ACM2 integration with NetEq 4.

nack{.cc, .h, _unittest.cc} are basically copies from main/source/ folder, with cpplint warning cleaned up.

BUG=
R=andrew@webrtc.org

Review URL: https://webrtc-codereview.appspot.com/2190009

git-svn-id: http://webrtc.googlecode.com/svn/trunk@4736 4adac7df-926f-26a2-2b94-8c16560cd09d
diff --git a/webrtc/modules/audio_coding/main/acm2/nack.h b/webrtc/modules/audio_coding/main/acm2/nack.h
new file mode 100644
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+++ b/webrtc/modules/audio_coding/main/acm2/nack.h
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+/*
+ *  Copyright (c) 2013 The WebRTC project authors. All Rights Reserved.
+ *
+ *  Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
+ *  that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
+ *  tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
+ *  in the file PATENTS.  All contributing project authors may
+ *  be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
+ */
+
+#ifndef WEBRTC_MODULES_AUDIO_CODING_MAIN_SOURCE_NACK_H_
+#define WEBRTC_MODULES_AUDIO_CODING_MAIN_SOURCE_NACK_H_
+
+#include <vector>
+#include <map>
+
+#include "webrtc/modules/audio_coding/main/interface/audio_coding_module_typedefs.h"
+#include "webrtc/system_wrappers/interface/scoped_ptr.h"
+#include "webrtc/test/testsupport/gtest_prod_util.h"
+
+//
+// The Nack class keeps track of the lost packets, an estimate of time-to-play
+// for each packet is also given.
+//
+// Every time a packet is pushed into NetEq, LastReceivedPacket() has to be
+// called to update the NACK list.
+//
+// Every time 10ms audio is pulled from NetEq LastDecodedPacket() should be
+// called, and time-to-play is updated at that moment.
+//
+// If packet N is received, any packet prior to |N - NackThreshold| which is not
+// arrived is considered lost, and should be labeled as "missing" (the size of
+// the list might be limited and older packet eliminated from the list). Packets
+// |N - NackThreshold|, |N - NackThreshold + 1|, ..., |N - 1| are considered
+// "late." A "late" packet with sequence number K is changed to "missing" any
+// time a packet with sequence number newer than |K + NackList| is arrived.
+//
+// The Nack class has to know about the sample rate of the packets to compute
+// time-to-play. So sample rate should be set as soon as the first packet is
+// received. If there is a change in the receive codec (sender changes codec)
+// then Nack should be reset. This is because NetEQ would flush its buffer and
+// re-transmission is meaning less for old packet. Therefore, in that case,
+// after reset the sampling rate has to be updated.
+//
+// Thread Safety
+// =============
+// Please note that this class in not thread safe. The class must be protected
+// if different APIs are called from different threads.
+//
+namespace webrtc {
+
+class Nack {
+ public:
+  // A limit for the size of the NACK list.
+  static const size_t kNackListSizeLimit = 500;  // 10 seconds for 20 ms frame
+                                                 // packets.
+  // Factory method.
+  static Nack* Create(int nack_threshold_packets);
+
+  ~Nack() {}
+
+  // Set a maximum for the size of the NACK list. If the last received packet
+  // has sequence number of N, then NACK list will not contain any element
+  // with sequence number earlier than N - |max_nack_list_size|.
+  //
+  // The largest maximum size is defined by |kNackListSizeLimit|
+  int SetMaxNackListSize(size_t max_nack_list_size);
+
+  // Set the sampling rate.
+  //
+  // If associated sampling rate of the received packets is changed, call this
+  // function to update sampling rate. Note that if there is any change in
+  // received codec then NetEq will flush its buffer and NACK has to be reset.
+  // After Reset() is called sampling rate has to be set.
+  void UpdateSampleRate(int sample_rate_hz);
+
+  // Update the sequence number and the timestamp of the last decoded RTP. This
+  // API should be called every time 10 ms audio is pulled from NetEq.
+  void UpdateLastDecodedPacket(uint16_t sequence_number, uint32_t timestamp);
+
+  // Update the sequence number and the timestamp of the last received RTP. This
+  // API should be called every time a packet pushed into ACM.
+  void UpdateLastReceivedPacket(uint16_t sequence_number, uint32_t timestamp);
+
+  // Get a list of "missing" packets which have expected time-to-play larger
+  // than the given round-trip-time (in milliseconds).
+  // Note: Late packets are not included.
+  std::vector<uint16_t> GetNackList(int round_trip_time_ms) const;
+
+  // Reset to default values. The NACK list is cleared.
+  // |nack_threshold_packets_| & |max_nack_list_size_| preserve their values.
+  void Reset();
+
+ private:
+  // This test need to access the private method GetNackList().
+  FRIEND_TEST_ALL_PREFIXES(NackTest, EstimateTimestampAndTimeToPlay);
+
+  struct NackElement {
+    NackElement(int initial_time_to_play_ms,
+                uint32_t initial_timestamp,
+                bool missing)
+        : time_to_play_ms(initial_time_to_play_ms),
+          estimated_timestamp(initial_timestamp),
+          is_missing(missing) {}
+
+    // Estimated time (ms) left for this packet to be decoded. This estimate is
+    // updated every time jitter buffer decodes a packet.
+    int time_to_play_ms;
+
+    // A guess about the timestamp of the missing packet, it is used for
+    // estimation of |time_to_play_ms|. The estimate might be slightly wrong if
+    // there has been frame-size change since the last received packet and the
+    // missing packet. However, the risk of this is low, and in case of such
+    // errors, there will be a minor misestimation in time-to-play of missing
+    // packets. This will have a very minor effect on NACK performance.
+    uint32_t estimated_timestamp;
+
+    // True if the packet is considered missing. Otherwise indicates packet is
+    // late.
+    bool is_missing;
+  };
+
+  class NackListCompare {
+   public:
+    bool operator() (uint16_t sequence_number_old,
+                     uint16_t sequence_number_new) const {
+      return IsNewerSequenceNumber(sequence_number_new, sequence_number_old);
+    }
+  };
+
+  typedef std::map<uint16_t, NackElement, NackListCompare> NackList;
+
+  // Constructor.
+  explicit Nack(int nack_threshold_packets);
+
+  // This API is used only for testing to assess whether time-to-play is
+  // computed correctly.
+  NackList GetNackList() const;
+
+  // Given the |sequence_number_current_received_rtp| of currently received RTP,
+  // recognize packets which are not arrive and add to the list.
+  void AddToList(uint16_t sequence_number_current_received_rtp);
+
+  // This function subtracts 10 ms of time-to-play for all packets in NACK list.
+  // This is called when 10 ms elapsed with no new RTP packet decoded.
+  void UpdateEstimatedPlayoutTimeBy10ms();
+
+  // Given the |sequence_number_current_received_rtp| and
+  // |timestamp_current_received_rtp| of currently received RTP update number
+  // of samples per packet.
+  void UpdateSamplesPerPacket(uint16_t sequence_number_current_received_rtp,
+                              uint32_t timestamp_current_received_rtp);
+
+  // Given the |sequence_number_current_received_rtp| of currently received RTP
+  // update the list. That is; some packets will change from late to missing,
+  // some packets are inserted as missing and some inserted as late.
+  void UpdateList(uint16_t sequence_number_current_received_rtp);
+
+  // Packets which are considered late for too long (according to
+  // |nack_threshold_packets_|) are flagged as missing.
+  void ChangeFromLateToMissing(uint16_t sequence_number_current_received_rtp);
+
+  // Packets which have sequence number older that
+  // |sequence_num_last_received_rtp_| - |max_nack_list_size_| are removed
+  // from the NACK list.
+  void LimitNackListSize();
+
+  // Estimate timestamp of a missing packet given its sequence number.
+  uint32_t EstimateTimestamp(uint16_t sequence_number);
+
+  // Compute time-to-play given a timestamp.
+  int TimeToPlay(uint32_t timestamp) const;
+
+  // If packet N is arrived, any packet prior to N - |nack_threshold_packets_|
+  // which is not arrived is considered missing, and should be in NACK list.
+  // Also any packet in the range of N-1 and N - |nack_threshold_packets_|,
+  // exclusive, which is not arrived is considered late, and should should be
+  // in the list of late packets.
+  const int nack_threshold_packets_;
+
+  // Valid if a packet is received.
+  uint16_t sequence_num_last_received_rtp_;
+  uint32_t timestamp_last_received_rtp_;
+  bool any_rtp_received_;  // If any packet received.
+
+  // Valid if a packet is decoded.
+  uint16_t sequence_num_last_decoded_rtp_;
+  uint32_t timestamp_last_decoded_rtp_;
+  bool any_rtp_decoded_;  // If any packet decoded.
+
+  int sample_rate_khz_;  // Sample rate in kHz.
+
+  // Number of samples per packet. We update this every time we receive a
+  // packet, not only for consecutive packets.
+  int samples_per_packet_;
+
+  // A list of missing packets to be retransmitted. Components of the list
+  // contain the sequence number of missing packets and the estimated time that
+  // each pack is going to be played out.
+  NackList nack_list_;
+
+  // NACK list will not keep track of missing packets prior to
+  // |sequence_num_last_received_rtp_| - |max_nack_list_size_|.
+  size_t max_nack_list_size_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace webrtc
+
+#endif  // WEBRTC_MODULES_AUDIO_CODING_MAIN_SOURCE_NACK_H_