mmc_cmds.c

/*
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
 * License v2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public
 * License along with this program; if not, write to the
 * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
 * Boston, MA 021110-1307, USA.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <ctype.h>

#include "mmc.h"
#include "mmc_cmds.h"

#define EXT_CSD_SIZE	512
#define CID_SIZE 16


int read_extcsd(int fd, __u8 *ext_csd)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct mmc_ioc_cmd idata;
	memset(&idata, 0, sizeof(idata));
	memset(ext_csd, 0, sizeof(__u8) * EXT_CSD_SIZE);
	idata.write_flag = 0;
	idata.opcode = MMC_SEND_EXT_CSD;
	idata.arg = 0;
	idata.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1 | MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_ADTC;
	idata.blksz = EXT_CSD_SIZE;
	idata.blocks = 1;
	mmc_ioc_cmd_set_data(idata, ext_csd);

	ret = ioctl(fd, MMC_IOC_CMD, &idata);
	if (ret)
		perror("ioctl SEND_EXT_CSD");

	return ret;
}

int write_extcsd_value(int fd, __u8 index, __u8 value)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct mmc_ioc_cmd idata;

	memset(&idata, 0, sizeof(idata));
	idata.write_flag = 1;
	idata.opcode = MMC_SWITCH;
	idata.arg = (MMC_SWITCH_MODE_WRITE_BYTE << 24) |
			(index << 16) |
			(value << 8) |
			EXT_CSD_CMD_SET_NORMAL;
	idata.flags = MMC_RSP_SPI_R1B | MMC_RSP_R1B | MMC_CMD_AC;

	ret = ioctl(fd, MMC_IOC_CMD, &idata);
	if (ret)
		perror("ioctl Write EXT CSD");

	return ret;
}

int send_status(int fd, __u32 *response)
{
	int ret = 0;
	struct mmc_ioc_cmd idata;

	memset(&idata, 0, sizeof(idata));
	idata.opcode = MMC_SEND_STATUS;
	idata.arg = (1 << 16);
	idata.flags = MMC_RSP_R1 | MMC_CMD_AC;

	ret = ioctl(fd, MMC_IOC_CMD, &idata);
	if (ret)
	perror("ioctl");

	*response = idata.response[0];

	return ret;
}

void print_writeprotect_status(__u8 *ext_csd)
{
	__u8 reg;
	__u8 ext_csd_rev = ext_csd[192];

	/* A43: reserved [174:0] */
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 5) {
		printf("Boot write protection status registers"
			" [BOOT_WP_STATUS]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[174]);

		reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP];
		printf("Boot Area Write protection [BOOT_WP]: 0x%02x\n", reg);
		printf(" Power ro locking: ");
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP_B_PWR_WP_DIS)
			printf("not possible\n");
		else
			printf("possible\n");

		printf(" Permanent ro locking: ");
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP_B_PERM_WP_DIS)
			printf("not possible\n");
		else
			printf("possible\n");

		printf(" ro lock status: ");
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP_B_PWR_WP_EN)
			printf("locked until next power on\n");
		else if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP_B_PERM_WP_EN)
			printf("locked permanently\n");
		else
			printf("not locked\n");
	}
}

int do_writeprotect_get(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE];
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc writeprotect get </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			  exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	print_writeprotect_status(ext_csd);

	return ret;
}

int do_writeprotect_set(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE], value;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc writeprotect set </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			  exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP] |
		EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP_B_PWR_WP_EN;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			value, EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	return ret;
}

int do_disable_512B_emulation(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE], native_sector_size, data_sector_size, wr_rel_param;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc disable 512B emulation </path/to/mmcblkX>\n", exit(1));
	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	wr_rel_param = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_WR_REL_PARAM];
	native_sector_size = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_NATIVE_SECTOR_SIZE];
	data_sector_size = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_DATA_SECTOR_SIZE];

	if (native_sector_size && !data_sector_size &&
	   (wr_rel_param & EN_REL_WR)) {
		ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_USE_NATIVE_SECTOR, 1);

		if (ret) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
					1, EXT_CSD_BOOT_WP, device);
			exit(1);
		}
		printf("MMC disable 512B emulation successful.  Now reset the device to switch to 4KB native sector mode.\n");
	} else if (native_sector_size && data_sector_size) {
		printf("MMC 512B emulation mode is already disabled; doing nothing.\n");
	} else {
		printf("MMC does not support disabling 512B emulation mode.\n");
	}

	return ret;
}

int do_write_boot_en(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[512];
	__u8 value = 0;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;
	int boot_area, send_ack;

	CHECK(nargs != 4, "Usage: mmc bootpart enable <partition_number> "
			  "<send_ack> </path/to/mmcblkX>\n", exit(1));

	/*
	 * If <send_ack> is 1, the device will send acknowledgment
	 * pattern "010" to the host when boot operation begins.
	 * If <send_ack> is 0, it won't.
	 */
	boot_area = strtol(argv[1], NULL, 10);
	send_ack = strtol(argv[2], NULL, 10);
	device = argv[3];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG];

	switch (boot_area) {
	case EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG_ACC_BOOT0:
		value |= (1 << 3);
		value &= ~(3 << 4);
		break;
	case EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG_ACC_BOOT1:
		value |= (1 << 4);
		value &= ~(1 << 3);
		value &= ~(1 << 5);
		break;
	case EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG_ACC_USER_AREA:
		value |= (boot_area << 3);
		break;
	default:
		fprintf(stderr, "Cannot enable the boot area\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	if (send_ack)
		value |= EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG_ACC_ACK;
	else
		value &= ~EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG_ACC_ACK;

	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			value, EXT_CSD_PART_CONFIG, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	return ret;
}

int do_hwreset(int value, int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE];
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc hwreset enable </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			  exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	if ((ext_csd[EXT_CSD_RST_N_FUNCTION] & EXT_CSD_RST_N_EN_MASK) ==
	    EXT_CSD_HW_RESET_EN) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"H/W Reset is already permanently enabled on %s\n",
			device);
		exit(1);
	}
	if ((ext_csd[EXT_CSD_RST_N_FUNCTION] & EXT_CSD_RST_N_EN_MASK) ==
	    EXT_CSD_HW_RESET_DIS) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"H/W Reset is already permanently disabled on %s\n",
			device);
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_RST_N_FUNCTION, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr,
			"Could not write 0x%02x to EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			value, EXT_CSD_RST_N_FUNCTION, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	return ret;
}

int do_hwreset_en(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	return do_hwreset(EXT_CSD_HW_RESET_EN, nargs, argv);
}

int do_hwreset_dis(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	return do_hwreset(EXT_CSD_HW_RESET_DIS, nargs, argv);
}

int do_write_bkops_en(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE], value = 0;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc bkops enable </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	if (!(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_BKOPS_SUPPORT] & 0x1)) {
		fprintf(stderr, "%s doesn't support BKOPS\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_BKOPS_EN, BKOPS_ENABLE);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			value, EXT_CSD_BKOPS_EN, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	return ret;
}

int do_status_get(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u32 response;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc status get </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
		exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = send_status(fd, &response);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read response to SEND_STATUS from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	printf("SEND_STATUS response: 0x%08x\n", response);

	return ret;
}

__u32 get_word_from_ext_csd(__u8 *ext_csd_loc)
{
	return (ext_csd_loc[3] << 24) |
		(ext_csd_loc[2] << 16) |
		(ext_csd_loc[1] << 8)  |
		ext_csd_loc[0];
}

unsigned int get_sector_count(__u8 *ext_csd)
{
	return get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SEC_COUNT_0]);
}

int is_blockaddresed(__u8 *ext_csd)
{
	unsigned int sectors = get_sector_count(ext_csd);

	return (sectors > (2u * 1024 * 1024 * 1024) / 512);
}

unsigned int get_hc_wp_grp_size(__u8 *ext_csd)
{
	return ext_csd[221];
}

unsigned int get_hc_erase_grp_size(__u8 *ext_csd)
{
	return ext_csd[224];
}

int set_partitioning_setting_completed(int dry_run, const char * const device,
		int fd)
{
	int ret;

	if (dry_run) {
		fprintf(stderr, "NOT setting PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED\n");
		fprintf(stderr, "These changes will not take effect neither "
			"now nor after a power cycle\n");
		return 1;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "setting OTP PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED!\n");
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED, 0x1);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x1 to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			EXT_CSD_PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED, device);
		return 1;
	}

	__u32 response;
	ret = send_status(fd, &response);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not get response to SEND_STATUS "
			"from %s\n", device);
		return 1;
	}

	if (response & R1_SWITCH_ERROR) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Setting OTP PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED "
			"failed on %s\n", device);
		return 1;
	}

	fprintf(stderr, "Setting OTP PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED on "
		"%s SUCCESS\n", device);
	fprintf(stderr, "Device power cycle needed for settings to "
		"take effect.\n"
		"Confirm that PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED bit is set "
		"using 'extcsd read' after power cycle\n");

	return 0;
}

int do_enh_area_set(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 value;
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE];
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;
	int dry_run = 1;
	unsigned int start_kib, length_kib, enh_start_addr, enh_size_mult;
	unsigned long align;

	CHECK(nargs != 5, "Usage: mmc enh_area set <-y|-n> <start KiB> <length KiB> "
			  "</path/to/mmcblkX>\n", exit(1));

	if (!strcmp("-y", argv[1]))
		dry_run = 0;

	start_kib = strtol(argv[2], NULL, 10);
	length_kib = strtol(argv[3], NULL, 10);
	device = argv[4];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* assert ENH_ATTRIBUTE_EN */
	if (!(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITIONING_SUPPORT] & EXT_CSD_ENH_ATTRIBUTE_EN))
	{
		printf(" Device cannot have enhanced tech.\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* assert not PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED */
	if (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED])
	{
		printf(" Device is already partitioned\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	align = 512l * get_hc_wp_grp_size(ext_csd) * get_hc_erase_grp_size(ext_csd);

	enh_size_mult = (length_kib + align/2l) / align;

	enh_start_addr = start_kib * 1024 / (is_blockaddresed(ext_csd) ? 512 : 1);
	enh_start_addr /= align;
	enh_start_addr *= align;

	/* set EXT_CSD_ERASE_GROUP_DEF bit 0 */
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ERASE_GROUP_DEF, 0x1);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x1 to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			EXT_CSD_ERASE_GROUP_DEF, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* write to ENH_START_ADDR and ENH_SIZE_MULT and PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE's ENH_USR bit */
	value = (enh_start_addr >> 24) & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_3, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_3, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	value = (enh_start_addr >> 16) & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_2, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_2, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	value = (enh_start_addr >> 8) & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_1, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_1, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	value = enh_start_addr & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_0, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_0, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	value = (enh_size_mult >> 16) & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_2, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_2, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	value = (enh_size_mult >> 8) & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_1, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_1, device);
		exit(1);
	}
	value = enh_size_mult & 0xff;
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_0, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n", value,
			EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_0, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE, EXT_CSD_ENH_USR);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write EXT_CSD_ENH_USR to "
			"EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			EXT_CSD_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	printf("Done setting ENH_USR area on %s\n", device);

	if (!set_partitioning_setting_completed(dry_run, device, fd))
		exit(1);

	return 0;
}

int do_write_reliability_set(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 value;
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE];
	int fd, ret;

	int dry_run = 1;
	int partition;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 4, "Usage: mmc write_reliability set <-y|-n> "
			"<partition> </path/to/mmcblkX>\n", exit(1));

	if (!strcmp("-y", argv[1]))
		dry_run = 0;

	partition = strtol(argv[2], NULL, 10);
	device = argv[3];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* assert not PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED */
	if (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED])
	{
		printf(" Device is already partitioned\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	/* assert HS_CTRL_REL */
	if (!(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_WR_REL_PARAM] & HS_CTRL_REL)) {
		printf("Cannot set write reliability parameters, WR_REL_SET is "
				"read-only\n");
		exit(1);
	}

	value = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET] | (1<<partition);
	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET, value);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
				value, EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	printf("Done setting EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET to 0x%02x on %s\n",
		value, device);

	if (!set_partitioning_setting_completed(dry_run, device, fd))
		exit(1);

	return 0;
}

int do_read_extcsd(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE], ext_csd_rev, reg;
	__u32 regl;
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;
	const char *str;
        const char *ver_str[] = {
		"4.0",	/* 0 */
		"4.1",	/* 1 */
		"4.2",	/* 2 */
		"4.3",	/* 3 */
		"Obsolete", /* 4 */
		"4.41",	/* 5 */
		"4.5",  /* 6 */
		"5.0",  /* 7 */
	};
	int boot_access;
	const char* boot_access_str[] = {
		"No access to boot partition",		/* 0 */
		"R/W Boot Partition 1",			/* 1 */
		"R/W Boot Partition 2",			/* 2 */
		"R/W Replay Protected Memory Block (RPMB)", /* 3 */
	};

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc extcsd read </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			  exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	ext_csd_rev = ext_csd[192];

	if ((ext_csd_rev < sizeof(ver_str)/sizeof(char*)) &&
	    (ext_csd_rev != 4))
		str = ver_str[ext_csd_rev];
	else
		goto out_free;

	printf("=============================================\n");
	printf("  Extended CSD rev 1.%d (MMC %s)\n", ext_csd_rev, str);
	printf("=============================================\n\n");

	if (ext_csd_rev < 3)
		goto out_free; /* No ext_csd */

	/* Parse the Extended CSD registers.
	 * Reserved bit should be read as "0" in case of spec older
	 * than A441.
	 */
	reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_S_CMD_SET];
	printf("Card Supported Command sets [S_CMD_SET: 0x%02x]\n", reg);
	if (!reg)
		printf(" - Standard MMC command sets\n");

	reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_HPI_FEATURE];
	printf("HPI Features [HPI_FEATURE: 0x%02x]: ", reg);
	if (reg & EXT_CSD_HPI_SUPP) {
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_HPI_IMPL)
			printf("implementation based on CMD12\n");
		else
			printf("implementation based on CMD13\n");
	}

	printf("Background operations support [BKOPS_SUPPORT: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[502]);

	if (ext_csd_rev >= 6) {
		printf("Max Packet Read Cmd [MAX_PACKED_READS: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[501]);
		printf("Max Packet Write Cmd [MAX_PACKED_WRITES: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[500]);
		printf("Data TAG support [DATA_TAG_SUPPORT: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[499]);

		printf("Data TAG Unit Size [TAG_UNIT_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[498]);
		printf("Tag Resources Size [TAG_RES_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[497]);
		printf("Context Management Capabilities"
			" [CONTEXT_CAPABILITIES: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[496]);
		printf("Large Unit Size [LARGE_UNIT_SIZE_M1: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[495]);
		printf("Extended partition attribute support"
			" [EXT_SUPPORT: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[494]);
	}
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 7) {
		int j;
		int eol_info;
		char* eol_info_str[] = {
			"Not Defined",	/* 0 */
			"Normal",	/* 1 */
			"Warning",	/* 2 */
			"Urgent",	/* 3 */
		};

		printf("Supported modes [SUPPORTED_MODES: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[493]);
		printf("FFU features [FFU_FEATURES: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[492]);
		printf("Operation codes timeout"
			" [OPERATION_CODE_TIMEOUT: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[491]);
		printf("FFU Argument [FFU_ARG: 0x%08x]\n",
			get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[487]));
		printf("Number of FW sectors correctly programmed"
			" [NUMBER_OF_FW_SECTORS_CORRECTLY_PROGRAMMED: %d]\n",
			get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[302]));
		printf("Vendor proprietary health report:\n");
		for (j = 301; j >= 270; j--)
			printf("[VENDOR_PROPRIETARY_HEALTH_REPORT[%d]]:"
				" 0x%02x\n", j, ext_csd[j]);
		for (j = 269; j >= 268; j--) {
			__u8 life_used=ext_csd[j];
			char est_type = 'B' + (j - 269);
			printf("Device life time estimation type %c"
				" [DEVICE_LIFE_TIME_EST_TYP_%c: 0x%02x]\n",
				est_type, est_type, life_used);
			if (life_used >= 0x1 && life_used <= 0xa)
				printf(" i.e. %d%% - %d%% device life time"
					" used\n",
					(life_used - 1) * 10, life_used * 10);
			else if (life_used == 0xb)
				printf(" i.e. Exceeded its maximum estimated"
					" device life time\n");
		}
		eol_info = ext_csd[267];
		printf("Pre EOL information [PRE_EOL_INFO: 0x%02x]\n",
			eol_info);
		if (eol_info < sizeof(eol_info_str)/sizeof(char*))
			printf(" i.e. %s\n", eol_info_str[eol_info]);
		else
			printf(" i.e. Reserved\n");

		printf("Optimal read size [OPTIMAL_READ_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[266]);
		printf("Optimal write size [OPTIMAL_WRITE_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[265]);
		printf("Optimal trim unit size"
			" [OPTIMAL_TRIM_UNIT_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[264]);
		printf("Device version [DEVICE_VERSION: 0x%02x - 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[263], ext_csd[262]);
		printf("Firmware version:\n");
		for (j = 261; j >= 254; j--)
			printf("[FIRMWARE_VERSION[%d]]:"
				" 0x%02x\n", j, ext_csd[j]);

		printf("Power class for 200MHz, DDR at VCC= 3.6V"
			" [PWR_CL_DDR_200_360: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[253]);
	}
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 6) {
		printf("Generic CMD6 Timer [GENERIC_CMD6_TIME: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[248]);
		printf("Power off notification [POWER_OFF_LONG_TIME: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[247]);
		printf("Cache Size [CACHE_SIZE] is %d KiB\n",
			get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[249]));
	}

	/* A441: Reserved [501:247]
	    A43: reserved [246:229] */
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 5) {
		printf("Background operations status"
			" [BKOPS_STATUS: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[246]);

		/* CORRECTLY_PRG_SECTORS_NUM [245:242] TODO */

		printf("1st Initialisation Time after programmed sector"
			" [INI_TIMEOUT_AP: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[241]);

		/* A441: reserved [240] */
		printf("Power class for 52MHz, DDR at 3.6V"
			" [PWR_CL_DDR_52_360: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[239]);
		printf("Power class for 52MHz, DDR at 1.95V"
			" [PWR_CL_DDR_52_195: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[238]);

		/* A441: reserved [237-236] */

		if (ext_csd_rev >= 6) {
			printf("Power class for 200MHz at 3.6V"
				" [PWR_CL_200_360: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[237]);
			printf("Power class for 200MHz, at 1.95V"
				" [PWR_CL_200_195: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[236]);
		}
		printf("Minimum Performance for 8bit at 52MHz in DDR mode:\n");
		printf(" [MIN_PERF_DDR_W_8_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[235]);
		printf(" [MIN_PERF_DDR_R_8_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[234]);
		/* A441: reserved [233] */
		printf("TRIM Multiplier [TRIM_MULT: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[232]);
		printf("Secure Feature support [SEC_FEATURE_SUPPORT: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[231]);
	}
	if (ext_csd_rev == 5) { /* Obsolete in 4.5 */
		printf("Secure Erase Multiplier [SEC_ERASE_MULT: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[230]);
		printf("Secure TRIM Multiplier [SEC_TRIM_MULT: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[229]);
	}
	reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_BOOT_INFO];
	printf("Boot Information [BOOT_INFO: 0x%02x]\n", reg);
	if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_INFO_ALT)
		printf(" Device supports alternative boot method\n");
	if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_INFO_DDR_DDR)
		printf(" Device supports dual data rate during boot\n");
	if (reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_INFO_HS_MODE)
		printf(" Device supports high speed timing during boot\n");

	/* A441/A43: reserved [227] */
	printf("Boot partition size [BOOT_SIZE_MULTI: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[226]);
	printf("Access size [ACC_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[225]);

	reg = get_hc_erase_grp_size(ext_csd);
	printf("High-capacity erase unit size [HC_ERASE_GRP_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
		reg);
	printf(" i.e. %u KiB\n", 512 * reg);

	printf("High-capacity erase timeout [ERASE_TIMEOUT_MULT: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[223]);
	printf("Reliable write sector count [REL_WR_SEC_C: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[222]);

	reg = get_hc_wp_grp_size(ext_csd);
	printf("High-capacity W protect group size [HC_WP_GRP_SIZE: 0x%02x]\n",
		reg);
	printf(" i.e. %lu KiB\n", 512l * get_hc_erase_grp_size(ext_csd) * reg);

	printf("Sleep current (VCC) [S_C_VCC: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[220]);
	printf("Sleep current (VCCQ) [S_C_VCCQ: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[219]);
	/* A441/A43: reserved [218] */
	printf("Sleep/awake timeout [S_A_TIMEOUT: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[217]);
	/* A441/A43: reserved [216] */

	unsigned int sectors =	get_sector_count(ext_csd);
	printf("Sector Count [SEC_COUNT: 0x%08x]\n", sectors);
	if (is_blockaddresed(ext_csd))
		printf(" Device is block-addressed\n");
	else
		printf(" Device is NOT block-addressed\n");

	/* A441/A43: reserved [211] */
	printf("Minimum Write Performance for 8bit:\n");
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_W_8_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[210]);
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_R_8_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[209]);
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_W_8_26_4_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[208]);
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_R_8_26_4_52: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[207]);
	printf("Minimum Write Performance for 4bit:\n");
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_W_4_26: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[206]);
	printf(" [MIN_PERF_R_4_26: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[205]);
	/* A441/A43: reserved [204] */
	printf("Power classes registers:\n");
	printf(" [PWR_CL_26_360: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[203]);
	printf(" [PWR_CL_52_360: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[202]);
	printf(" [PWR_CL_26_195: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[201]);
	printf(" [PWR_CL_52_195: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[200]);

	/* A43: reserved [199:198] */
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 5) {
		printf("Partition switching timing "
			"[PARTITION_SWITCH_TIME: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[199]);
		printf("Out-of-interrupt busy timing"
			" [OUT_OF_INTERRUPT_TIME: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[198]);
	}

	/* A441/A43: reserved	[197] [195] [193] [190] [188]
	 * [186] [184] [182] [180] [176] */

	if (ext_csd_rev >= 6)
		printf("I/O Driver Strength [DRIVER_STRENGTH: 0x%02x]\n",
			ext_csd[197]);

	/* DEVICE_TYPE in A45, CARD_TYPE in A441 */
	reg = ext_csd[196];
	printf("Card Type [CARD_TYPE: 0x%02x]\n", reg);
	if (reg & 0x20) printf(" HS200 Single Data Rate eMMC @200MHz 1.2VI/O\n");
	if (reg & 0x10) printf(" HS200 Single Data Rate eMMC @200MHz 1.8VI/O\n");
	if (reg & 0x08) printf(" HS Dual Data Rate eMMC @52MHz 1.2VI/O\n");
	if (reg & 0x04)	printf(" HS Dual Data Rate eMMC @52MHz 1.8V or 3VI/O\n");
	if (reg & 0x02)	printf(" HS eMMC @52MHz - at rated device voltage(s)\n");
	if (reg & 0x01) printf(" HS eMMC @26MHz - at rated device voltage(s)\n");

	printf("CSD structure version [CSD_STRUCTURE: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[194]);
	/* ext_csd_rev = ext_csd[192] (already done!!!) */
	printf("Command set [CMD_SET: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[191]);
	printf("Command set revision [CMD_SET_REV: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[189]);
	printf("Power class [POWER_CLASS: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[187]);
	printf("High-speed interface timing [HS_TIMING: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[185]);
	/* bus_width: ext_csd[183] not readable */
	printf("Erased memory content [ERASED_MEM_CONT: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[181]);
	reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_BOOT_CFG];
	printf("Boot configuration bytes [PARTITION_CONFIG: 0x%02x]\n", reg);
	switch ((reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_CFG_EN)>>3) {
	case 0x0:
		printf(" Not boot enable\n");
		break;
	case 0x1:
		printf(" Boot Partition 1 enabled\n");
		break;
	case 0x2:
		printf(" Boot Partition 2 enabled\n");
		break;
	case 0x7:
		printf(" User Area Enabled for boot\n");
		break;
	}
	boot_access = reg & EXT_CSD_BOOT_CFG_ACC;
	if (boot_access < sizeof(boot_access_str) / sizeof(char*))
		printf(" %s\n", boot_access_str[boot_access]);
	else
		printf(" Access to General Purpose partition %d\n",
			boot_access - 3);

	printf("Boot config protection [BOOT_CONFIG_PROT: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[178]);
	printf("Boot bus Conditions [BOOT_BUS_CONDITIONS: 0x%02x]\n",
		ext_csd[177]);
	printf("High-density erase group definition"
		" [ERASE_GROUP_DEF: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ERASE_GROUP_DEF]);

	print_writeprotect_status(ext_csd);

	if (ext_csd_rev >= 5) {
		/* A441]: reserved [172] */
		printf("User area write protection register"
			" [USER_WP]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[171]);
		/* A441]: reserved [170] */
		printf("FW configuration [FW_CONFIG]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[169]);
		printf("RPMB Size [RPMB_SIZE_MULT]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[168]);

		reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET];
		const char * const fast = "existing data is at risk if a power "
				"failure occurs during a write operation";
		const char * const reliable = "the device protects existing "
				"data if a power failure occurs during a write "
				"operation";
		printf("Write reliability setting register"
			" [WR_REL_SET]: 0x%02x\n", reg);

		printf(" user area: %s\n", reg & (1<<0) ? reliable : fast);
		int i;
		for (i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
			printf(" partition %d: %s\n", i,
				reg & (1<<i) ? reliable : fast);
		}

		reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_WR_REL_PARAM];
		printf("Write reliability parameter register"
			" [WR_REL_PARAM]: 0x%02x\n", reg);
		if (reg & 0x01)
			printf(" Device supports writing EXT_CSD_WR_REL_SET\n");
		if (reg & 0x04)
			printf(" Device supports the enhanced def. of reliable "
				"write\n");

		/* sanitize_start ext_csd[165]]: not readable
		 * bkops_start ext_csd[164]]: only writable */
		printf("Enable background operations handshake"
			" [BKOPS_EN]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[163]);
		printf("H/W reset function"
			" [RST_N_FUNCTION]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[162]);
		printf("HPI management [HPI_MGMT]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[161]);
		reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITIONING_SUPPORT];
		printf("Partitioning Support [PARTITIONING_SUPPORT]: 0x%02x\n",
			reg);
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_PARTITIONING_EN)
			printf(" Device support partitioning feature\n");
		else
			printf(" Device NOT support partitioning feature\n");
		if (reg & EXT_CSD_ENH_ATTRIBUTE_EN)
			printf(" Device can have enhanced tech.\n");
		else
			printf(" Device cannot have enhanced tech.\n");

		regl = (ext_csd[EXT_CSD_MAX_ENH_SIZE_MULT_2] << 16) |
			(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_MAX_ENH_SIZE_MULT_1] << 8) |
			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_MAX_ENH_SIZE_MULT_0];

		printf("Max Enhanced Area Size [MAX_ENH_SIZE_MULT]: 0x%06x\n",
			   regl);
		unsigned int wp_sz = get_hc_wp_grp_size(ext_csd);
		unsigned int erase_sz = get_hc_erase_grp_size(ext_csd);
		printf(" i.e. %lu KiB\n", 512l * regl * wp_sz * erase_sz);

		printf("Partitions attribute [PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE]: 0x%02x\n",
			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE]);
		reg = ext_csd[EXT_CSD_PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED];
		printf("Partitioning Setting"
			" [PARTITION_SETTING_COMPLETED]: 0x%02x\n",
			reg);
		if (reg)
			printf(" Device partition setting complete\n");
		else
			printf(" Device partition setting NOT complete\n");

		printf("General Purpose Partition Size\n"
			" [GP_SIZE_MULT_4]: 0x%06x\n", (ext_csd[154] << 16) |
			(ext_csd[153] << 8) | ext_csd[152]);
		printf(" [GP_SIZE_MULT_3]: 0x%06x\n", (ext_csd[151] << 16) |
			   (ext_csd[150] << 8) | ext_csd[149]);
		printf(" [GP_SIZE_MULT_2]: 0x%06x\n", (ext_csd[148] << 16) |
			   (ext_csd[147] << 8) | ext_csd[146]);
		printf(" [GP_SIZE_MULT_1]: 0x%06x\n", (ext_csd[145] << 16) |
			   (ext_csd[144] << 8) | ext_csd[143]);

		regl =	(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_2] << 16) |
			(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_1] << 8) |
			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_SIZE_MULT_0];
		printf("Enhanced User Data Area Size"
			" [ENH_SIZE_MULT]: 0x%06x\n", regl);
		printf(" i.e. %lu KiB\n", 512l * regl *
		       get_hc_erase_grp_size(ext_csd) *
		       get_hc_wp_grp_size(ext_csd));

		regl =	(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_3] << 24) |
			(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_2] << 16) |
			(ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_1] << 8) |
			ext_csd[EXT_CSD_ENH_START_ADDR_0];
		printf("Enhanced User Data Start Address"
			" [ENH_START_ADDR]: 0x%06x\n", regl);
		printf(" i.e. %lu bytes offset\n", (is_blockaddresed(ext_csd) ?
				1l : 512l) * regl);

		/* A441]: reserved [135] */
		printf("Bad Block Management mode"
			" [SEC_BAD_BLK_MGMNT]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[134]);
		/* A441: reserved [133:0] */
	}
	/* B45 */
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 6) {
		int j;
		/* tcase_support ext_csd[132] not readable */
		printf("Periodic Wake-up [PERIODIC_WAKEUP]: 0x%02x\n",
			ext_csd[131]);
		printf("Program CID/CSD in DDR mode support"
			" [PROGRAM_CID_CSD_DDR_SUPPORT]: 0x%02x\n",
			   ext_csd[130]);

		for (j = 127; j >= 64; j--)
			printf("Vendor Specific Fields"
				" [VENDOR_SPECIFIC_FIELD[%d]]: 0x%02x\n",
				j, ext_csd[j]);

		reg = ext_csd[63];
		printf("Native sector size [NATIVE_SECTOR_SIZE]: 0x%02x\n",
			reg);
		if (reg == 0x00)
			printf(" i.e. 512 B\n");
		else if (reg == 0x01)
			printf(" i.e. 4 KiB\n");
		else
			printf(" i.e. Reserved\n");

		printf("Sector size emulation [USE_NATIVE_SECTOR]: 0x%02x\n",
			ext_csd[62]);
		reg = ext_csd[61];
		printf("Sector size [DATA_SECTOR_SIZE]: 0x%02x\n", reg);
		if (reg == 0x00)
			printf(" i.e. 512 B\n");
		else if (reg == 0x01)
			printf(" i.e. 4 KiB\n");
		else
			printf(" i.e. Reserved\n");

		printf("1st initialization after disabling sector"
			" size emulation [INI_TIMEOUT_EMU]: 0x%02x\n",
			ext_csd[60]);
		printf("Class 6 commands control [CLASS_6_CTRL]: 0x%02x\n",
			ext_csd[59]);
		printf("Number of addressed group to be Released"
			"[DYNCAP_NEEDED]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[58]);
		printf("Exception events control"
			" [EXCEPTION_EVENTS_CTRL]: 0x%04x\n",
			(ext_csd[57] << 8) | ext_csd[56]);
		printf("Exception events status"
			"[EXCEPTION_EVENTS_STATUS]: 0x%04x\n",
			(ext_csd[55] << 8) | ext_csd[54]);
		printf("Extended Partitions Attribute"
			" [EXT_PARTITIONS_ATTRIBUTE]: 0x%04x\n",
			(ext_csd[53] << 8) | ext_csd[52]);

		for (j = 51; j >= 37; j--)
			printf("Context configuration"
				" [CONTEXT_CONF[%d]]: 0x%02x\n", j, ext_csd[j]);

		printf("Packed command status"
			" [PACKED_COMMAND_STATUS]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[36]);
		printf("Packed command failure index"
			" [PACKED_FAILURE_INDEX]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[35]);
		printf("Power Off Notification"
			" [POWER_OFF_NOTIFICATION]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[34]);
		printf("Control to turn the Cache ON/OFF"
			" [CACHE_CTRL]: 0x%02x\n", ext_csd[33]);
		/* flush_cache ext_csd[32] not readable */
		/*Reserved [31:0] */
	}
	if (ext_csd_rev >= 7) {
		printf("Mode config [MODE_CONFIG: 0x%02x]\n", ext_csd[30]);
		printf("Mode operation codes [MODE_OPERATION_CODES: 0x%02x]\n",
		       ext_csd[29]);

		reg = ext_csd[26];
		printf("FFU status [FFU_STATUS: 0x%02x]\n", reg);
		switch (reg) {
		case 0x00:
			printf(" Success\n");
			break;
		case 0x10:
			printf(" General error\n");
			break;
		case 0x11:
			printf(" Firmware install error\n");
			break;
		case 0x12:
			printf(" Error in downloading firmware\n");
			break;
		default:
			printf(" Reserved\n");
		}
		printf("Pre loading data size [PRE_LOADING_DATA_SIZE] is"
			" %d sector size\n",
		       get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[22]));
		printf("Max pre loading data size [MAX_PRE_LOADING_DATA_SIZE] is"
			" %d sector size\n",
		       get_word_from_ext_csd(&ext_csd[18]));
		printf("Product state awareness enablement"
			" [PRODUCT_STATE_AWARENESS_ENABLEMENT: 0x%02x]\n",
		       ext_csd[17]);
		printf("Secure Removal Type [SECURE_REMOVAL_TYPE: 0x%02x]\n",
		       ext_csd[16]);
	}

out_free:
	return ret;
}

int do_dump_extcsd(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	__u8 ext_csd[EXT_CSD_SIZE];
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;
	int i, j;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc extcsd dump </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			  exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("Failed to open mmc device");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = read_extcsd(fd, ext_csd);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not read EXT_CSD from %s\n", device);
		exit(1);
	}

	/* Dump all bytes so that any undecoded or proprietary registers */
	/* can be acessed. */
	printf("EXT_CSD binary dump:\n");
	for (i = 0; i < EXT_CSD_SIZE; i+= 16) {
		printf(" %3d: %3x:  ", i, i);
		for (j = 0; (j < 16) && (i + j < EXT_CSD_SIZE); j++) {
			printf(" %02x", ext_csd[i+j]);
		}
		printf("\n");
	}

	return ret;
}

int do_sanitize(int nargs, char **argv)
{
	int fd, ret;
	char *device;

	CHECK(nargs != 2, "Usage: mmc sanitize </path/to/mmcblkX>\n",
			exit(1));

	device = argv[1];

	fd = open(device, O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0) {
		perror("open");
		exit(1);
	}

	ret = write_extcsd_value(fd, EXT_CSD_SANITIZE_START, 1);
	if (ret) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not write 0x%02x to EXT_CSD[%d] in %s\n",
			1, EXT_CSD_SANITIZE_START, device);
		exit(1);
	}

	return ret;

}