subcmds/sync.py

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright (C) 2008 The Android Open Source Project
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

from __future__ import print_function

import errno
import json
import netrc
from optparse import SUPPRESS_HELP
import os
import re
import socket
import subprocess
import sys
import tempfile
import time

from pyversion import is_python3
if is_python3():
  import http.cookiejar as cookielib
  import urllib.error
  import urllib.parse
  import urllib.request
  import xmlrpc.client
else:
  import cookielib
  import imp
  import urllib2
  import urlparse
  import xmlrpclib
  urllib = imp.new_module('urllib')
  urllib.error = urllib2
  urllib.parse = urlparse
  urllib.request = urllib2
  xmlrpc = imp.new_module('xmlrpc')
  xmlrpc.client = xmlrpclib

try:
  import threading as _threading
except ImportError:
  import dummy_threading as _threading

try:
  import resource

  def _rlimit_nofile():
    return resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_NOFILE)
except ImportError:
  def _rlimit_nofile():
    return (256, 256)

try:
  import multiprocessing
except ImportError:
  multiprocessing = None

import event_log
from git_command import GIT, git_require
from git_config import GetUrlCookieFile
from git_refs import R_HEADS, HEAD
import gitc_utils
from project import Project
from project import RemoteSpec
from command import Command, MirrorSafeCommand
from error import RepoChangedException, GitError, ManifestParseError
import platform_utils
from project import SyncBuffer
from progress import Progress
from wrapper import Wrapper
from manifest_xml import GitcManifest

_ONE_DAY_S = 24 * 60 * 60


class _FetchError(Exception):
  """Internal error thrown in _FetchHelper() when we don't want stack trace."""
  pass


class _CheckoutError(Exception):
  """Internal error thrown in _CheckoutOne() when we don't want stack trace."""


class Sync(Command, MirrorSafeCommand):
  jobs = 1
  common = True
  helpSummary = "Update working tree to the latest revision"
  helpUsage = """
%prog [<project>...]
"""
  helpDescription = """
The '%prog' command synchronizes local project directories
with the remote repositories specified in the manifest.  If a local
project does not yet exist, it will clone a new local directory from
the remote repository and set up tracking branches as specified in
the manifest.  If the local project already exists, '%prog'
will update the remote branches and rebase any new local changes
on top of the new remote changes.

'%prog' will synchronize all projects listed at the command
line.  Projects can be specified either by name, or by a relative
or absolute path to the project's local directory. If no projects
are specified, '%prog' will synchronize all projects listed in
the manifest.

The -d/--detach option can be used to switch specified projects
back to the manifest revision.  This option is especially helpful
if the project is currently on a topic branch, but the manifest
revision is temporarily needed.

The -s/--smart-sync option can be used to sync to a known good
build as specified by the manifest-server element in the current
manifest. The -t/--smart-tag option is similar and allows you to
specify a custom tag/label.

The -u/--manifest-server-username and -p/--manifest-server-password
options can be used to specify a username and password to authenticate
with the manifest server when using the -s or -t option.

If -u and -p are not specified when using the -s or -t option, '%prog'
will attempt to read authentication credentials for the manifest server
from the user's .netrc file.

'%prog' will not use authentication credentials from -u/-p or .netrc
if the manifest server specified in the manifest file already includes
credentials.

By default, all projects will be synced. The --fail-fast option can be used
to halt syncing as soon as possible when the the first project fails to sync.

The --force-sync option can be used to overwrite existing git
directories if they have previously been linked to a different
object direcotry. WARNING: This may cause data to be lost since
refs may be removed when overwriting.

The --force-remove-dirty option can be used to remove previously used
projects with uncommitted changes. WARNING: This may cause data to be
lost since uncommitted changes may be removed with projects that no longer
exist in the manifest.

The --no-clone-bundle option disables any attempt to use
$URL/clone.bundle to bootstrap a new Git repository from a
resumeable bundle file on a content delivery network. This
may be necessary if there are problems with the local Python
HTTP client or proxy configuration, but the Git binary works.

The --fetch-submodules option enables fetching Git submodules
of a project from server.

The -c/--current-branch option can be used to only fetch objects that
are on the branch specified by a project's revision.

The --optimized-fetch option can be used to only fetch projects that
are fixed to a sha1 revision if the sha1 revision does not already
exist locally.

The --prune option can be used to remove any refs that no longer
exist on the remote.

# SSH Connections

If at least one project remote URL uses an SSH connection (ssh://,
git+ssh://, or user@host:path syntax) repo will automatically
enable the SSH ControlMaster option when connecting to that host.
This feature permits other projects in the same '%prog' session to
reuse the same SSH tunnel, saving connection setup overheads.

To disable this behavior on UNIX platforms, set the GIT_SSH
environment variable to 'ssh'.  For example:

  export GIT_SSH=ssh
  %prog

# Compatibility

This feature is automatically disabled on Windows, due to the lack
of UNIX domain socket support.

This feature is not compatible with url.insteadof rewrites in the
user's ~/.gitconfig.  '%prog' is currently not able to perform the
rewrite early enough to establish the ControlMaster tunnel.

If the remote SSH daemon is Gerrit Code Review, version 2.0.10 or
later is required to fix a server side protocol bug.

"""

  def _Options(self, p, show_smart=True):
    try:
      self.jobs = self.manifest.default.sync_j
    except ManifestParseError:
      self.jobs = 1

    p.add_option('-f', '--force-broken',
                 dest='force_broken', action='store_true',
                 help='obsolete option (to be deleted in the future)')
    p.add_option('--fail-fast',
                 dest='fail_fast', action='store_true',
                 help='stop syncing after first error is hit')
    p.add_option('--force-sync',
                 dest='force_sync', action='store_true',
                 help="overwrite an existing git directory if it needs to "
                      "point to a different object directory. WARNING: this "
                      "may cause loss of data")
    p.add_option('--force-remove-dirty',
                 dest='force_remove_dirty', action='store_true',
                 help="force remove projects with uncommitted modifications if "
                      "projects no longer exist in the manifest. "
                      "WARNING: this may cause loss of data")
    p.add_option('-l', '--local-only',
                 dest='local_only', action='store_true',
                 help="only update working tree, don't fetch")
    p.add_option('--no-manifest-update', '--nmu',
                 dest='mp_update', action='store_false', default='true',
                 help='use the existing manifest checkout as-is. '
                      '(do not update to the latest revision)')
    p.add_option('-n', '--network-only',
                 dest='network_only', action='store_true',
                 help="fetch only, don't update working tree")
    p.add_option('-d', '--detach',
                 dest='detach_head', action='store_true',
                 help='detach projects back to manifest revision')
    p.add_option('-c', '--current-branch',
                 dest='current_branch_only', action='store_true',
                 help='fetch only current branch from server')
    p.add_option('-v', '--verbose',
                 dest='output_mode', action='store_true',
                 help='show all sync output')
    p.add_option('-q', '--quiet',
                 dest='output_mode', action='store_false',
                 help='only show errors')
    p.add_option('-j', '--jobs',
                 dest='jobs', action='store', type='int',
                 help="projects to fetch simultaneously (default %d)" % self.jobs)
    p.add_option('-m', '--manifest-name',
                 dest='manifest_name',
                 help='temporary manifest to use for this sync', metavar='NAME.xml')
    p.add_option('--no-clone-bundle',
                 dest='clone_bundle', default=True, action='store_false',
                 help='disable use of /clone.bundle on HTTP/HTTPS')
    p.add_option('-u', '--manifest-server-username', action='store',
                 dest='manifest_server_username',
                 help='username to authenticate with the manifest server')
    p.add_option('-p', '--manifest-server-password', action='store',
                 dest='manifest_server_password',
                 help='password to authenticate with the manifest server')
    p.add_option('--fetch-submodules',
                 dest='fetch_submodules', action='store_true',
                 help='fetch submodules from server')
    p.add_option('--no-tags',
                 dest='tags', default=True, action='store_false',
                 help="don't fetch tags")
    p.add_option('--optimized-fetch',
                 dest='optimized_fetch', action='store_true',
                 help='only fetch projects fixed to sha1 if revision does not exist locally')
    p.add_option('--prune', dest='prune', action='store_true',
                 help='delete refs that no longer exist on the remote')
    if show_smart:
      p.add_option('-s', '--smart-sync',
                   dest='smart_sync', action='store_true',
                   help='smart sync using manifest from the latest known good build')
      p.add_option('-t', '--smart-tag',
                   dest='smart_tag', action='store',
                   help='smart sync using manifest from a known tag')

    g = p.add_option_group('repo Version options')
    g.add_option('--no-repo-verify',
                 dest='repo_verify', default=True, action='store_false',
                 help='do not verify repo source code')
    g.add_option('--repo-upgraded',
                 dest='repo_upgraded', action='store_true',
                 help=SUPPRESS_HELP)

  def _FetchProjectList(self, opt, projects, sem, *args, **kwargs):
    """Main function of the fetch threads.

    Delegates most of the work to _FetchHelper.

    Args:
      opt: Program options returned from optparse.  See _Options().
      projects: Projects to fetch.
      sem: We'll release() this semaphore when we exit so that another thread
          can be started up.
      *args, **kwargs: Remaining arguments to pass to _FetchHelper. See the
          _FetchHelper docstring for details.
    """
    try:
        for project in projects:
          success = self._FetchHelper(opt, project, *args, **kwargs)
          if not success and opt.fail_fast:
            break
    finally:
        sem.release()

  def _FetchHelper(self, opt, project, lock, fetched, pm, err_event,
                   clone_filter):
    """Fetch git objects for a single project.

    Args:
      opt: Program options returned from optparse.  See _Options().
      project: Project object for the project to fetch.
      lock: Lock for accessing objects that are shared amongst multiple
          _FetchHelper() threads.
      fetched: set object that we will add project.gitdir to when we're done
          (with our lock held).
      pm: Instance of a Project object.  We will call pm.update() (with our
          lock held).
      err_event: We'll set this event in the case of an error (after printing
          out info about the error).
      clone_filter: Filter for use in a partial clone.

    Returns:
      Whether the fetch was successful.
    """
    # We'll set to true once we've locked the lock.
    did_lock = False

    # Encapsulate everything in a try/except/finally so that:
    # - We always set err_event in the case of an exception.
    # - We always make sure we unlock the lock if we locked it.
    start = time.time()
    success = False
    try:
      try:
        success = project.Sync_NetworkHalf(
            quiet=opt.quiet,
            verbose=opt.verbose,
            current_branch_only=opt.current_branch_only,
            force_sync=opt.force_sync,
            clone_bundle=opt.clone_bundle,
            tags=opt.tags, archive=self.manifest.IsArchive,
            optimized_fetch=opt.optimized_fetch,
            prune=opt.prune,
            clone_filter=clone_filter)
        self._fetch_times.Set(project, time.time() - start)

        # Lock around all the rest of the code, since printing, updating a set
        # and Progress.update() are not thread safe.
        lock.acquire()
        did_lock = True

        if not success:
          err_event.set()
          print('error: Cannot fetch %s from %s'
                % (project.name, project.remote.url),
                file=sys.stderr)
          if opt.fail_fast:
            raise _FetchError()

        fetched.add(project.gitdir)
        pm.update(msg=project.name)
      except _FetchError:
        pass
      except Exception as e:
        print('error: Cannot fetch %s (%s: %s)'
              % (project.name, type(e).__name__, str(e)), file=sys.stderr)
        err_event.set()
        raise
    finally:
      if did_lock:
        lock.release()
      finish = time.time()
      self.event_log.AddSync(project, event_log.TASK_SYNC_NETWORK,
                             start, finish, success)

    return success

  def _Fetch(self, projects, opt, err_event):
    fetched = set()
    lock = _threading.Lock()
    pm = Progress('Fetching projects', len(projects),
                  always_print_percentage=opt.quiet)

    objdir_project_map = dict()
    for project in projects:
      objdir_project_map.setdefault(project.objdir, []).append(project)

    threads = set()
    sem = _threading.Semaphore(self.jobs)
    for project_list in objdir_project_map.values():
      # Check for any errors before running any more tasks.
      # ...we'll let existing threads finish, though.
      if err_event.isSet() and opt.fail_fast:
        break

      sem.acquire()
      kwargs = dict(opt=opt,
                    projects=project_list,
                    sem=sem,
                    lock=lock,
                    fetched=fetched,
                    pm=pm,
                    err_event=err_event,
                    clone_filter=self.manifest.CloneFilter)
      if self.jobs > 1:
        t = _threading.Thread(target=self._FetchProjectList,
                              kwargs=kwargs)
        # Ensure that Ctrl-C will not freeze the repo process.
        t.daemon = True
        threads.add(t)
        t.start()
      else:
        self._FetchProjectList(**kwargs)

    for t in threads:
      t.join()

    pm.end()
    self._fetch_times.Save()

    if not self.manifest.IsArchive:
      self._GCProjects(projects, opt, err_event)

    return fetched

  def _CheckoutWorker(self, opt, sem, project, *args, **kwargs):
    """Main function of the fetch threads.

    Delegates most of the work to _CheckoutOne.

    Args:
      opt: Program options returned from optparse.  See _Options().
      projects: Projects to fetch.
      sem: We'll release() this semaphore when we exit so that another thread
          can be started up.
      *args, **kwargs: Remaining arguments to pass to _CheckoutOne. See the
          _CheckoutOne docstring for details.
    """
    try:
      return self._CheckoutOne(opt, project, *args, **kwargs)
    finally:
      sem.release()

  def _CheckoutOne(self, opt, project, lock, pm, err_event, err_results):
    """Checkout work tree for one project

    Args:
      opt: Program options returned from optparse.  See _Options().
      project: Project object for the project to checkout.
      lock: Lock for accessing objects that are shared amongst multiple
          _CheckoutWorker() threads.
      pm: Instance of a Project object.  We will call pm.update() (with our
          lock held).
      err_event: We'll set this event in the case of an error (after printing
          out info about the error).
      err_results: A list of strings, paths to git repos where checkout
          failed.

    Returns:
      Whether the fetch was successful.
    """
    # We'll set to true once we've locked the lock.
    did_lock = False

    # Encapsulate everything in a try/except/finally so that:
    # - We always set err_event in the case of an exception.
    # - We always make sure we unlock the lock if we locked it.
    start = time.time()
    syncbuf = SyncBuffer(self.manifest.manifestProject.config,
                         detach_head=opt.detach_head)
    success = False
    try:
      try:
        project.Sync_LocalHalf(syncbuf, force_sync=opt.force_sync)

        # Lock around all the rest of the code, since printing, updating a set
        # and Progress.update() are not thread safe.
        lock.acquire()
        success = syncbuf.Finish()
        did_lock = True

        if not success:
          err_event.set()
          print('error: Cannot checkout %s' % (project.name),
                file=sys.stderr)
          raise _CheckoutError()

        pm.update(msg=project.name)
      except _CheckoutError:
        pass
      except Exception as e:
        print('error: Cannot checkout %s: %s: %s' %
              (project.name, type(e).__name__, str(e)),
              file=sys.stderr)
        err_event.set()
        raise
    finally:
      if did_lock:
        if not success:
          err_results.append(project.relpath)
        lock.release()
      finish = time.time()
      self.event_log.AddSync(project, event_log.TASK_SYNC_LOCAL,
                             start, finish, success)

    return success

  def _Checkout(self, all_projects, opt, err_event, err_results):
    """Checkout projects listed in all_projects

    Args:
      all_projects: List of all projects that should be checked out.
      opt: Program options returned from optparse.  See _Options().
      err_event: We'll set this event in the case of an error (after printing
          out info about the error).
      err_results: A list of strings, paths to git repos where checkout
          failed.
    """

    # Perform checkouts in multiple threads when we are using partial clone.
    # Without partial clone, all needed git objects are already downloaded,
    # in this situation it's better to use only one process because the checkout
    # would be mostly disk I/O; with partial clone, the objects are only
    # downloaded when demanded (at checkout time), which is similar to the
    # Sync_NetworkHalf case and parallelism would be helpful.
    if self.manifest.CloneFilter:
      syncjobs = self.jobs
    else:
      syncjobs = 1

    lock = _threading.Lock()
    pm = Progress('Checking out projects', len(all_projects))

    threads = set()
    sem = _threading.Semaphore(syncjobs)

    for project in all_projects:
      # Check for any errors before running any more tasks.
      # ...we'll let existing threads finish, though.
      if err_event.isSet() and opt.fail_fast:
        break

      sem.acquire()
      if project.worktree:
        kwargs = dict(opt=opt,
                      sem=sem,
                      project=project,
                      lock=lock,
                      pm=pm,
                      err_event=err_event,
                      err_results=err_results)
        if syncjobs > 1:
          t = _threading.Thread(target=self._CheckoutWorker,
                                kwargs=kwargs)
          # Ensure that Ctrl-C will not freeze the repo process.
          t.daemon = True
          threads.add(t)
          t.start()
        else:
          self._CheckoutWorker(**kwargs)

    for t in threads:
      t.join()

    pm.end()

  def _GCProjects(self, projects, opt, err_event):
    gc_gitdirs = {}
    for project in projects:
      # Make sure pruning never kicks in with shared projects.
      if (not project.use_git_worktrees and
          len(project.manifest.GetProjectsWithName(project.name)) > 1):
        print('%s: Shared project %s found, disabling pruning.' %
              (project.relpath, project.name))
        if git_require((2, 7, 0)):
          project.EnableRepositoryExtension('preciousObjects')
        else:
          # This isn't perfect, but it's the best we can do with old git.
          print('%s: WARNING: shared projects are unreliable when using old '
                'versions of git; please upgrade to git-2.7.0+.'
                % (project.relpath,),
                file=sys.stderr)
          project.config.SetString('gc.pruneExpire', 'never')
      gc_gitdirs[project.gitdir] = project.bare_git

    if multiprocessing:
      cpu_count = multiprocessing.cpu_count()
    else:
      cpu_count = 1
    jobs = min(self.jobs, cpu_count)

    if jobs < 2:
      for bare_git in gc_gitdirs.values():
        bare_git.gc('--auto')
      return

    config = {'pack.threads': cpu_count // jobs if cpu_count > jobs else 1}

    threads = set()
    sem = _threading.Semaphore(jobs)

    def GC(bare_git):
      try:
        try:
          bare_git.gc('--auto', config=config)
        except GitError:
          err_event.set()
        except Exception:
          err_event.set()
          raise
      finally:
        sem.release()

    for bare_git in gc_gitdirs.values():
      if err_event.isSet() and opt.fail_fast:
        break
      sem.acquire()
      t = _threading.Thread(target=GC, args=(bare_git,))
      t.daemon = True
      threads.add(t)
      t.start()

    for t in threads:
      t.join()

  def _ReloadManifest(self, manifest_name=None):
    if manifest_name:
      # Override calls _Unload already
      self.manifest.Override(manifest_name)
    else:
      self.manifest._Unload()

  def _DeleteProject(self, path):
    print('Deleting obsolete path %s' % path, file=sys.stderr)

    # Delete the .git directory first, so we're less likely to have a partially
    # working git repository around. There shouldn't be any git projects here,
    # so rmtree works.
    dotgit = os.path.join(path, '.git')
    # Try to remove plain files first in case of git worktrees.  If this fails
    # for any reason, we'll fall back to rmtree, and that'll display errors if
    # it can't remove things either.
    try:
      platform_utils.remove(dotgit)
    except OSError:
      pass
    try:
      platform_utils.rmtree(dotgit)
    except OSError as e:
      if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
        print('error: %s: %s' % (dotgit, str(e)), file=sys.stderr)
        print('error: %s: Failed to delete obsolete path; remove manually, then '
              'run sync again' % (path,), file=sys.stderr)
        return 1

    # Delete everything under the worktree, except for directories that contain
    # another git project
    dirs_to_remove = []
    failed = False
    for root, dirs, files in platform_utils.walk(path):
      for f in files:
        try:
          platform_utils.remove(os.path.join(root, f))
        except OSError as e:
          print('Failed to remove %s (%s)' % (os.path.join(root, f), str(e)), file=sys.stderr)
          failed = True
      dirs[:] = [d for d in dirs
                 if not os.path.lexists(os.path.join(root, d, '.git'))]
      dirs_to_remove += [os.path.join(root, d) for d in dirs
                         if os.path.join(root, d) not in dirs_to_remove]
    for d in reversed(dirs_to_remove):
      if platform_utils.islink(d):
        try:
          platform_utils.remove(d)
        except OSError as e:
          print('Failed to remove %s (%s)' % (os.path.join(root, d), str(e)), file=sys.stderr)
          failed = True
      elif len(platform_utils.listdir(d)) == 0:
        try:
          platform_utils.rmdir(d)
        except OSError as e:
          print('Failed to remove %s (%s)' % (os.path.join(root, d), str(e)), file=sys.stderr)
          failed = True
          continue
    if failed:
      print('error: Failed to delete obsolete path %s' % path, file=sys.stderr)
      print('       remove manually, then run sync again', file=sys.stderr)
      return 1

    # Try deleting parent dirs if they are empty
    project_dir = path
    while project_dir != self.manifest.topdir:
      if len(platform_utils.listdir(project_dir)) == 0:
        platform_utils.rmdir(project_dir)
      else:
        break
      project_dir = os.path.dirname(project_dir)

    return 0

  def UpdateProjectList(self, opt):
    new_project_paths = []
    for project in self.GetProjects(None, missing_ok=True):
      if project.relpath:
        new_project_paths.append(project.relpath)
    file_name = 'project.list'
    file_path = os.path.join(self.manifest.repodir, file_name)
    old_project_paths = []

    if os.path.exists(file_path):
      with open(file_path, 'r') as fd:
        old_project_paths = fd.read().split('\n')
      # In reversed order, so subfolders are deleted before parent folder.
      for path in sorted(old_project_paths, reverse=True):
        if not path:
          continue
        if path not in new_project_paths:
          # If the path has already been deleted, we don't need to do it
          gitdir = os.path.join(self.manifest.topdir, path, '.git')
          if os.path.exists(gitdir):
            project = Project(
                manifest=self.manifest,
                name=path,
                remote=RemoteSpec('origin'),
                gitdir=gitdir,
                objdir=gitdir,
                worktree=os.path.join(self.manifest.topdir, path),
                relpath=path,
                revisionExpr='HEAD',
                revisionId=None,
                groups=None)

            if project.IsDirty() and opt.force_remove_dirty:
              print('WARNING: Removing dirty project "%s": uncommitted changes '
                    'erased' % project.relpath, file=sys.stderr)
              self._DeleteProject(project.worktree)
            elif project.IsDirty():
              print('error: Cannot remove project "%s": uncommitted changes '
                    'are present' % project.relpath, file=sys.stderr)
              print('       commit changes, then run sync again',
                    file=sys.stderr)
              return 1
            elif self._DeleteProject(project.worktree):
              return 1

    new_project_paths.sort()
    with open(file_path, 'w') as fd:
      fd.write('\n'.join(new_project_paths))
      fd.write('\n')
    return 0

  def _SmartSyncSetup(self, opt, smart_sync_manifest_path):
    if not self.manifest.manifest_server:
      print('error: cannot smart sync: no manifest server defined in '
            'manifest', file=sys.stderr)
      sys.exit(1)

    manifest_server = self.manifest.manifest_server
    if not opt.quiet:
      print('Using manifest server %s' % manifest_server)

    if '@' not in manifest_server:
      username = None
      password = None
      if opt.manifest_server_username and opt.manifest_server_password:
        username = opt.manifest_server_username
        password = opt.manifest_server_password
      else:
        try:
          info = netrc.netrc()
        except IOError:
          # .netrc file does not exist or could not be opened
          pass
        else:
          try:
            parse_result = urllib.parse.urlparse(manifest_server)
            if parse_result.hostname:
              auth = info.authenticators(parse_result.hostname)
              if auth:
                username, _account, password = auth
              else:
                print('No credentials found for %s in .netrc'
                      % parse_result.hostname, file=sys.stderr)
          except netrc.NetrcParseError as e:
            print('Error parsing .netrc file: %s' % e, file=sys.stderr)

      if (username and password):
        manifest_server = manifest_server.replace('://', '://%s:%s@' %
                                                  (username, password),
                                                  1)

    transport = PersistentTransport(manifest_server)
    if manifest_server.startswith('persistent-'):
      manifest_server = manifest_server[len('persistent-'):]

    try:
      server = xmlrpc.client.Server(manifest_server, transport=transport)
      if opt.smart_sync:
        p = self.manifest.manifestProject
        b = p.GetBranch(p.CurrentBranch)
        branch = b.merge
        if branch.startswith(R_HEADS):
          branch = branch[len(R_HEADS):]

        if 'SYNC_TARGET' in os.environ:
          target = os.environ('SYNC_TARGET')
          [success, manifest_str] = server.GetApprovedManifest(branch, target)
        elif ('TARGET_PRODUCT' in os.environ and
              'TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT' in os.environ):
          target = '%s-%s' % (os.environ('TARGET_PRODUCT'),
                              os.environ('TARGET_BUILD_VARIANT'))
          [success, manifest_str] = server.GetApprovedManifest(branch, target)
        else:
          [success, manifest_str] = server.GetApprovedManifest(branch)
      else:
        assert(opt.smart_tag)
        [success, manifest_str] = server.GetManifest(opt.smart_tag)

      if success:
        manifest_name = os.path.basename(smart_sync_manifest_path)
        try:
          with open(smart_sync_manifest_path, 'w') as f:
            f.write(manifest_str)
        except IOError as e:
          print('error: cannot write manifest to %s:\n%s'
                % (smart_sync_manifest_path, e),
                file=sys.stderr)
          sys.exit(1)
        self._ReloadManifest(manifest_name)
      else:
        print('error: manifest server RPC call failed: %s' %
              manifest_str, file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(1)
    except (socket.error, IOError, xmlrpc.client.Fault) as e:
      print('error: cannot connect to manifest server %s:\n%s'
            % (self.manifest.manifest_server, e), file=sys.stderr)
      sys.exit(1)
    except xmlrpc.client.ProtocolError as e:
      print('error: cannot connect to manifest server %s:\n%d %s'
            % (self.manifest.manifest_server, e.errcode, e.errmsg),
            file=sys.stderr)
      sys.exit(1)

    return manifest_name

  def _UpdateManifestProject(self, opt, mp, manifest_name):
    """Fetch & update the local manifest project."""
    if not opt.local_only:
      start = time.time()
      success = mp.Sync_NetworkHalf(quiet=opt.quiet, verbose=opt.verbose,
                                    current_branch_only=opt.current_branch_only,
                                    tags=opt.tags,
                                    optimized_fetch=opt.optimized_fetch,
                                    submodules=self.manifest.HasSubmodules,
                                    clone_filter=self.manifest.CloneFilter)
      finish = time.time()
      self.event_log.AddSync(mp, event_log.TASK_SYNC_NETWORK,
                             start, finish, success)

    if mp.HasChanges:
      syncbuf = SyncBuffer(mp.config)
      start = time.time()
      mp.Sync_LocalHalf(syncbuf, submodules=self.manifest.HasSubmodules)
      clean = syncbuf.Finish()
      self.event_log.AddSync(mp, event_log.TASK_SYNC_LOCAL,
                             start, time.time(), clean)
      if not clean:
        sys.exit(1)
      self._ReloadManifest(opt.manifest_name)
      if opt.jobs is None:
        self.jobs = self.manifest.default.sync_j

  def ValidateOptions(self, opt, args):
    if opt.force_broken:
      print('warning: -f/--force-broken is now the default behavior, and the '
            'options are deprecated', file=sys.stderr)
    if opt.network_only and opt.detach_head:
      self.OptionParser.error('cannot combine -n and -d')
    if opt.network_only and opt.local_only:
      self.OptionParser.error('cannot combine -n and -l')
    if opt.manifest_name and opt.smart_sync:
      self.OptionParser.error('cannot combine -m and -s')
    if opt.manifest_name and opt.smart_tag:
      self.OptionParser.error('cannot combine -m and -t')
    if opt.manifest_server_username or opt.manifest_server_password:
      if not (opt.smart_sync or opt.smart_tag):
        self.OptionParser.error('-u and -p may only be combined with -s or -t')
      if None in [opt.manifest_server_username, opt.manifest_server_password]:
        self.OptionParser.error('both -u and -p must be given')

  def Execute(self, opt, args):
    if opt.jobs:
      self.jobs = opt.jobs
    if self.jobs > 1:
      soft_limit, _ = _rlimit_nofile()
      self.jobs = min(self.jobs, (soft_limit - 5) // 3)

    opt.quiet = opt.output_mode is False
    opt.verbose = opt.output_mode is True

    if opt.manifest_name:
      self.manifest.Override(opt.manifest_name)

    manifest_name = opt.manifest_name
    smart_sync_manifest_path = os.path.join(
        self.manifest.manifestProject.worktree, 'smart_sync_override.xml')

    if opt.smart_sync or opt.smart_tag:
      manifest_name = self._SmartSyncSetup(opt, smart_sync_manifest_path)
    else:
      if os.path.isfile(smart_sync_manifest_path):
        try:
          platform_utils.remove(smart_sync_manifest_path)
        except OSError as e:
          print('error: failed to remove existing smart sync override manifest: %s' %
                e, file=sys.stderr)

    err_event = _threading.Event()

    rp = self.manifest.repoProject
    rp.PreSync()

    mp = self.manifest.manifestProject
    mp.PreSync()

    if opt.repo_upgraded:
      _PostRepoUpgrade(self.manifest, quiet=opt.quiet)

    if not opt.mp_update:
      print('Skipping update of local manifest project.')
    else:
      self._UpdateManifestProject(opt, mp, manifest_name)

    if self.gitc_manifest:
      gitc_manifest_projects = self.GetProjects(args,
                                                missing_ok=True)
      gitc_projects = []
      opened_projects = []
      for project in gitc_manifest_projects:
        if project.relpath in self.gitc_manifest.paths and \
           self.gitc_manifest.paths[project.relpath].old_revision:
          opened_projects.append(project.relpath)
        else:
          gitc_projects.append(project.relpath)

      if not args:
        gitc_projects = None

      if gitc_projects != [] and not opt.local_only:
        print('Updating GITC client: %s' % self.gitc_manifest.gitc_client_name)
        manifest = GitcManifest(self.repodir, self.gitc_manifest.gitc_client_name)
        if manifest_name:
          manifest.Override(manifest_name)
        else:
          manifest.Override(self.manifest.manifestFile)
        gitc_utils.generate_gitc_manifest(self.gitc_manifest,
                                          manifest,
                                          gitc_projects)
        print('GITC client successfully synced.')

      # The opened projects need to be synced as normal, therefore we
      # generate a new args list to represent the opened projects.
      # TODO: make this more reliable -- if there's a project name/path overlap,
      # this may choose the wrong project.
      args = [os.path.relpath(self.manifest.paths[path].worktree, os.getcwd())
              for path in opened_projects]
      if not args:
        return
    all_projects = self.GetProjects(args,
                                    missing_ok=True,
                                    submodules_ok=opt.fetch_submodules)

    err_network_sync = False
    err_update_projects = False
    err_checkout = False

    self._fetch_times = _FetchTimes(self.manifest)
    if not opt.local_only:
      to_fetch = []
      now = time.time()
      if _ONE_DAY_S <= (now - rp.LastFetch):
        to_fetch.append(rp)
      to_fetch.extend(all_projects)
      to_fetch.sort(key=self._fetch_times.Get, reverse=True)

      fetched = self._Fetch(to_fetch, opt, err_event)

      _PostRepoFetch(rp, opt.repo_verify)
      if opt.network_only:
        # bail out now; the rest touches the working tree
        if err_event.isSet():
          print('\nerror: Exited sync due to fetch errors.\n', file=sys.stderr)
          sys.exit(1)
        return

      # Iteratively fetch missing and/or nested unregistered submodules
      previously_missing_set = set()
      while True:
        self._ReloadManifest(manifest_name)
        all_projects = self.GetProjects(args,
                                        missing_ok=True,
                                        submodules_ok=opt.fetch_submodules)
        missing = []
        for project in all_projects:
          if project.gitdir not in fetched:
            missing.append(project)
        if not missing:
          break
        # Stop us from non-stopped fetching actually-missing repos: If set of
        # missing repos has not been changed from last fetch, we break.
        missing_set = set(p.name for p in missing)
        if previously_missing_set == missing_set:
          break
        previously_missing_set = missing_set
        fetched.update(self._Fetch(missing, opt, err_event))

      # If we saw an error, exit with code 1 so that other scripts can check.
      if err_event.isSet():
        err_network_sync = True
        if opt.fail_fast:
          print('\nerror: Exited sync due to fetch errors.\n'
                'Local checkouts *not* updated. Resolve network issues & '
                'retry.\n'
                '`repo sync -l` will update some local checkouts.',
                file=sys.stderr)
          sys.exit(1)

    if self.manifest.IsMirror or self.manifest.IsArchive:
      # bail out now, we have no working tree
      return

    if self.UpdateProjectList(opt):
      err_event.set()
      err_update_projects = True
      if opt.fail_fast:
        print('\nerror: Local checkouts *not* updated.', file=sys.stderr)
        sys.exit(1)

    err_results = []
    self._Checkout(all_projects, opt, err_event, err_results)
    if err_event.isSet():
      err_checkout = True
      # NB: We don't exit here because this is the last step.

    # If there's a notice that's supposed to print at the end of the sync, print
    # it now...
    if self.manifest.notice:
      print(self.manifest.notice)

    # If we saw an error, exit with code 1 so that other scripts can check.
    if err_event.isSet():
      print('\nerror: Unable to fully sync the tree.', file=sys.stderr)
      if err_network_sync:
        print('error: Downloading network changes failed.', file=sys.stderr)
      if err_update_projects:
        print('error: Updating local project lists failed.', file=sys.stderr)
      if err_checkout:
        print('error: Checking out local projects failed.', file=sys.stderr)
        if err_results:
          print('Failing repos:\n%s' % '\n'.join(err_results), file=sys.stderr)
      print('Try re-running with "-j1 --fail-fast" to exit at the first error.',
            file=sys.stderr)
      sys.exit(1)

    if not opt.quiet:
      print('repo sync has finished successfully.')


def _PostRepoUpgrade(manifest, quiet=False):
  wrapper = Wrapper()
  if wrapper.NeedSetupGnuPG():
    wrapper.SetupGnuPG(quiet)
  for project in manifest.projects:
    if project.Exists:
      project.PostRepoUpgrade()


def _PostRepoFetch(rp, repo_verify=True, verbose=False):
  if rp.HasChanges:
    print('info: A new version of repo is available', file=sys.stderr)
    print(file=sys.stderr)
    if not repo_verify or _VerifyTag(rp):
      syncbuf = SyncBuffer(rp.config)
      rp.Sync_LocalHalf(syncbuf)
      if not syncbuf.Finish():
        sys.exit(1)
      print('info: Restarting repo with latest version', file=sys.stderr)
      raise RepoChangedException(['--repo-upgraded'])
    else:
      print('warning: Skipped upgrade to unverified version', file=sys.stderr)
  else:
    if verbose:
      print('repo version %s is current' % rp.work_git.describe(HEAD),
            file=sys.stderr)


def _VerifyTag(project):
  gpg_dir = os.path.expanduser('~/.repoconfig/gnupg')
  if not os.path.exists(gpg_dir):
    print('warning: GnuPG was not available during last "repo init"\n'
          'warning: Cannot automatically authenticate repo."""',
          file=sys.stderr)
    return True

  try:
    cur = project.bare_git.describe(project.GetRevisionId())
  except GitError:
    cur = None

  if not cur \
     or re.compile(r'^.*-[0-9]{1,}-g[0-9a-f]{1,}$').match(cur):
    rev = project.revisionExpr
    if rev.startswith(R_HEADS):
      rev = rev[len(R_HEADS):]

    print(file=sys.stderr)
    print("warning: project '%s' branch '%s' is not signed"
          % (project.name, rev), file=sys.stderr)
    return False

  env = os.environ.copy()
  env['GIT_DIR'] = project.gitdir
  env['GNUPGHOME'] = gpg_dir

  cmd = [GIT, 'tag', '-v', cur]
  proc = subprocess.Popen(cmd,
                          stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                          stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
                          env=env)
  out = proc.stdout.read()
  proc.stdout.close()

  err = proc.stderr.read()
  proc.stderr.close()

  if proc.wait() != 0:
    print(file=sys.stderr)
    print(out, file=sys.stderr)
    print(err, file=sys.stderr)
    print(file=sys.stderr)
    return False
  return True


class _FetchTimes(object):
  _ALPHA = 0.5

  def __init__(self, manifest):
    self._path = os.path.join(manifest.repodir, '.repo_fetchtimes.json')
    self._times = None
    self._seen = set()

  def Get(self, project):
    self._Load()
    return self._times.get(project.name, _ONE_DAY_S)

  def Set(self, project, t):
    self._Load()
    name = project.name
    old = self._times.get(name, t)
    self._seen.add(name)
    a = self._ALPHA
    self._times[name] = (a * t) + ((1 - a) * old)

  def _Load(self):
    if self._times is None:
      try:
        with open(self._path) as f:
          self._times = json.load(f)
      except (IOError, ValueError):
        try:
          platform_utils.remove(self._path)
        except OSError:
          pass
        self._times = {}

  def Save(self):
    if self._times is None:
      return

    to_delete = []
    for name in self._times:
      if name not in self._seen:
        to_delete.append(name)
    for name in to_delete:
      del self._times[name]

    try:
      with open(self._path, 'w') as f:
        json.dump(self._times, f, indent=2)
    except (IOError, TypeError):
      try:
        platform_utils.remove(self._path)
      except OSError:
        pass

# This is a replacement for xmlrpc.client.Transport using urllib2
# and supporting persistent-http[s]. It cannot change hosts from
# request to request like the normal transport, the real url
# is passed during initialization.


class PersistentTransport(xmlrpc.client.Transport):
  def __init__(self, orig_host):
    self.orig_host = orig_host

  def request(self, host, handler, request_body, verbose=False):
    with GetUrlCookieFile(self.orig_host, not verbose) as (cookiefile, proxy):
      # Python doesn't understand cookies with the #HttpOnly_ prefix
      # Since we're only using them for HTTP, copy the file temporarily,
      # stripping those prefixes away.
      if cookiefile:
        tmpcookiefile = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w')
        tmpcookiefile.write("# HTTP Cookie File")
        try:
          with open(cookiefile) as f:
            for line in f:
              if line.startswith("#HttpOnly_"):
                line = line[len("#HttpOnly_"):]
              tmpcookiefile.write(line)
          tmpcookiefile.flush()

          cookiejar = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(tmpcookiefile.name)
          try:
            cookiejar.load()
          except cookielib.LoadError:
            cookiejar = cookielib.CookieJar()
        finally:
          tmpcookiefile.close()
      else:
        cookiejar = cookielib.CookieJar()

      proxyhandler = urllib.request.ProxyHandler
      if proxy:
        proxyhandler = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({
            "http": proxy,
            "https": proxy})

      opener = urllib.request.build_opener(
          urllib.request.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookiejar),
          proxyhandler)

      url = urllib.parse.urljoin(self.orig_host, handler)
      parse_results = urllib.parse.urlparse(url)

      scheme = parse_results.scheme
      if scheme == 'persistent-http':
        scheme = 'http'
      if scheme == 'persistent-https':
        # If we're proxying through persistent-https, use http. The
        # proxy itself will do the https.
        if proxy:
          scheme = 'http'
        else:
          scheme = 'https'

      # Parse out any authentication information using the base class
      host, extra_headers, _ = self.get_host_info(parse_results.netloc)

      url = urllib.parse.urlunparse((
          scheme,
          host,
          parse_results.path,
          parse_results.params,
          parse_results.query,
          parse_results.fragment))

      request = urllib.request.Request(url, request_body)
      if extra_headers is not None:
        for (name, header) in extra_headers:
          request.add_header(name, header)
      request.add_header('Content-Type', 'text/xml')
      try:
        response = opener.open(request)
      except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
        if e.code == 501:
          # We may have been redirected through a login process
          # but our POST turned into a GET. Retry.
          response = opener.open(request)
        else:
          raise

      p, u = xmlrpc.client.getparser()
      while 1:
        data = response.read(1024)
        if not data:
          break
        p.feed(data)
      p.close()
      return u.close()

  def close(self):
    pass