[libcxx] Fix tuple construction/assignment from types derived from tuple/pair/array.

Summary:
The standard requires tuple have the following constructors:
```
tuple(tuple<OtherTypes...> const&);
tuple(tuple<OtherTypes...> &&);
tuple(pair<T1, T2> const&);
tuple(pair<T1, T2> &&);
tuple(array<T, N> const&);
tuple(array<T, N> &&);
```
However libc++ implements these as a single constructor with the signature:
```
template <class TupleLike, enable_if_t<__is_tuple_like<TupleLike>::value>>
tuple(TupleLike&&);
```

This causes the constructor to reject types derived from tuple-like types; Unlike if we had all of the concrete overloads, because they cause the derived->base conversion in the signature.

This patch fixes this issue by detecting derived types and the tuple-like base they are derived from. It does this by creating an overloaded function with signatures for each of tuple/pair/array and checking if the possibly derived type can convert to any of them.

This patch fixes [PR17550]( https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=17550)

This patch 

Reviewers: mclow.lists, K-ballo, mpark, EricWF

Subscribers: cfe-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D27606

llvm-svn: 289727
Cr-Mirrored-From: sso://chromium.googlesource.com/_direct/external/github.com/llvm/llvm-project
Cr-Mirrored-Commit: f8136d08c6b1e1d7b922d12b202736f38e21f33c
diff --git a/include/tuple b/include/tuple
index 553d8e5..c9146fd 100644
--- a/include/tuple
+++ b/include/tuple
@@ -555,13 +555,19 @@
     {
         template <class _Tuple>
         static constexpr bool __enable_implicit() {
-            return __tuple_convertible<_Tuple, tuple>::value;
+            using _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>;
+            using _QualType = typename _Deduced::_QualType;
+            static_assert(__tuple_like<typename _Deduced::_RawType>::value, "");
+            return __tuple_convertible<_QualType, tuple>::value;
         }
 
         template <class _Tuple>
         static constexpr bool __enable_explicit() {
-            return __tuple_constructible<_Tuple, tuple>::value
-               && !__tuple_convertible<_Tuple, tuple>::value;
+            using _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>;
+            using _QualType = typename _Deduced::_QualType;
+            static_assert(__tuple_like<typename _Deduced::_RawType>::value, "");
+            return __tuple_constructible<_QualType, tuple>::value
+               && !__tuple_convertible<_QualType, tuple>::value;
         }
     };
 
@@ -814,66 +820,74 @@
                     _VSTD::forward<_Up>(__u)...) {}
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_Tuple>::value
-                         >::template __enable_implicit<_Tuple>(),
+                            _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_TupBase>::value
+                         >::template __enable_implicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
-        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _Tuple>::value))
-            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _TupBase>::value))
+            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_Tuple>::value
-                         >::template __enable_explicit<_Tuple>(),
+                              _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_TupBase>::value
+                         >::template __enable_explicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
         explicit
-        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _Tuple>::value))
-            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _TupBase>::value))
+            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Alloc, class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                         >::template __enable_implicit<_Tuple>(),
+                             _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                         >::template __enable_implicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc& __a, _Tuple&& __t)
-            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Alloc, class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                         >::template __enable_explicit<_Tuple>(),
+                             _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                         >::template __enable_explicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         explicit
         tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc& __a, _Tuple&& __t)
-            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     using _CanCopyAssign = __all<is_copy_assignable<_Tp>::value...>;
     using _CanMoveAssign = __all<is_move_assignable<_Tp>::value...>;
 
     _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
-    tuple& operator=(typename conditional<_CanCopyAssign::value, tuple, __nat>::type const& __t)
+    tuple& operator=(typename conditional<_CanCopyAssign::value, tuple const&, __nat>::type const& __t)
         _NOEXCEPT_((__all<is_nothrow_copy_assignable<_Tp>::value...>::value))
     {
         base_.operator=(__t.base_);
@@ -889,16 +903,19 @@
     }
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               class = typename enable_if
                       <
-                         __tuple_assignable<_Tuple, tuple>::value
+                         __tuple_assignable<_TupBase, tuple>::value
                       >::type
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         tuple&
-        operator=(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_assignable<base&, _Tuple>::value))
+        operator=(_Tuple&& __t)
+          _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_assignable<base&, _TupBase>::value))
         {
-            base_.operator=(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t));
+            base_.operator=(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t));
             return *this;
         }