[libcxx] Fix tuple construction/assignment from types derived from tuple/pair/array.

Summary:
The standard requires tuple have the following constructors:
```
tuple(tuple<OtherTypes...> const&);
tuple(tuple<OtherTypes...> &&);
tuple(pair<T1, T2> const&);
tuple(pair<T1, T2> &&);
tuple(array<T, N> const&);
tuple(array<T, N> &&);
```
However libc++ implements these as a single constructor with the signature:
```
template <class TupleLike, enable_if_t<__is_tuple_like<TupleLike>::value>>
tuple(TupleLike&&);
```

This causes the constructor to reject types derived from tuple-like types; Unlike if we had all of the concrete overloads, because they cause the derived->base conversion in the signature.

This patch fixes this issue by detecting derived types and the tuple-like base they are derived from. It does this by creating an overloaded function with signatures for each of tuple/pair/array and checking if the possibly derived type can convert to any of them.

This patch fixes [PR17550]( https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=17550)

This patch 

Reviewers: mclow.lists, K-ballo, mpark, EricWF

Subscribers: cfe-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D27606

llvm-svn: 289727
Cr-Mirrored-From: sso://chromium.googlesource.com/_direct/external/github.com/llvm/llvm-project
Cr-Mirrored-Commit: f8136d08c6b1e1d7b922d12b202736f38e21f33c
diff --git a/include/__tuple b/include/__tuple
index 775d734..8e6d2bd 100644
--- a/include/__tuple
+++ b/include/__tuple
@@ -453,19 +453,57 @@
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_VARIADICS
 
 #ifndef _LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG
-template <bool _IsTuple, class _SizeTrait, size_t _Expected>
-struct __tuple_like_with_size_imp : false_type {};
 
-template <class _SizeTrait, size_t _Expected>
-struct __tuple_like_with_size_imp<true, _SizeTrait, _Expected>
-    : integral_constant<bool, _SizeTrait::value == _Expected> {};
+template <class _Tp, size_t _TSize, bool _Good = true>
+struct __lookup_result {
+  using type = _Tp;
+  static constexpr bool _Success = _Good;
+  static constexpr size_t _Size = _TSize;
+};
+using __lookup_failure = __lookup_result<void, (size_t)-1, false>;
 
-template <class _Tuple, size_t _ExpectedSize,
-          class _RawTuple = typename __uncvref<_Tuple>::type>
-using __tuple_like_with_size = __tuple_like_with_size_imp<
-                                   __tuple_like<_RawTuple>::value,
-                                   tuple_size<_RawTuple>, _ExpectedSize
-                              >;
+template <class ..._Args>
+auto __deduce_tuple_type_ovl(tuple<_Args...>&)
+    -> __lookup_result<tuple<_Args...>, sizeof...(_Args)>;
+
+template <class _T1, class _T2>
+auto __deduce_tuple_type_ovl(pair<_T1, _T2>&)
+    -> __lookup_result<pair<_T1, _T2>, 2>;
+
+template <class _Tp, size_t _Size>
+auto __deduce_tuple_type_ovl(array<_Tp, _Size>&)
+  -> __lookup_result<array<_Tp, _Size>, _Size>;
+
+template <class _Tp>
+auto __deduce_tuple_type_imp(int)
+  -> decltype(__deduce_tuple_type_ovl(_VSTD::declval<__uncvref_t<_Tp>&>()));
+template <class> __lookup_failure __deduce_tuple_type_imp(...);
+
+// __deduce_tuple_like - Given a type determine if it is, or is derived from,
+//   a tuple-like type. This trait is used to support constructing and assigning
+//   to std::tuple from user-types derived from a tuple-like type.
+template <class _TupleLike,
+    class _Result = decltype(__deduce_tuple_type_imp<_TupleLike>(0)),
+    bool _Good = _Result::_Success>
+struct __deduce_tuple_like {
+  static_assert(_Good, "incorrect specialization choosen");
+  static constexpr bool _Success = true;
+  static constexpr size_t _Size = _Result::_Size;
+  using _RawType = typename _Result::type;
+  using _QualType =
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_TupleLike>::template __apply<_RawType>;
+};
+
+template <class _TupleLike, class _Result>
+struct __deduce_tuple_like<_TupleLike, _Result, /*_Good=*/false> {
+  static constexpr bool _Success = false;
+  static constexpr size_t _Size = (size_t)-1;
+};
+
+template <class _TupleLike, size_t _ExpectedSize,
+          class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_TupleLike>>
+using __tuple_like_with_size = integral_constant<bool,
+    _Deduced::_Success && _Deduced::_Size == _ExpectedSize>;
 
 struct _LIBCPP_TYPE_VIS __check_tuple_constructor_fail {
     template <class ...>
diff --git a/include/tuple b/include/tuple
index 553d8e5..c9146fd 100644
--- a/include/tuple
+++ b/include/tuple
@@ -555,13 +555,19 @@
     {
         template <class _Tuple>
         static constexpr bool __enable_implicit() {
-            return __tuple_convertible<_Tuple, tuple>::value;
+            using _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>;
+            using _QualType = typename _Deduced::_QualType;
+            static_assert(__tuple_like<typename _Deduced::_RawType>::value, "");
+            return __tuple_convertible<_QualType, tuple>::value;
         }
 
         template <class _Tuple>
         static constexpr bool __enable_explicit() {
-            return __tuple_constructible<_Tuple, tuple>::value
-               && !__tuple_convertible<_Tuple, tuple>::value;
+            using _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>;
+            using _QualType = typename _Deduced::_QualType;
+            static_assert(__tuple_like<typename _Deduced::_RawType>::value, "");
+            return __tuple_constructible<_QualType, tuple>::value
+               && !__tuple_convertible<_QualType, tuple>::value;
         }
     };
 
@@ -814,66 +820,74 @@
                     _VSTD::forward<_Up>(__u)...) {}
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_Tuple>::value
-                         >::template __enable_implicit<_Tuple>(),
+                            _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_TupBase>::value
+                         >::template __enable_implicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
-        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _Tuple>::value))
-            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _TupBase>::value))
+            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_Tuple>::value
-                         >::template __enable_explicit<_Tuple>(),
+                              _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                             && !_PackExpandsToThisTuple<_TupBase>::value
+                         >::template __enable_explicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY _LIBCPP_CONSTEXPR_AFTER_CXX11
         explicit
-        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _Tuple>::value))
-            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+        tuple(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_constructible<base, _TupBase>::value))
+            : base_(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Alloc, class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                         >::template __enable_implicit<_Tuple>(),
+                             _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                         >::template __enable_implicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc& __a, _Tuple&& __t)
-            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     template <class _Alloc, class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               typename enable_if
                       <
                          _CheckTupleLikeConstructor<
-                             __tuple_like_with_size<_Tuple, sizeof...(_Tp)>::value
-                         >::template __enable_explicit<_Tuple>(),
+                             _Deduced::_Size == sizeof...(_Tp)
+                         >::template __enable_explicit<_TupBase>(),
                          bool
                       >::type = false
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         explicit
         tuple(allocator_arg_t, const _Alloc& __a, _Tuple&& __t)
-            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t)) {}
+            : base_(allocator_arg_t(), __a, _VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t)) {}
 
     using _CanCopyAssign = __all<is_copy_assignable<_Tp>::value...>;
     using _CanMoveAssign = __all<is_move_assignable<_Tp>::value...>;
 
     _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
-    tuple& operator=(typename conditional<_CanCopyAssign::value, tuple, __nat>::type const& __t)
+    tuple& operator=(typename conditional<_CanCopyAssign::value, tuple const&, __nat>::type const& __t)
         _NOEXCEPT_((__all<is_nothrow_copy_assignable<_Tp>::value...>::value))
     {
         base_.operator=(__t.base_);
@@ -889,16 +903,19 @@
     }
 
     template <class _Tuple,
+              class _Deduced = __deduce_tuple_like<_Tuple>,
+              class _TupBase = typename _Deduced::_QualType,
               class = typename enable_if
                       <
-                         __tuple_assignable<_Tuple, tuple>::value
+                         __tuple_assignable<_TupBase, tuple>::value
                       >::type
              >
         _LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY
         tuple&
-        operator=(_Tuple&& __t) _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_assignable<base&, _Tuple>::value))
+        operator=(_Tuple&& __t)
+          _NOEXCEPT_((is_nothrow_assignable<base&, _TupBase>::value))
         {
-            base_.operator=(_VSTD::forward<_Tuple>(__t));
+            base_.operator=(_VSTD::forward<_TupBase>(__t));
             return *this;
         }
 
diff --git a/include/type_traits b/include/type_traits
index fbfc9d3..c2b90ea 100644
--- a/include/type_traits
+++ b/include/type_traits
@@ -4696,6 +4696,65 @@
 
 #endif
 
+#ifndef _LIBCPP_CXX03_LANG
+
+// __propagate_value_category -- A utility for detecting the value category
+// of a given type and applying that value-category to another type.
+// For example applying the cv-ref quals of a derived type to form the
+// correctly cv-qualified base type.
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category {
+  template <class _ToType> struct __checked_apply {
+    static_assert(!is_reference<_ToType>::value, "must be unqualified");
+    static_assert(!is_const<_ToType>::value
+               && !is_volatile<_ToType>::value, "must be unqualified");
+    using type = _ToType;
+  };
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename __checked_apply<_ToType>::type;
+};
+
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category<_FromType&> {
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename add_lvalue_reference<
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_FromType>::template __apply<_ToType>
+  >::type;
+};
+
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category<_FromType&&> {
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename add_rvalue_reference<
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_FromType>::template __apply<_ToType>
+  >::type;
+};
+
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category<_FromType const> {
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename add_const<
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_FromType>::template __apply<_ToType>
+  >::type;
+};
+
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category<_FromType volatile> {
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename add_volatile<
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_FromType>::template __apply<_ToType>
+  >::type;
+};
+
+template <class _FromType>
+struct __propagate_value_category<_FromType const volatile> {
+  template <class _ToType>
+  using __apply = typename add_cv<
+    typename __propagate_value_category<_FromType>::template __apply<_ToType>
+  >::type;
+};
+#endif
+
 _LIBCPP_END_NAMESPACE_STD
 
 #endif  // _LIBCPP_TYPE_TRAITS