version(cipher) < hs->min_version) {
        continue;
      }
      any_enabled = 1;
      if (!CBB_add_u16(&child, ssl_cipher_get_value(cipher))) {
        return 0;
      }
    }

    /* If all ciphers were disabled, return the error to the caller. */
    if (!any_enabled && hs->max_version < TLS1_3_VERSION) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_NO_CIPHERS_AVAILABLE);
      return 0;
    }
  }

  /* For SSLv3, the SCSV is added. Otherwise the renegotiation extension is
   * added. */
  if (hs->max_version == SSL3_VERSION &&
      !ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete) {
    if (!CBB_add_u16(&child, SSL3_CK_SCSV & 0xffff)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  if (ssl->mode & SSL_MODE_SEND_FALLBACK_SCSV) {
    if (!CBB_add_u16(&child, SSL3_CK_FALLBACK_SCSV & 0xffff)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  return CBB_flush(out);
}

int ssl_write_client_hello(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  CBB body;
  if (!ssl->method->init_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &body, SSL3_MT_CLIENT_HELLO)) {
    return 0;
  }

  /* Renegotiations do not participate in session resumption. */
  int has_session_id = ssl->session != NULL &&
                       !ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete &&
                       ssl->session->session_id_length > 0;

  CBB child;
  if (!CBB_add_u16(&body, hs->client_version) ||
      !CBB_add_bytes(&body, ssl->s3->client_random, SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE) ||
      !CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &child)) {
    return 0;
  }

  if (has_session_id) {
    if (!CBB_add_bytes(&child, ssl->session->session_id,
                       ssl->session->session_id_length)) {
      return 0;
    }
  } else {
    /* In TLS 1.3 experimental encodings, send a fake placeholder session ID
     * when we do not otherwise have one to send. */
    if (hs->max_version >= TLS1_3_VERSION &&
        ssl->tls13_variant == tls13_experiment &&
        !CBB_add_bytes(&child, hs->session_id, hs->session_id_len)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  if (SSL_is_dtls(ssl)) {
    if (!CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &child) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(&child, ssl->d1->cookie, ssl->d1->cookie_len)) {
      return 0;
    }
  }

  size_t header_len =
      SSL_is_dtls(ssl) ? DTLS1_HM_HEADER_LENGTH : SSL3_HM_HEADER_LENGTH;
  if (!ssl_write_client_cipher_list(hs, &body) ||
      !CBB_add_u8(&body, 1 /* one compression method */) ||
      !CBB_add_u8(&body, 0 /* null compression */) ||
      !ssl_add_clienthello_tlsext(hs, &body, header_len + CBB_len(&body))) {
    return 0;
  }

  uint8_t *msg = NULL;
  size_t len;
  if (!ssl->method->finish_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &msg, &len)) {
    return 0;
  }

  /* Now that the length prefixes have been computed, fill in the placeholder
   * PSK binder. */
  if (hs->needs_psk_binder &&
      !tls13_write_psk_binder(hs, msg, len)) {
    OPENSSL_free(msg);
    return 0;
  }

  return ssl->method->add_message(ssl, msg, len);
}

static int ssl3_send_client_hello(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  /* The handshake buffer is reset on every ClientHello. Notably, in DTLS, we
   * may send multiple ClientHellos if we receive HelloVerifyRequest. */
  if (!hs->transcript.Init()) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  /* Freeze the version range. */
  if (!ssl_get_version_range(ssl, &hs->min_version, &hs->max_version)) {
    return -1;
  }

  /* Always advertise the ClientHello version from the original maximum version,
   * even on renegotiation. The static RSA key exchange uses this field, and
   * some servers fail when it changes across handshakes. */
  if (SSL_is_dtls(hs->ssl)) {
    hs->client_version =
        hs->max_version >= TLS1_2_VERSION ? DTLS1_2_VERSION : DTLS1_VERSION;
  } else {
    hs->client_version =
        hs->max_version >= TLS1_2_VERSION ? TLS1_2_VERSION : hs->max_version;
  }

  /* If the configured session has expired or was created at a disabled
   * version, drop it. */
  if (ssl->session != NULL) {
    if (ssl->session->is_server ||
        !ssl_supports_version(hs, ssl->session->ssl_version) ||
        (ssl->session->session_id_length == 0 &&
         ssl->session->tlsext_ticklen == 0) ||
        ssl->session->not_resumable ||
        !ssl_session_is_time_valid(ssl, ssl->session)) {
      ssl_set_session(ssl, NULL);
    }
  }

  /* If resending the ClientHello in DTLS after a HelloVerifyRequest, don't
   * renegerate the client_random. The random must be reused. */
  if ((!SSL_is_dtls(ssl) || !ssl->d1->send_cookie) &&
      !RAND_bytes(ssl->s3->client_random, sizeof(ssl->s3->client_random))) {
    return -1;
  }

  /* Initialize a random session ID for the experimental TLS 1.3 variant
   * requiring a session id. */
  if (ssl->tls13_variant == tls13_experiment) {
    hs->session_id_len = sizeof(hs->session_id);
    if (!RAND_bytes(hs->session_id, hs->session_id_len)) {
      return -1;
    }
  }

  if (!ssl_write_client_hello(hs)) {
    return -1;
  }

  return 1;
}

static int dtls1_get_hello_verify_request(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (msg.type != DTLS1_MT_HELLO_VERIFY_REQUEST) {
    ssl->d1->send_cookie = false;
    return 1;
  }

  CBS hello_verify_request = msg.body, cookie;
  uint16_t server_version;
  if (!CBS_get_u16(&hello_verify_request, &server_version) ||
      !CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed(&hello_verify_request, &cookie) ||
      CBS_len(&cookie) > sizeof(ssl->d1->cookie) ||
      CBS_len(&hello_verify_request) != 0) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  OPENSSL_memcpy(ssl->d1->cookie, CBS_data(&cookie), CBS_len(&cookie));
  ssl->d1->cookie_len = CBS_len(&cookie);

  ssl->d1->send_cookie = true;
  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int parse_server_version(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs, uint16_t *out,
                                const SSLMessage &msg) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  if (msg.type != SSL3_MT_SERVER_HELLO &&
      msg.type != SSL3_MT_HELLO_RETRY_REQUEST) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
    return 0;
  }

  CBS server_hello = msg.body;
  if (!CBS_get_u16(&server_hello, out)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return 0;
  }

  /* The server version may also be in the supported_versions extension if
   * applicable. */
  if (msg.type != SSL3_MT_SERVER_HELLO || *out != TLS1_2_VERSION) {
    return 1;
  }

  uint8_t sid_length;
  if (!CBS_skip(&server_hello, SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE) ||
      !CBS_get_u8(&server_hello, &sid_length) ||
      !CBS_skip(&server_hello, sid_length + 2 /* cipher_suite */ +
                1 /* compression_method */)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return 0;
  }

  /* The extensions block may not be present. */
  if (CBS_len(&server_hello) == 0) {
    return 1;
  }

  CBS extensions;
  if (!CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(&server_hello, &extensions) ||
      CBS_len(&server_hello) != 0) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return 0;
  }

  int have_supported_versions;
  CBS supported_versions;
  const SSL_EXTENSION_TYPE ext_types[] = {
    {TLSEXT_TYPE_supported_versions, &have_supported_versions,
     &supported_versions},
  };

  uint8_t alert = SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR;
  if (!ssl_parse_extensions(&extensions, &alert, ext_types,
                            OPENSSL_ARRAY_SIZE(ext_types),
                            1 /* ignore unknown */)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, alert);
    return 0;
  }

  if (have_supported_versions &&
      (!CBS_get_u16(&supported_versions, out) ||
       CBS_len(&supported_versions) != 0)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return 0;
  }

  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_server_hello(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    uint32_t err = ERR_peek_error();
    if (ERR_GET_LIB(err) == ERR_LIB_SSL &&
        ERR_GET_REASON(err) == SSL_R_SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE) {
      /* Add a dedicated error code to the queue for a handshake_failure alert
       * in response to ClientHello. This matches NSS's client behavior and
       * gives a better error on a (probable) failure to negotiate initial
       * parameters. Note: this error code comes after the original one.
       *
       * See https://crbug.com/446505. */
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE_ON_CLIENT_HELLO);
    }
    return ret;
  }

  uint16_t server_version;
  if (!parse_server_version(hs, &server_version, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  if (!ssl_supports_version(hs, server_version)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    return -1;
  }

  assert(ssl->s3->have_version == ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete);
  if (!ssl->s3->have_version) {
    ssl->version = server_version;
    /* At this point, the connection's version is known and ssl->version is
     * fixed. Begin enforcing the record-layer version. */
    ssl->s3->have_version = 1;
  } else if (server_version != ssl->version) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_WRONG_SSL_VERSION);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) >= TLS1_3_VERSION) {
    hs->state = SSL_ST_TLS13;
    hs->do_tls13_handshake = tls13_client_handshake;
    return 1;
  }

  if (hs->early_data_offered) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_WRONG_VERSION_ON_EARLY_DATA);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_PROTOCOL_VERSION);
    return -1;
  }

  ssl_clear_tls13_state(hs);

  if (!ssl_check_message_type(ssl, msg, SSL3_MT_SERVER_HELLO)) {
    return -1;
  }

  CBS server_hello = msg.body, server_random, session_id;
  uint16_t cipher_suite;
  uint8_t compression_method;
  if (!CBS_skip(&server_hello, 2 /* version */) ||
      !CBS_get_bytes(&server_hello, &server_random, SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE) ||
      !CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed(&server_hello, &session_id) ||
      CBS_len(&session_id) > SSL3_SESSION_ID_SIZE ||
      !CBS_get_u16(&server_hello, &cipher_suite) ||
      !CBS_get_u8(&server_hello, &compression_method)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  /* Copy over the server random. */
  OPENSSL_memcpy(ssl->s3->server_random, CBS_data(&server_random),
                 SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE);

  /* TODO(davidben): Implement the TLS 1.1 and 1.2 downgrade sentinels once TLS
   * 1.3 is finalized and we are not implementing a draft version. */

  if (!ssl->s3->initial_handshake_complete && ssl->session != NULL &&
      ssl->session->session_id_length != 0 &&
      CBS_mem_equal(&session_id, ssl->session->session_id,
                    ssl->session->session_id_length)) {
    ssl->s3->session_reused = 1;
  } else {
    /* The session wasn't resumed. Create a fresh SSL_SESSION to
     * fill out. */
    ssl_set_session(ssl, NULL);
    if (!ssl_get_new_session(hs, 0 /* client */)) {
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
    /* Note: session_id could be empty. */
    hs->new_session->session_id_length = CBS_len(&session_id);
    OPENSSL_memcpy(hs->new_session->session_id, CBS_data(&session_id),
                   CBS_len(&session_id));
  }

  const SSL_CIPHER *cipher = SSL_get_cipher_by_value(cipher_suite);
  if (cipher == NULL) {
    /* unknown cipher */
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNKNOWN_CIPHER_RETURNED);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
    return -1;
  }

  /* The cipher must be allowed in the selected version and enabled. */
  uint32_t mask_a, mask_k;
  ssl_get_client_disabled(ssl, &mask_a, &mask_k);
  if ((cipher->algorithm_mkey & mask_k) || (cipher->algorithm_auth & mask_a) ||
      SSL_CIPHER_get_min_version(cipher) > ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) ||
      SSL_CIPHER_get_max_version(cipher) < ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) ||
      !sk_SSL_CIPHER_find(SSL_get_ciphers(ssl), NULL, cipher)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_WRONG_CIPHER_RETURNED);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl->session != NULL) {
    if (ssl->session->ssl_version != ssl->version) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_OLD_SESSION_VERSION_NOT_RETURNED);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
      return -1;
    }
    if (ssl->session->cipher != cipher) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_OLD_SESSION_CIPHER_NOT_RETURNED);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
      return -1;
    }
    if (!ssl_session_is_context_valid(ssl, ssl->session)) {
      /* This is actually a client application bug. */
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL,
                        SSL_R_ATTEMPT_TO_REUSE_SESSION_IN_DIFFERENT_CONTEXT);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
      return -1;
    }
  } else {
    hs->new_session->cipher = cipher;
  }
  hs->new_cipher = cipher;

  /* Now that the cipher is known, initialize the handshake hash and hash the
   * ServerHello. */
  if (!hs->transcript.InitHash(ssl3_protocol_version(ssl), hs->new_cipher) ||
      !ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  /* If doing a full handshake, the server may request a client certificate
   * which requires hashing the handshake transcript. Otherwise, the handshake
   * buffer may be released. */
  if (ssl->session != NULL ||
      !ssl_cipher_uses_certificate_auth(hs->new_cipher)) {
    hs->transcript.FreeBuffer();
  }

  /* Only the NULL compression algorithm is supported. */
  if (compression_method != 0) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNSUPPORTED_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHM);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
    return -1;
  }

  /* TLS extensions */
  if (!ssl_parse_serverhello_tlsext(hs, &server_hello)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_PARSE_TLSEXT);
    return -1;
  }

  /* There should be nothing left over in the record. */
  if (CBS_len(&server_hello) != 0) {
    /* wrong packet length */
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl->session != NULL &&
      hs->extended_master_secret != ssl->session->extended_master_secret) {
    if (ssl->session->extended_master_secret) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_RESUMED_EMS_SESSION_WITHOUT_EMS_EXTENSION);
    } else {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_RESUMED_NON_EMS_SESSION_WITH_EMS_EXTENSION);
    }
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE);
    return -1;
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_server_certificate(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (!ssl_check_message_type(ssl, msg, SSL3_MT_CERTIFICATE) ||
      !ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  CBS body = msg.body;
  uint8_t alert = SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR;
  UniquePtr<STACK_OF(CRYPTO_BUFFER)> chain;
  if (!ssl_parse_cert_chain(&alert, &chain, &hs->peer_pubkey, NULL, &body,
                            ssl->ctx->pool)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, alert);
    return -1;
  }
  sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_pop_free(hs->new_session->certs, CRYPTO_BUFFER_free);
  hs->new_session->certs = chain.release();

  if (sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_num(hs->new_session->certs) == 0 ||
      CBS_len(&body) != 0 ||
      !ssl->ctx->x509_method->session_cache_objects(hs->new_session.get())) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  if (!ssl_check_leaf_certificate(
          hs, hs->peer_pubkey.get(),
          sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_value(hs->new_session->certs, 0))) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
    return -1;
  }

  /* Disallow the server certificate from changing during a renegotiation. See
   * https://mitls.org/pages/attacks/3SHAKE. We never resume on renegotiation,
   * so this check is sufficient. */
  if (ssl->s3->established_session != NULL) {
    if (sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_num(ssl->s3->established_session->certs) !=
        sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_num(hs->new_session->certs)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_SERVER_CERT_CHANGED);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
      return -1;
    }

    for (size_t i = 0; i < sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_num(hs->new_session->certs); i++) {
      const CRYPTO_BUFFER *old_cert =
          sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_value(ssl->s3->established_session->certs, i);
      const CRYPTO_BUFFER *new_cert =
          sk_CRYPTO_BUFFER_value(hs->new_session->certs, i);
      if (CRYPTO_BUFFER_len(old_cert) != CRYPTO_BUFFER_len(new_cert) ||
          OPENSSL_memcmp(CRYPTO_BUFFER_data(old_cert),
                         CRYPTO_BUFFER_data(new_cert),
                         CRYPTO_BUFFER_len(old_cert)) != 0) {
        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_SERVER_CERT_CHANGED);
        ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
        return -1;
      }
    }
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_cert_status(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (msg.type != SSL3_MT_CERTIFICATE_STATUS) {
    /* A server may send status_request in ServerHello and then change
     * its mind about sending CertificateStatus. */
    return 1;
  }

  if (!ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  CBS certificate_status = msg.body, ocsp_response;
  uint8_t status_type;
  if (!CBS_get_u8(&certificate_status, &status_type) ||
      status_type != TLSEXT_STATUSTYPE_ocsp ||
      !CBS_get_u24_length_prefixed(&certificate_status, &ocsp_response) ||
      CBS_len(&ocsp_response) == 0 ||
      CBS_len(&certificate_status) != 0) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  CRYPTO_BUFFER_free(hs->new_session->ocsp_response);
  hs->new_session->ocsp_response =
      CRYPTO_BUFFER_new_from_CBS(&ocsp_response, ssl->ctx->pool);
  if (hs->new_session->ocsp_response == nullptr) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_server_key_exchange(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (msg.type != SSL3_MT_SERVER_KEY_EXCHANGE) {
    /* Some ciphers (pure PSK) have an optional ServerKeyExchange message. */
    if (ssl_cipher_requires_server_key_exchange(hs->new_cipher)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
      return -1;
    }

    return 1;
  }

  if (!ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  uint32_t alg_k = hs->new_cipher->algorithm_mkey;
  uint32_t alg_a = hs->new_cipher->algorithm_auth;
  CBS server_key_exchange = msg.body;
  if (alg_a & SSL_aPSK) {
    CBS psk_identity_hint;

    /* Each of the PSK key exchanges begins with a psk_identity_hint. */
    if (!CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(&server_key_exchange,
                                     &psk_identity_hint)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }

    /* Store PSK identity hint for later use, hint is used in
     * ssl3_send_client_key_exchange.  Assume that the maximum length of a PSK
     * identity hint can be as long as the maximum length of a PSK identity.
     * Also do not allow NULL characters; identities are saved as C strings.
     *
     * TODO(davidben): Should invalid hints be ignored? It's a hint rather than
     * a specific identity. */
    if (CBS_len(&psk_identity_hint) > PSK_MAX_IDENTITY_LEN ||
        CBS_contains_zero_byte(&psk_identity_hint)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DATA_LENGTH_TOO_LONG);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE);
      return -1;
    }

    /* Save non-empty identity hints as a C string. Empty identity hints we
     * treat as missing. Plain PSK makes it possible to send either no hint
     * (omit ServerKeyExchange) or an empty hint, while ECDHE_PSK can only spell
     * empty hint. Having different capabilities is odd, so we interpret empty
     * and missing as identical. */
    char *raw = nullptr;
    if (CBS_len(&psk_identity_hint) != 0 &&
        !CBS_strdup(&psk_identity_hint, &raw)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
    hs->peer_psk_identity_hint.reset(raw);
  }

  if (alg_k & SSL_kECDHE) {
    /* Parse the server parameters. */
    uint8_t group_type;
    uint16_t group_id;
    CBS point;
    if (!CBS_get_u8(&server_key_exchange, &group_type) ||
        group_type != NAMED_CURVE_TYPE ||
        !CBS_get_u16(&server_key_exchange, &group_id) ||
        !CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed(&server_key_exchange, &point)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
    hs->new_session->group_id = group_id;

    /* Ensure the group is consistent with preferences. */
    if (!tls1_check_group_id(ssl, group_id)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_WRONG_CURVE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER);
      return -1;
    }

    /* Initialize ECDH and save the peer public key for later. */
    hs->key_share = SSLKeyShare::Create(group_id);
    if (!hs->key_share ||
        !CBS_stow(&point, &hs->peer_key, &hs->peer_key_len)) {
      return -1;
    }
  } else if (!(alg_k & SSL_kPSK)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE);
    return -1;
  }

  /* At this point, |server_key_exchange| contains the signature, if any, while
   * |msg.body| contains the entire message. From that, derive a CBS containing
   * just the parameter. */
  CBS parameter;
  CBS_init(&parameter, CBS_data(&msg.body),
           CBS_len(&msg.body) - CBS_len(&server_key_exchange));

  /* ServerKeyExchange should be signed by the server's public key. */
  if (ssl_cipher_uses_certificate_auth(hs->new_cipher)) {
    uint16_t signature_algorithm = 0;
    if (ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) >= TLS1_2_VERSION) {
      if (!CBS_get_u16(&server_key_exchange, &signature_algorithm)) {
        OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
        ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
        return -1;
      }
      uint8_t alert = SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR;
      if (!tls12_check_peer_sigalg(ssl, &alert, signature_algorithm)) {
        ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, alert);
        return -1;
      }
      hs->new_session->peer_signature_algorithm = signature_algorithm;
    } else if (!tls1_get_legacy_signature_algorithm(&signature_algorithm,
                                                    hs->peer_pubkey.get())) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_PEER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE_TYPE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE);
      return -1;
    }

    /* The last field in |server_key_exchange| is the signature. */
    CBS signature;
    if (!CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(&server_key_exchange, &signature) ||
        CBS_len(&server_key_exchange) != 0) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }

    ScopedCBB transcript;
    uint8_t *transcript_data;
    size_t transcript_len;
    if (!CBB_init(transcript.get(),
                  2 * SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE + CBS_len(&parameter)) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(transcript.get(), ssl->s3->client_random,
                       SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(transcript.get(), ssl->s3->server_random,
                       SSL3_RANDOM_SIZE) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(transcript.get(), CBS_data(&parameter),
                       CBS_len(&parameter)) ||
        !CBB_finish(transcript.get(), &transcript_data, &transcript_len)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }

    int sig_ok = ssl_public_key_verify(
        ssl, CBS_data(&signature), CBS_len(&signature), signature_algorithm,
        hs->peer_pubkey.get(), transcript_data, transcript_len);
    OPENSSL_free(transcript_data);

#if defined(BORINGSSL_UNSAFE_FUZZER_MODE)
    sig_ok = 1;
    ERR_clear_error();
#endif
    if (!sig_ok) {
      /* bad signature */
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_BAD_SIGNATURE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECRYPT_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
  } else {
    /* PSK ciphers are the only supported certificate-less ciphers. */
    assert(alg_a == SSL_aPSK);

    if (CBS_len(&server_key_exchange) > 0) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_EXTRA_DATA_IN_MESSAGE);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_certificate_request(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (msg.type == SSL3_MT_SERVER_HELLO_DONE) {
    /* If we get here we don't need the handshake buffer as we won't be doing
     * client auth. */
    hs->transcript.FreeBuffer();
    return 1;
  }

  if (!ssl_check_message_type(ssl, msg, SSL3_MT_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST) ||
      !ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  /* Get the certificate types. */
  CBS body = msg.body, certificate_types;
  if (!CBS_get_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &certificate_types)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  if (!CBS_stow(&certificate_types, &hs->certificate_types,
                &hs->num_certificate_types)) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) >= TLS1_2_VERSION) {
    CBS supported_signature_algorithms;
    if (!CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(&body, &supported_signature_algorithms) ||
        !tls1_parse_peer_sigalgs(hs, &supported_signature_algorithms)) {
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  uint8_t alert = SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR;
  UniquePtr<STACK_OF(CRYPTO_BUFFER)> ca_names =
      ssl_parse_client_CA_list(ssl, &alert, &body);
  if (!ca_names) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, alert);
    return -1;
  }

  if (CBS_len(&body) != 0) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  hs->cert_request = 1;
  hs->ca_names = std::move(ca_names);
  ssl->ctx->x509_method->hs_flush_cached_ca_names(hs);
  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_server_hello_done(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (!ssl_check_message_type(ssl, msg, SSL3_MT_SERVER_HELLO_DONE) ||
      !ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  /* ServerHelloDone is empty. */
  if (CBS_len(&msg.body) != 0) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_send_client_certificate(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  /* Call cert_cb to update the certificate. */
  if (ssl->cert->cert_cb) {
    int ret = ssl->cert->cert_cb(ssl, ssl->cert->cert_cb_arg);
    if (ret < 0) {
      ssl->rwstate = SSL_X509_LOOKUP;
      return -1;
    }
    if (ret == 0) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_CERT_CB_ERROR);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  if (!ssl_has_certificate(ssl)) {
    /* Without a client certificate, the handshake buffer may be released. */
    hs->transcript.FreeBuffer();

    /* In SSL 3.0, the Certificate message is replaced with a warning alert. */
    if (ssl->version == SSL3_VERSION) {
      if (!ssl->method->add_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_WARNING,
                                  SSL_AD_NO_CERTIFICATE)) {
        return -1;
      }
      return 1;
    }
  }

  if (!ssl_on_certificate_selected(hs) ||
      !ssl3_output_cert_chain(ssl)) {
    return -1;
  }
  return 1;
}

static_assert(sizeof(size_t) >= sizeof(unsigned),
              "size_t is smaller than unsigned");

static int ssl3_send_client_key_exchange(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  ScopedCBB cbb;
  CBB body;
  if (!ssl->method->init_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &body,
                                 SSL3_MT_CLIENT_KEY_EXCHANGE)) {
    return -1;
  }

  uint8_t *pms = NULL;
  size_t pms_len = 0;
  uint32_t alg_k = hs->new_cipher->algorithm_mkey;
  uint32_t alg_a = hs->new_cipher->algorithm_auth;

  /* If using a PSK key exchange, prepare the pre-shared key. */
  unsigned psk_len = 0;
  uint8_t psk[PSK_MAX_PSK_LEN];
  if (alg_a & SSL_aPSK) {
    if (ssl->psk_client_callback == NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_PSK_NO_CLIENT_CB);
      goto err;
    }

    char identity[PSK_MAX_IDENTITY_LEN + 1];
    OPENSSL_memset(identity, 0, sizeof(identity));
    psk_len =
        ssl->psk_client_callback(ssl, hs->peer_psk_identity_hint.get(),
                                 identity, sizeof(identity), psk, sizeof(psk));
    if (psk_len == 0) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_PSK_IDENTITY_NOT_FOUND);
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE);
      goto err;
    }
    assert(psk_len <= PSK_MAX_PSK_LEN);

    OPENSSL_free(hs->new_session->psk_identity);
    hs->new_session->psk_identity = BUF_strdup(identity);
    if (hs->new_session->psk_identity == NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
      goto err;
    }

    /* Write out psk_identity. */
    CBB child;
    if (!CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(&body, &child) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(&child, (const uint8_t *)identity,
                       OPENSSL_strnlen(identity, sizeof(identity))) ||
        !CBB_flush(&body)) {
      goto err;
    }
  }

  /* Depending on the key exchange method, compute |pms| and |pms_len|. */
  if (alg_k & SSL_kRSA) {
    pms_len = SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH;
    pms = (uint8_t *)OPENSSL_malloc(pms_len);
    if (pms == NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
      goto err;
    }

    RSA *rsa = EVP_PKEY_get0_RSA(hs->peer_pubkey.get());
    if (rsa == NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      goto err;
    }

    pms[0] = hs->client_version >> 8;
    pms[1] = hs->client_version & 0xff;
    if (!RAND_bytes(&pms[2], SSL_MAX_MASTER_KEY_LENGTH - 2)) {
      goto err;
    }

    CBB child, *enc_pms = &body;
    size_t enc_pms_len;
    /* In TLS, there is a length prefix. */
    if (ssl->version > SSL3_VERSION) {
      if (!CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(&body, &child)) {
        goto err;
      }
      enc_pms = &child;
    }

    uint8_t *ptr;
    if (!CBB_reserve(enc_pms, &ptr, RSA_size(rsa)) ||
        !RSA_encrypt(rsa, &enc_pms_len, ptr, RSA_size(rsa), pms, pms_len,
                     RSA_PKCS1_PADDING) ||
        !CBB_did_write(enc_pms, enc_pms_len) ||
        !CBB_flush(&body)) {
      goto err;
    }
  } else if (alg_k & SSL_kECDHE) {
    /* Generate a keypair and serialize the public half. */
    CBB child;
    if (!CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &child)) {
      goto err;
    }

    /* Compute the premaster. */
    uint8_t alert = SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR;
    if (!hs->key_share->Accept(&child, &pms, &pms_len, &alert, hs->peer_key,
                              hs->peer_key_len)) {
      ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, alert);
      goto err;
    }
    if (!CBB_flush(&body)) {
      goto err;
    }

    /* The key exchange state may now be discarded. */
    hs->key_share.reset();
    OPENSSL_free(hs->peer_key);
    hs->peer_key = NULL;
    hs->peer_key_len = 0;
  } else if (alg_k & SSL_kPSK) {
    /* For plain PSK, other_secret is a block of 0s with the same length as
     * the pre-shared key. */
    pms_len = psk_len;
    pms = (uint8_t *)OPENSSL_malloc(pms_len);
    if (pms == NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
      goto err;
    }
    OPENSSL_memset(pms, 0, pms_len);
  } else {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    goto err;
  }

  /* For a PSK cipher suite, other_secret is combined with the pre-shared
   * key. */
  if (alg_a & SSL_aPSK) {
    ScopedCBB pms_cbb;
    CBB child;
    uint8_t *new_pms;
    size_t new_pms_len;

    if (!CBB_init(pms_cbb.get(), 2 + psk_len + 2 + pms_len) ||
        !CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(pms_cbb.get(), &child) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(&child, pms, pms_len) ||
        !CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(pms_cbb.get(), &child) ||
        !CBB_add_bytes(&child, psk, psk_len) ||
        !CBB_finish(pms_cbb.get(), &new_pms, &new_pms_len)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
      goto err;
    }
    OPENSSL_cleanse(pms, pms_len);
    OPENSSL_free(pms);
    pms = new_pms;
    pms_len = new_pms_len;
  }

  /* The message must be added to the finished hash before calculating the
   * master secret. */
  if (!ssl_add_message_cbb(ssl, cbb.get())) {
    goto err;
  }

  hs->new_session->master_key_length = tls1_generate_master_secret(
      hs, hs->new_session->master_key, pms, pms_len);
  if (hs->new_session->master_key_length == 0) {
    goto err;
  }
  hs->new_session->extended_master_secret = hs->extended_master_secret;
  OPENSSL_cleanse(pms, pms_len);
  OPENSSL_free(pms);

  return 1;

err:
  if (pms != NULL) {
    OPENSSL_cleanse(pms, pms_len);
    OPENSSL_free(pms);
  }
  return -1;
}

static int ssl3_send_cert_verify(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  assert(ssl_has_private_key(ssl));

  ScopedCBB cbb;
  CBB body, child;
  if (!ssl->method->init_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &body,
                                 SSL3_MT_CERTIFICATE_VERIFY)) {
    return -1;
  }

  uint16_t signature_algorithm;
  if (!tls1_choose_signature_algorithm(hs, &signature_algorithm)) {
    return -1;
  }
  if (ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) >= TLS1_2_VERSION) {
    /* Write out the digest type in TLS 1.2. */
    if (!CBB_add_u16(&body, signature_algorithm)) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
  }

  /* Set aside space for the signature. */
  const size_t max_sig_len = EVP_PKEY_size(hs->local_pubkey.get());
  uint8_t *ptr;
  if (!CBB_add_u16_length_prefixed(&body, &child) ||
      !CBB_reserve(&child, &ptr, max_sig_len)) {
    return -1;
  }

  size_t sig_len = max_sig_len;
  /* The SSL3 construction for CertificateVerify does not decompose into a
   * single final digest and signature, and must be special-cased. */
  if (ssl3_protocol_version(ssl) == SSL3_VERSION) {
    if (ssl->cert->key_method != NULL) {
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL_FOR_CUSTOM_KEY);
      return -1;
    }

    uint8_t digest[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
    size_t digest_len;
    if (!hs->transcript.GetSSL3CertVerifyHash(
            digest, &digest_len, hs->new_session.get(), signature_algorithm)) {
      return -1;
    }

    UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX> pctx(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(ssl->cert->privatekey, NULL));
    if (!pctx ||
        !EVP_PKEY_sign_init(pctx.get()) ||
        !EVP_PKEY_sign(pctx.get(), ptr, &sig_len, digest, digest_len)) {
      return -1;
    }
  } else {
    switch (ssl_private_key_sign(
        hs, ptr, &sig_len, max_sig_len, signature_algorithm,
        hs->transcript.buffer_data(), hs->transcript.buffer_len())) {
      case ssl_private_key_success:
        break;
      case ssl_private_key_failure:
        return -1;
      case ssl_private_key_retry:
        ssl->rwstate = SSL_PRIVATE_KEY_OPERATION;
        return -1;
    }
  }

  if (!CBB_did_write(&child, sig_len) ||
      !ssl_add_message_cbb(ssl, cbb.get())) {
    return -1;
  }

  /* The handshake buffer is no longer necessary. */
  hs->transcript.FreeBuffer();
  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_send_next_proto(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  static const uint8_t kZero[32] = {0};
  size_t padding_len = 32 - ((ssl->s3->next_proto_negotiated_len + 2) % 32);

  ScopedCBB cbb;
  CBB body, child;
  if (!ssl->method->init_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &body, SSL3_MT_NEXT_PROTO) ||
      !CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &child) ||
      !CBB_add_bytes(&child, ssl->s3->next_proto_negotiated,
                     ssl->s3->next_proto_negotiated_len) ||
      !CBB_add_u8_length_prefixed(&body, &child) ||
      !CBB_add_bytes(&child, kZero, padding_len) ||
      !ssl_add_message_cbb(ssl, cbb.get())) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_send_channel_id(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  if (!ssl_do_channel_id_callback(ssl)) {
    return -1;
  }

  if (ssl->tlsext_channel_id_private == NULL) {
    ssl->rwstate = SSL_CHANNEL_ID_LOOKUP;
    return -1;
  }

  ScopedCBB cbb;
  CBB body;
  if (!ssl->method->init_message(ssl, cbb.get(), &body, SSL3_MT_CHANNEL_ID) ||
      !tls1_write_channel_id(hs, &body) ||
      !ssl_add_message_cbb(ssl, cbb.get())) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  return 1;
}

static int ssl3_get_new_session_ticket(SSL_HANDSHAKE *hs) {
  SSL *const ssl = hs->ssl;
  SSLMessage msg;
  int ret = ssl_read_message(ssl, &msg);
  if (ret <= 0) {
    return ret;
  }

  if (!ssl_check_message_type(ssl, msg, SSL3_MT_NEW_SESSION_TICKET) ||
      !ssl_hash_message(hs, msg)) {
    return -1;
  }

  CBS new_session_ticket = msg.body, ticket;
  uint32_t tlsext_tick_lifetime_hint;
  if (!CBS_get_u32(&new_session_ticket, &tlsext_tick_lifetime_hint) ||
      !CBS_get_u16_length_prefixed(&new_session_ticket, &ticket) ||
      CBS_len(&new_session_ticket) != 0) {
    ssl3_send_alert(ssl, SSL3_AL_FATAL, SSL_AD_DECODE_ERROR);
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, SSL_R_DECODE_ERROR);
    return -1;
  }

  if (CBS_len(&ticket) == 0) {
    /* RFC 5077 allows a server to change its mind and send no ticket after
     * negotiating the extension. The value of |ticket_expected| is checked in
     * |ssl_update_cache| so is cleared here to avoid an unnecessary update. */
    hs->ticket_expected = 0;
    ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
    return 1;
  }

  SSL_SESSION *session = hs->new_session.get();
  UniquePtr<SSL_SESSION> renewed_session;
  if (ssl->session != NULL) {
    /* The server is sending a new ticket for an existing session. Sessions are
     * immutable once established, so duplicate all but the ticket of the
     * existing session. */
    renewed_session =
        SSL_SESSION_dup(ssl->session, SSL_SESSION_INCLUDE_NONAUTH);
    if (!renewed_session) {
      /* This should never happen. */
      OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_INTERNAL_ERROR);
      return -1;
    }
    session = renewed_session.get();
  }

  /* |tlsext_tick_lifetime_hint| is measured from when the ticket was issued. */
  ssl_session_rebase_time(ssl, session);

  if (!CBS_stow(&ticket, &session->tlsext_tick, &session->tlsext_ticklen)) {
    OPENSSL_PUT_ERROR(SSL, ERR_R_MALLOC_FAILURE);
    return -1;
  }
  session->tlsext_tick_lifetime_hint = tlsext_tick_lifetime_hint;

  /* Generate a session ID for this session based on the session ticket. We use
   * the session ID mechanism for detecting ticket resumption. This also fits in
   * with assumptions elsewhere in OpenSSL.*/
  if (!EVP_Digest(CBS_data(&ticket), CBS_len(&ticket),
                  session->session_id, &session->session_id_length,
                  EVP_sha256(), NULL)) {
    return -1;
  }

  if (renewed_session) {
    session->not_resumable = 0;
    SSL_SESSION_free(ssl->session);
    ssl->session = renewed_session.release();
  }

  ssl->method->next_message(ssl);
  return 1;
}

}  // namespace bssl