chameleond/utils/bluetooth_hid.py

# Copyright 2016 The Chromium OS Authors. All rights reserved.
# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
# found in the LICENSE file.

"""This module provides emulation of bluetooth HID devices."""

import argparse
import logging
import sys
import time

from .bluetooth_peripheral_kit import PeripheralKit
from .bluetooth_rn42 import RN42
from .bluetooth_rn42 import RN42Exception
from chameleond.utils.bluetooth_nrf52 import nRF52

class BluetoothHIDException(Exception):
  """A dummpy exception class for Bluetooth HID class."""
  pass


class BluetoothHID(object):
  """A base bluetooth HID emulator class using RN-42 evaluation kit.

  Note: every public member method should
        return True or a non-None object if successful;
        return False or Raise an exception otherwise.
  """

  # TODO(josephsih): Find better way to use constants other than PeripheralKit
  TMP_PIN_CODE = '0000'     # A temporary pin code

  SEND_DELAY_SECS = 0.2     # Need to sleep for a short while otherwise
                            # the bits may get lost during transmission.
  INIT_SLEEP_SECS = 5       # Sleep after initialization for stabilization.

  def __init__(self, device_type, authentication_mode, kit_impl,
               send_delay=SEND_DELAY_SECS):
    """Initialization of BluetoothHID

    Args:
      device_type: the device type for emulation
      authentication_mode: the authentication mode
      kit_impl: the implementation of a peripheral kit to be instantiated
      send_delay: wait a while after sending data
    """
    self._kit = kit_impl()
    self.device_type = device_type
    self.authentication_mode = authentication_mode
    self.send_delay = send_delay

  # TODO(crbug.com/764055): Remove the use of __getattr__ after a refactor of
  # this class to only expose kit APIs explicitly.
  def __getattr__(self, name):
    """Gets the attribute of name from the owned peripheral kit instance

    Allows calling methods (or getting attributes in general) on this class or
    its subclasses that resolve to methods defined on the kit implementation.

    Args:
      name: The name of the attribute to be found.

    Returns:
      The attribute of the kit with given name, if it exists.
      (This is the default behavior and kits should follow it.)

    Raises:
      AttributeError if the attribute is not found.
      (This is the default behavior and kits should follow it.)
    """
    if name.startswith("Mouse"):
      error = "Kit API is not public. Use public API from BluetoothHIDMouse."
      raise AttributeError(error)
    return getattr(self._kit, name)

  def Init(self, factory_reset=True):
    """Initialize the chip correctly.

    Initialize the chip with proper HID register values.

    Args:
      factory_reset: True if a factory reset is needed.
                     False if we only want to reconnect the serial device.
    """
    # Create a new serial device every time since the serial driver
    # on chameleon board is not very stable.
    result = self.CreateSerialDevice()

    if factory_reset:
      # Enter command mode to issue commands.
      # This must happen first, so that other commands work
      result = self.EnterCommandMode() and result

      # Do a factory reset to make sure it is in a known initial state.
      # Do the factory reset before proceeding to set parameters below.
      result = self.FactoryReset() and result

      # Set HID as the service profile.
      result = self.SetServiceProfileHID() and result

      # Set the HID device type.
      result = self.SetHIDType(self.device_type) and result

      # Set the default class of service.
      result = self.SetDefaultClassOfService() and result

      # Set the class of device (CoD) according to the hid device type.
      result = self.SetClassOfDevice(self.device_type) and result

      # Set authentication to the specified mode.
      if self.authentication_mode != PeripheralKit.OPEN_MODE:
        result = self.SetAuthenticationMode(self.authentication_mode)\
          and result

      # Set RN-42 to work as a slave.
      result = self.SetSlaveMode() and result

      # Set a temporary pin code for testing purpose.
      # Only do this when we want to use a pin code.
      if self.authentication_mode == PeripheralKit.PIN_CODE_MODE:
        result = self.SetPinCode(self.TMP_PIN_CODE) and result

      # Enable the connection status message so that we could get the message
      # of connection/disconnection status.
      result = self.EnableConnectionStatusMessage() and result

      if not isinstance(self._kit, nRF52):
        # Reboot so that the configurations above take effect.
        result = self.Reboot() and result

        # Enter command mode again after reboot.
        result = self.EnterCommandMode() and result
      time.sleep(self.INIT_SLEEP_SECS)

    logging.info('A bluetooth HID "%s" device is connected.', self.device_type)
    return result


class BluetoothHIDKeyboard(BluetoothHID):
  """A bluetooth HID keyboard emulator class."""

  def __init__(self, authentication_mode, kit_impl):
    """Initialization of BluetoothHIDKeyboard

    Args:
      authentication_mode: the authentication mode
      kit_impl: the implementation of a Bluetooth HID peripheral kit to use
    """
    super(BluetoothHIDKeyboard, self).__init__(
        PeripheralKit.KEYBOARD, authentication_mode, kit_impl)

  def Send(self, data):
    """Send data to the remote host.

    Args:
      data: data to send to the remote host
            data could be either a string of printable ASCII characters or
            a special key combination.
    """
    # TODO(josephsih): should have a method to check the connection status.
    # Currently, once RN-42 is connected to a remote host, all characters
    # except chr(0) transmitted through the serial port are interpreted
    # as characters to send to the remote host.
    logging.debug('HID device sending %r...', data)
    self.SerialSendReceive(data, msg='BluetoothHID.Send')
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)

  def SendKeyCombination(self, modifiers=None, keys=None):
    """Send special key combinations to the remote host.

    Args:
      modifiers: a list of modifiers
      keys: a list of scan codes of keys
    """
    press_codes = self.PressShorthandCodes(modifiers=modifiers, keys=keys)
    release_codes = self.ReleaseShorthandCodes()
    if press_codes and release_codes:
      self.Send(press_codes)
      self.Send(release_codes)
    else:
      logging.warn('modifers: %s and keys: %s are not valid', modifiers, keys)
      return None


class BluetoothHIDMouse(BluetoothHID):
  """A bluetooth HID mouse emulator class."""

  # Max and min values for HID mouse report values
  HID_MAX_REPORT_VALUE = 127
  HID_MIN_REPORT_VALUE = -127

  def __init__(self, authentication_mode, kit_impl):
    """Initialization of BluetoothHIDMouse

    Args:
      authentication_mode: the authentication mode
      kit_impl: the implementation of a Bluetooth HID peripheral kit to use
    """
    super(BluetoothHIDMouse, self).__init__(
        PeripheralKit.MOUSE, authentication_mode, kit_impl)

  def _EnsureHIDValueInRange(self, value):
    """Ensures given value is in the range [-127,127] (inclusive).

    Args:
      value: The value that should be checked.

    Raises:
      BluetoothHIDException if value is outside of the acceptable range.
    """
    if value < self.HID_MIN_REPORT_VALUE or value > self.HID_MAX_REPORT_VALUE:
      error = "Value %s is outside of acceptable range [-127,127]." % value
      logging.error(error)
      raise BluetoothHIDException(error)

  def Move(self, delta_x=0, delta_y=0):
    """Move the mouse (delta_x, delta_y) steps.

    If buttons are being pressed, they will stay pressed during this operation.
    This move is relative to the current position by the HID standard.
    Valid step values must be in the range [-127,127].

    Args:
      delta_x: The number of steps to move horizontally.
               Negative values move left, positive values move right.
      delta_y: The number of steps to move vertically.
               Negative values move up, positive values move down.

    Raises:
      BluetoothHIDException if a given delta is not in [-127,127].
    """
    self._EnsureHIDValueInRange(delta_x)
    self._EnsureHIDValueInRange(delta_y)
    self._kit.MouseMove(delta_x, delta_y)
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)

  def _PressLeftButton(self):
    """Press the left button"""
    self._kit.MousePressButtons({PeripheralKit.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT})
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)

  def _PressRightButton(self):
    """Press the right button"""
    self._kit.MousePressButtons({PeripheralKit.MOUSE_BUTTON_RIGHT})
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)

  def _ReleaseAllButtons(self):
    """Press the right button"""
    self._kit.MouseReleaseAllButtons()
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)

  def LeftClick(self):
    """Make a left click."""
    self._PressLeftButton()
    self._ReleaseAllButtons()

  def RightClick(self):
    """Make a right click."""
    self._PressRightButton()
    self._ReleaseAllButtons()

  def ClickAndDrag(self, delta_x=0, delta_y=0):
    """Left click, drag (delta_x, delta_y) steps, and release.

    This move is relative to the current position by the HID standard.
    Valid step values must be in the range [-127,127].

    Args:
      delta_x: The number of steps to move horizontally.
               Negative values move left, positive values move right.
      delta_y: The number of steps to move vertically.
               Negative values move up, positive values move down.

    Raises:
      BluetoothHIDException if a given delta is not in [-127,127].
    """
    self._EnsureHIDValueInRange(delta_x)
    self._EnsureHIDValueInRange(delta_y)
    self._PressLeftButton()
    self.Move(delta_x, delta_y)
    self._ReleaseAllButtons()

  def Scroll(self, steps):
    """Scroll the mouse wheel steps number of steps.

    Buttons currently pressed will stay pressed during this operation.
    Valid step values must be in the range [-127,127].

    Args:
      steps: The number of steps to scroll the wheel.
             With traditional scrolling:
               Negative values scroll down, positive values scroll up.
             With reversed (formerly "Australian") scrolling this is reversed.
    """
    self._EnsureHIDValueInRange(steps)
    self._kit.MouseScroll(steps)
    time.sleep(self.send_delay)


def DemoBluetoothHIDKeyboard(remote_address, chars):
  """A simple demo of acting as a HID keyboard.

  This simple demo works only after the HID device has already paired
  with the remote device such that a link key has been exchanged. Then
  the HID device could connect directly to the remote host without
  pin code and sends the message.

  A full flow would be letting a remote host pair with the HID device
  with the pin code of the HID device. Thereafter, either the host or
  the HID device could request to connect. This is out of the scope of
  this simple demo.

  Args:
    remote_address: the bluetooth address of the target remote device
    chars: the characters to send
  """
  print('Creating an emulated bluetooth keyboard...')
  # TODO(josephsih): Refactor test code to remove need for RN42 import
  keyboard = BluetoothHIDKeyboard(PeripheralKit.PIN_CODE_MODE, RN42)
  keyboard.Init()

  print('Connecting to the remote address %s...' % remote_address)
  try:
    if keyboard.ConnectToRemoteAddress(remote_address):
      # Send printable ASCII strings a few times.
      for i in range(1, 4):
        print('Sending "%s" for the %dth time...' % (chars, i))
        keyboard.Send(chars + ' ' + str(i))

      # Demo special key combinations below.
      print('Create a new chrome tab.')
      keyboard.SendKeyCombination(modifiers=[RN42.LEFT_CTRL],
                                  keys=[RN42.SCAN_T])

      print('Navigate to Google page.')
      keyboard.Send('www.google.com')
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Search hello world.')
      keyboard.Send('hello world')
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Navigate back to the previous page.')
      keyboard.SendKeyCombination(keys=[RN42.SCAN_F1])
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Switch to the previous tab.')
      keyboard.SendKeyCombination(modifiers=[RN42.LEFT_CTRL, RN42.LEFT_SHIFT],
                                  keys=[RN42.SCAN_TAB])
    else:
      print('Something is wrong. Not able to connect to the remote address.')
      print('Have you already paired RN-42 with the remote host?')
  finally:
    print('Disconnecting...')
    keyboard.Disconnect()

  print('Closing the keyboard...')
  keyboard.Close()


def DemoBluetoothHIDMouse(remote_address):
  """A simple demo of acting as a HID mouse.

  Args:
    remote_address: the bluetooth address of the target remote device
  """
  print('Creating an emulated bluetooth mouse...')
  # TODO(josephsih): Refactor test code to remove need for RN42 import
  mouse = BluetoothHIDMouse(PeripheralKit.PIN_CODE_MODE, RN42)
  mouse.Init()

  connected = False
  print('Connecting to the remote address %s...' % remote_address)
  try:
    if mouse.ConnectToRemoteAddress(remote_address):
      connected = True

      print('Click and drag horizontally.')
      mouse.ClickAndDrag(delta_x=100)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Make a right click.')
      mouse.RightClick()
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Move the cursor upper left.')
      mouse.Move(delta_x=-30, delta_y=-40)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Make a left click.')
      mouse.LeftClick()
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Move the cursor left.')
      mouse.Move(delta_x=-100)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Move the cursor up.')
      mouse.Move(delta_y=-90)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Move the cursor down right.')
      mouse.Move(delta_x=100, delta_y=90)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Scroll in one direction.')
      mouse.Scroll(-80)
      time.sleep(1)

      print('Scroll in the opposite direction.')
      mouse.Scroll(100)
    else:
      print('Something is wrong. Not able to connect to the remote address.')
  finally:
    if connected:
      print('Disconnecting...')
      try:
        mouse.Disconnect()
      # TODO(josephsih): Refactor test code to remove need for RN42 import
      except RN42Exception:
        # RN-42 may have already disconnected.
        pass

  print('Closing the mouse...')
  mouse.Close()


def _Parse():
  """Parse the command line options."""
  prog = sys.argv[0]
  example_usage = ('Example:\n' +
                   '  python %s keyboard 00:11:22:33:44:55\n' % prog +
                   '  python %s mouse 00:11:22:33:44:55\n'% prog)
  parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
      description='Emulate a HID device.\n' + example_usage,
      formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter)
  parser.add_argument('device',
                      choices=['keyboard', 'mouse'],
                      help='the device type to emulate')
  parser.add_argument('remote_host_address',
                      help='the remote host address')
  parser.add_argument('-c', '--chars_to_send',
                      default='echo hello world',
                      help='characters to send to the remote host')
  args = parser.parse_args()

  if len(args.remote_host_address.replace(':', '')) != 12:
    print('"%s" is not a valid bluetooth address.' % args.remote_host_address)
    exit(1)

  print('Emulate a %s and connect to remote host at %s' %
        (args.device, args.remote_host_address))
  return args


def Demo():
  """Make demonstrations about how to use the HID emulation classes."""
  args = _Parse()
  device = args.device.lower()
  if device == 'keyboard':
    DemoBluetoothHIDKeyboard(args.remote_host_address, args.chars_to_send)
  elif device == 'mouse':
    DemoBluetoothHIDMouse(args.remote_host_address)
  else:
    args.print_help()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  Demo()