[libc++] Make it an error to define _LIBCPP_DEBUG

We have been transitioning off of that macro since LLVM 15.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D137975

NOKEYCHECK=True
GitOrigin-RevId: 13ea1343231fa4ae12fe9fba4c789728465783d7
diff --git a/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst b/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
index abcebeb..584eed4 100644
--- a/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
+++ b/docs/ReleaseNotes.rst
@@ -97,6 +97,9 @@
   Please migrate to ``<memory_resource>`` instead. Per libc++'s TS deprecation policy,
   ``<experimental/memory_resource>`` will be removed in LLVM 18.
 
+- The ``_LIBCPP_DEBUG`` macro is not honored anymore, and it is an error to try to use it. Please migrate to
+  ``_LIBCPP_ENABLE_DEBUG_MODE`` instead.
+
 Upcoming Deprecations and Removals
 ----------------------------------