tests/vksyncvaltests.cpp

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2022 The Khronos Group Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2022 Valve Corporation
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2022 LunarG, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2015-2022 Google, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Author: Chia-I Wu <olvaffe@gmail.com>
 * Author: Chris Forbes <chrisf@ijw.co.nz>
 * Author: Courtney Goeltzenleuchter <courtney@LunarG.com>
 * Author: Mark Lobodzinski <mark@lunarg.com>
 * Author: Mike Stroyan <mike@LunarG.com>
 * Author: Tobin Ehlis <tobine@google.com>
 * Author: Tony Barbour <tony@LunarG.com>
 * Author: Cody Northrop <cnorthrop@google.com>
 * Author: Dave Houlton <daveh@lunarg.com>
 * Author: Jeremy Kniager <jeremyk@lunarg.com>
 * Author: Shannon McPherson <shannon@lunarg.com>
 * Author: John Zulauf <jzulauf@lunarg.com>
 */
#include <type_traits>

#include "cast_utils.h"
#include "layer_validation_tests.h"

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncBufferCopyHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_AMD_BUFFER_MARKER_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_AMD_BUFFER_MARKER_EXTENSION_NAME);
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));
    bool has_amd_buffer_maker = DeviceExtensionEnabled(VK_AMD_BUFFER_MARKER_EXTENSION_NAME);

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};
    VkBufferCopy front2front = {0, 0, 128};
    VkBufferCopy front2back = {0, 128, 128};
    VkBufferCopy back2back = {128, 128, 128};

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto buffer_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    buffer_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.buffer = buffer_a.handle();
    buffer_barrier.offset = 0;
    buffer_barrier.size = 256;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1, &buffer_barrier, 0,
                           nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &back2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto mem_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;  // Protect C but not B
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // CmdFillBuffer
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 0, 256, 1);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdFillBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 0, 256, 1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // CmdUpdateBuffer
    int i = 10;
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 0, sizeof(i), &i);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdUpdateBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 0, sizeof(i), &i);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Create secondary buffers to use
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb1(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb1 = secondary_cb1.handle();
    secondary_cb1.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(scb1, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    secondary_cb1.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb2(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb2 = secondary_cb2.handle();
    secondary_cb2.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(scb2, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    secondary_cb2.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb3(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb3 = secondary_cb3.handle();
    secondary_cb3.begin();
    secondary_cb3.PipelineBarrier(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                  nullptr);
    secondary_cb3.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb4(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb4 = secondary_cb4.handle();
    secondary_cb4.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(scb4, buffer_b.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    secondary_cb4.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // One secondary CB hazard with active command buffer
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 1, &scb1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Two secondary CB hazard with each other
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    // This is also a "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE" present, but only the first hazard is reported.
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    {
        VkCommandBuffer two_cbs[2] = {scb1, scb2};
        vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 2, two_cbs);
    }
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Two secondary CB hazard with each other
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
        VkCommandBuffer two_cbs[2] = {scb1, scb4};
        vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 2, two_cbs);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    }
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Add a secondary CB with a barrier
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    {
        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        VkCommandBuffer three_cbs[3] = {scb1, scb3, scb4};
        vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 3, three_cbs);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    }
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    // CmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD
    if (has_amd_buffer_maker) {
        auto fpCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD =
            (PFN_vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD");
        if (!fpCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD) {
            printf("%s Test requires unsupported vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD feature. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        } else {
            m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();
            fpCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 1);
            m_commandBuffer->end();
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();
            vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
            fpCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 1);
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
            m_commandBuffer->end();
        }
    } else {
        printf("%s Test requires unsupported vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD feature. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, Sync2BufferCopyHazards) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_2);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    } else {
        printf("%s Synchronization2 not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    if (!CheckSynchronization2SupportAndInitState(this)) {
        printf("%s Synchronization2 not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    auto fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR = (PFN_vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR");

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};
    VkBufferCopy front2front = {0, 0, 128};
    VkBufferCopy front2back = {0, 128, 128};
    VkBufferCopy back2back = {128, 128, 128};

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    {
        auto buffer_barrier = lvl_init_struct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier2KHR>();
        buffer_barrier.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        buffer_barrier.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        buffer_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_READ_BIT_KHR;
        buffer_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        buffer_barrier.buffer = buffer_a.handle();
        buffer_barrier.offset = 0;
        buffer_barrier.size = 256;
        auto dep_info = lvl_init_struct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();
        dep_info.bufferMemoryBarrierCount = 1;
        dep_info.pBufferMemoryBarriers = &buffer_barrier;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
    }

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &back2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    {
        auto mem_barrier = lvl_init_struct<VkMemoryBarrier2KHR>();
        mem_barrier.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        mem_barrier.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        auto dep_info = lvl_init_struct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();
        dep_info.memoryBarrierCount = 1;
        dep_info.pMemoryBarriers = &mem_barrier;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

        vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
        mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_READ_BIT_KHR;  // Protect C but not B
        mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
        vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCopyOptimalImageHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_a.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_b.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_c.initialized());

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_all{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 2};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 2};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_offset{64, 64, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_to_0 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_to_1 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_1, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_1_to_1 = {layers_1, zero_offset, layers_1, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_front = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_back = {layers_0, half_offset, layers_0, half_offset, half_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto image_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.image = image_a.handle();
    image_barrier.subresourceRange = full_subresource_range;
    image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_barrier);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_to_0);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_1_to_1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_to_1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto mem_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Use barrier to protect last reader, but not last writer...
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;  // Protects C but not B
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Test secondary command buffers
    // Create secondary buffers to use
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb1(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb1 = secondary_cb1.handle();
    secondary_cb1.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(scb1, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    secondary_cb1.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    auto record_primary = [&]() {
        m_commandBuffer->reset();
        m_commandBuffer->begin();
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
        vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 1, &scb1);
        m_commandBuffer->end();
    };

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    record_primary();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    // With a barrier...
    secondary_cb1.reset();
    secondary_cb1.begin();
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(scb1, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(scb1, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    secondary_cb1.end();
    record_primary();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    auto image_transition_barrier = image_barrier;
    image_transition_barrier.image = image_a.handle();
    image_transition_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_transition_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_SRC_OPTIMAL;

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    secondary_cb1.reset();
    secondary_cb1.begin();
    // Use the wrong stage, get an error
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(scb1, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_transition_barrier);
    secondary_cb1.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    record_primary();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // CmdResolveImage hazard testing
    VkImageFormatProperties formProps = {{0, 0, 0}, 0, 0, 0, 0};
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceImageFormatProperties(m_device->phy().handle(), VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D,
                                               VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT, 0, &formProps);

    if (!(formProps.sampleCounts & VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_2_BIT)) {
        printf("%s CmdResolveImage Test requires unsupported VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_2_BIT feature. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
    } else {
        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        VkImageObj image_s2_a(m_device), image_s2_b(m_device);
        image_ci.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_2_BIT;
        image_s2_a.Init(image_ci);
        ASSERT_TRUE(image_s2_a.initialized());

        image_s2_b.Init(image_ci);
        ASSERT_TRUE(image_s2_b.initialized());

        VkImageResolve r_full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};

        m_commandBuffer->reset();
        m_commandBuffer->begin();
        image_s2_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
        image_s2_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
        vk::CmdResolveImage(cb, image_s2_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                            &r_full_region);
        m_commandBuffer->end();
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

        m_commandBuffer->reset();
        m_commandBuffer->begin();
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_s2_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_s2_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                         &full_region);
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
        vk::CmdResolveImage(cb, image_s2_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                            &r_full_region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
        vk::CmdResolveImage(cb, image_s2_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                            &r_full_region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, Sync2CopyOptimalImageHazards) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_2);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    } else {
        printf("%s Synchronization2 not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    if (!CheckSynchronization2SupportAndInitState(this)) {
        printf("%s Synchronization2 not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    auto fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR = (PFN_vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR");

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_a.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_b.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_c.initialized());

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_all{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 2};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 2};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_offset{64, 64, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_to_0 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_to_1 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_1, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_1_to_1 = {layers_1, zero_offset, layers_1, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_front = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_back = {layers_0, half_offset, layers_0, half_offset, half_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    {
        auto image_barrier = lvl_init_struct<VkImageMemoryBarrier2KHR>();
        image_barrier.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        image_barrier.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_READ_BIT_KHR;
        image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        image_barrier.image = image_a.handle();
        image_barrier.subresourceRange = full_subresource_range;
        image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
        image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
        auto dep_info = lvl_init_struct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();
        dep_info.imageMemoryBarrierCount = 1;
        dep_info.pImageMemoryBarriers = &image_barrier;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
    }

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_to_0);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_1_to_1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_to_1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    {
        auto mem_barrier = lvl_init_struct<VkMemoryBarrier2KHR>();
        mem_barrier.srcStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        mem_barrier.dstStageMask = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_COPY_BIT_KHR;
        mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
        mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
        auto dep_info = lvl_init_struct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();
        dep_info.memoryBarrierCount = 1;
        dep_info.pMemoryBarriers = &mem_barrier;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

        // Use barrier to protect last reader, but not last writer...
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
        mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_READ_BIT_KHR;  // Protects C but not B
        mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_2_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT_KHR;
        fpCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(cb, &dep_info);
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    }

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_0_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCopyOptimalMultiPlanarHazards) {
    // TODO: Add code to enable sync validation
    // Enable KHR multiplane req'd extensions
    bool mp_extensions = InstanceExtensionSupported(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME,
                                                    VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_SPEC_VERSION);
    if (mp_extensions) {
        m_instance_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_1_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_BIND_MEMORY_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_EXTENSION_NAME);
    if (mp_extensions) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_1_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_BIND_MEMORY_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_EXTENSION_NAME);
    } else {
        printf("%s test requires KHR multiplane extensions, not available.  Skipping.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_G8_B8_R8_3PLANE_420_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    // Verify format
    bool supported = ImageFormatAndFeaturesSupported(instance(), gpu(), image_ci,
                                                     VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT);
    if (!supported) {
        printf("%s Multiplane image format not supported.  Skipping test.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;  // Assume there's low ROI on searching for different mp formats
    }

    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer_all_plane0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR, 0, 0, 2};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer0_plane0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer0_plane1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer1_plane1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR, 0, 1, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{
        VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_2_BIT_KHR, 0, 1, 0, 2};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D one_four_offset{32, 32, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};      // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D one_four_extent{32, 32, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0 = {layer_all_plane0, zero_offset, layer_all_plane0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_layer0_plane0_to_layer0_plane0 = {layer0_plane0, zero_offset, layer0_plane0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_layer0_plane0_to_layer0_plane1 = {layer0_plane0, zero_offset, layer0_plane1, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_layer1_plane1_to_layer1_plane1_front = {layer1_plane1, zero_offset, layer1_plane1, zero_offset,
                                                               one_four_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_layer1_plane1_to_layer1_plane1_back = {layer1_plane1, one_four_offset, layer1_plane1, one_four_offset,
                                                              one_four_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto image_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.image = image_a.handle();
    image_barrier.subresourceRange = full_subresource_range;
    image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_barrier);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer0_plane0_to_layer0_plane0);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer0_plane0_to_layer0_plane1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer0_plane0_to_layer0_plane1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto mem_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Use barrier to protect last reader, but not last writer...
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;  // Protects C but not B
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_all_plane0_to_all_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer1_plane1_to_layer1_plane1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer1_plane1_to_layer1_plane1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_layer1_plane1_to_layer1_plane1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCopyLinearImageHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_all{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_offset{64, 64, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_front = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_back = {layers_all, half_offset, layers_all, half_offset, half_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto image_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.image = image_b.handle();
    image_barrier.subresourceRange = full_subresource_range;
    image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_barrier);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Use barrier to protect last reader, but not last writer...
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;  // Protects C but not B
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_barrier);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_front);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCopyLinearMultiPlanarHazards) {
    // TODO: Add code to enable sync validation
    // Enable KHR multiplane req'd extensions
    bool mp_extensions = InstanceExtensionSupported(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME,
                                                    VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_SPEC_VERSION);
    if (mp_extensions) {
        m_instance_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_PROPERTIES_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_1_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_BIND_MEMORY_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    mp_extensions = mp_extensions && DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_EXTENSION_NAME);
    if (mp_extensions) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_1_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_GET_MEMORY_REQUIREMENTS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_BIND_MEMORY_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_SAMPLER_YCBCR_CONVERSION_EXTENSION_NAME);
    } else {
        printf("%s test requires KHR multiplane extensions, not available.  Skipping.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_G8_B8_R8_3PLANE_420_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR);
    // Verify format
    bool supported = ImageFormatAndFeaturesSupported(instance(), gpu(), image_ci,
                                                     VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT);
    if (!supported) {
        printf("%s Multiplane image format not supported.  Skipping test.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;  // Assume there's low ROI on searching for different mp formats
    }

    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer_all_plane0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer_all_plane1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{
        VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_0_BIT_KHR | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_1_BIT_KHR | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_PLANE_2_BIT_KHR, 0, 1, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D one_four_offset{32, 32, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};      // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D one_four_extent{32, 32, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy region_plane0_to_plane0 = {layer_all_plane0, zero_offset, layer_all_plane0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_plane0_to_plane1 = {layer_all_plane0, zero_offset, layer_all_plane1, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_plane1_to_plane1_front = {layer_all_plane1, zero_offset, layer_all_plane1, zero_offset, one_four_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_plane1_to_plane1_back = {layer_all_plane1, one_four_offset, layer_all_plane1, one_four_offset,
                                                one_four_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto image_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.image = image_a.handle();
    image_barrier.subresourceRange = full_subresource_range;
    image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &image_barrier);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // NOTE: Since the previous command skips in validation, the state update is never done, and the validation layer thus doesn't
    //       record the write operation to b.  So we'll need to repeat it successfully to set up for the *next* test.

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    auto mem_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Use barrier to protect last reader, but not last writer...
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    mem_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;  // Protects C but not B
    mem_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 1, &mem_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane0_to_plane0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane1_to_plane1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane1_to_plane1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_c.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_plane1_to_plane1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCopyBufferImageHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkBufferObj buffer_a, buffer_b;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 2048, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 2048, mem_prop);

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device), image_b(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(32, 32, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_offset{16, 16, 0};
    VkExtent3D half_extent{16, 16, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D

    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_front_image_0_front = {0, 16, 16, layers_0, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_front_image_1_front = {0, 16, 16, layers_1, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_front_image_1_back = {0, 16, 16, layers_1, half_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_back_image_0_front = {1024, 16, 16, layers_0, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_back_image_0_back = {1024, 16, 16, layers_0, half_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_back_image_1_front = {1024, 16, 16, layers_1, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkBufferImageCopy region_buffer_back_image_1_back = {1024, 16, 16, layers_1, half_offset, half_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_a.handle(), image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_a.handle(), image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_back_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region_buffer_back_image_0_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    auto buffer_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    buffer_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.buffer = buffer_a.handle();
    buffer_barrier.offset = 1024;
    buffer_barrier.size = 2048;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1, &buffer_barrier, 0,
                           nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_back_image_1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1, &buffer_barrier, 0,
                           nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region_buffer_back_image_1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_b.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyImageToBuffer(cb, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, buffer_b.handle(), 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_back_image_0_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_front_image_1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_buffer_back_image_0_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    buffer_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.buffer = buffer_b.handle();
    buffer_barrier.offset = 1024;
    buffer_barrier.size = 2048;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1, &buffer_barrier, 0,
                           nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                             &region_buffer_back_image_1_front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1, &buffer_barrier, 0,
                           nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBufferToImage(cb, buffer_b.handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_buffer_back_image_1_back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncBlitImageHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device), image_b(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(32, 32, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_0_offset{16, 16, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_1_offset{16, 16, 1};
    VkOffset3D full_offset{32, 32, 1};
    VkImageBlit region_0_front_1_front = {layers_0, {zero_offset, half_1_offset}, layers_1, {zero_offset, half_1_offset}};
    VkImageBlit region_1_front_0_front = {layers_1, {zero_offset, half_1_offset}, layers_0, {zero_offset, half_1_offset}};
    VkImageBlit region_1_back_0_back = {layers_1, {half_0_offset, full_offset}, layers_0, {half_0_offset, full_offset}};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    vk::CmdBlitImage(cb, image_a.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_0_front_1_front, VK_FILTER_NEAREST);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdBlitImage(cb, image_a.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_0_front_1_front, VK_FILTER_NEAREST);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdBlitImage(cb, image_b.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_1_front_0_front, VK_FILTER_NEAREST);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdBlitImage(cb, image_b.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_a.image(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &region_1_back_0_back, VK_FILTER_NEAREST);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncRenderPassBeginTransitionHazard) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());
    const VkSubpassDependency external_subpass_dependency = {VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL,
                                                             0,
                                                             VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                                             VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                                             VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                                             VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                                             VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT};
    m_additionalSubpassDependencies.push_back(external_subpass_dependency);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget(2));

    // Render Target Information
    auto width = static_cast<uint32_t>(m_width);
    auto height = static_cast<uint32_t>(m_height);
    auto *rt_0 = m_renderTargets[0].get();
    auto *rt_1 = m_renderTargets[1].get();

    // Other buffers with which to interact
    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device), image_b(m_device);
    const auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(width, height, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);

    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{width, height, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer_color{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageCopy region_to_copy = {layer_color, zero_offset, layer_color, zero_offset, full_extent};

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    rt_0->SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    rt_1->SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    rt_0->SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, rt_0->handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_to_copy);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);  // This fails so the driver call is skip and no end is valid
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAW, and try again. (and show that validation is accounting for the barrier effect too.)
    VkImageSubresourceRange rt_full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
    auto image_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier.image = rt_0->handle();
    image_barrier.subresourceRange = rt_full_subresource_range;
    image_barrier.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr, 1, &image_barrier);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, rt_1->handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region_to_copy);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);  // This fails so the driver call is skip and no end is valid
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    // A global execution barrier that the implict external dependency can chain with should work...
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, 0,
                           nullptr);

    // With the barrier above, the layout transition has a chained execution sync operation, and the default
    // implict VkSubpassDependency safes the load op clear vs. the layout transition...
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCmdDispatchDrawHazards) {
    // TODO: Add code to enable sync validation
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_2);

    // Enable VK_KHR_draw_indirect_count for KHR variants
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    VkPhysicalDeviceVulkan12Features features12 = LvlInitStruct<VkPhysicalDeviceVulkan12Features>();
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_DRAW_INDIRECT_COUNT_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_DRAW_INDIRECT_COUNT_EXTENSION_NAME);
        if (DeviceValidationVersion() >= VK_API_VERSION_1_2) {
            features12.drawIndirectCount = VK_TRUE;
        }
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, &features12, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));
    bool has_khr_indirect = DeviceExtensionEnabled(VK_KHR_DRAW_INDIRECT_COUNT_EXTENSION_NAME);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkImageUsageFlags image_usage_combine = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT |
                                            VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_c_a(m_device), image_c_b(m_device);
    const auto image_c_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(16, 16, 1, 1, format, image_usage_combine, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_c_a.Init(image_c_ci);
    image_c_b.Init(image_c_ci);

    VkImageView imageview_c = image_c_a.targetView(format);
    VkImageUsageFlags image_usage_storage =
        VK_IMAGE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkImageObj image_s_a(m_device), image_s_b(m_device);
    const auto image_s_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(16, 16, 1, 1, format, image_usage_storage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_s_a.Init(image_s_ci);
    image_s_b.Init(image_s_ci);
    image_s_a.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_s_b.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    VkImageView imageview_s = image_s_a.targetView(format);

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler_s, sampler_c;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_ci = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler_s.init(*m_device, sampler_ci);
    sampler_c.init(*m_device, sampler_ci);

    VkBufferObj buffer_a, buffer_b;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    VkBufferUsageFlags buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT |
                                      VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    buffer_a.init(*m_device, buffer_a.create_info(2048, buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init(*m_device, buffer_b.create_info(2048, buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    vk_testing::BufferView bufferview;
    auto bvci = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferViewCreateInfo>();
    bvci.buffer = buffer_a.handle();
    bvci.format = VK_FORMAT_R32_SFLOAT;
    bvci.offset = 0;
    bvci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    bufferview.init(*m_device, bvci);

    OneOffDescriptorSet descriptor_set(m_device,
                                       {
                                           {0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {1, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {2, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_IMAGE, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {3, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                       });

    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorBufferInfo(0, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 2048);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorImageInfo(1, imageview_c, sampler_c.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
                                            VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorImageInfo(2, imageview_s, sampler_s.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_IMAGE, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorBufferView(3, bufferview.handle());
    descriptor_set.UpdateDescriptorSets();

    // Dispatch
    const char *csSource = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(set=0, binding=0) uniform foo { float x; } ub0;
        layout(set=0, binding=1) uniform sampler2D cis1;
        layout(set=0, binding=2, rgba8) uniform readonly image2D si2;
        layout(set=0, binding=3, r32f) uniform readonly imageBuffer stb3;
        void main(){
            vec4 vColor4;
            vColor4.x = ub0.x;
            vColor4 = texture(cis1, vec2(0));
            vColor4 = imageLoad(si2, ivec2(0));
            vColor4 = imageLoad(stb3, 0);
        }
    )glsl";

    VkEventObj event;
    event.init(*m_device, VkEventObj::create_info(0));
    VkEvent event_handle = event.handle();

    CreateComputePipelineHelper pipe(*this);
    pipe.InitInfo();
    pipe.cs_.reset(new VkShaderObj(this, csSource, VK_SHADER_STAGE_COMPUTE_BIT));
    pipe.InitState();
    pipe.pipeline_layout_ = VkPipelineLayoutObj(m_device, {&descriptor_set.layout_});
    pipe.CreateComputePipeline();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    VkBufferCopy buffer_region = {0, 0, 2048};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{16, 16, 1};
    VkImageCopy image_region = {layer, zero_offset, layer, zero_offset, full_extent};
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_c_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_s_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_s_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDispatch(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 1, 1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDispatch(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 1, 1);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_c_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();

    // DispatchIndirect
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkBufferObj buffer_dispatchIndirect, buffer_dispatchIndirect2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    buffer_dispatchIndirect.init(
        *m_device, buffer_dispatchIndirect.create_info(sizeof(VkDispatchIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    buffer_dispatchIndirect2.init(
        *m_device, buffer_dispatchIndirect2.create_info(sizeof(VkDispatchIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDispatchIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_dispatchIndirect.handle(), 0);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(VkDispatchIndirectCommand)};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_dispatchIndirect2.handle(), buffer_dispatchIndirect.handle(), 1,
                      &buffer_region);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE, pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDispatchIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_dispatchIndirect.handle(), 0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Draw
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    const float vbo_data[3] = {1.f, 0.f, 1.f};
    VkVertexInputAttributeDescription VertexInputAttributeDescription = {0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT, sizeof(vbo_data)};
    VkVertexInputBindingDescription VertexInputBindingDescription = {0, sizeof(vbo_data), VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX};
    VkBufferObj vbo, vbo2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    vbo.init(*m_device, vbo.create_info(sizeof(vbo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    vbo2.init(*m_device, vbo2.create_info(sizeof(vbo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    VkShaderObj vs(this, bindStateVertShaderText, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkShaderObj fs(this, csSource, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe(*this);
    g_pipe.InitInfo();
    g_pipe.InitState();
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &VertexInputBindingDescription;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = &VertexInputAttributeDescription;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 1;
    g_pipe.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
    g_pipe.pipeline_layout_ = VkPipelineLayoutObj(m_device, {&descriptor_set.layout_});
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    VkDeviceSize offset = 0;
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);

    VkViewport viewport = {0, 0, 16, 16, 0, 1};
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    VkRect2D scissor = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(vbo_data)};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), vbo2.handle(), vbo.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Repeat the draw test with a WaitEvent to protect it.
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), vbo2.handle(), vbo.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

    auto vbo_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    vbo_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    vbo_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_VERTEX_ATTRIBUTE_READ_BIT;
    vbo_barrier.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
    vbo_barrier.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
    vbo_barrier.buffer = vbo.handle();
    vbo_barrier.offset = buffer_region.dstOffset;
    vbo_barrier.size = buffer_region.size;

    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_VERTEX_INPUT_BIT, 0, nullptr, 1,
                                &vbo_barrier, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);

    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // DrawIndexed
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    const float ibo_data[3] = {0.f, 0.f, 0.f};
    VkBufferObj ibo, ibo2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    ibo.init(*m_device, ibo.create_info(sizeof(ibo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    ibo2.init(*m_device, ibo2.create_info(sizeof(ibo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    m_commandBuffer->DrawIndexed(3, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(ibo_data)};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo2.handle(), ibo.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->DrawIndexed(3, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // DrawIndirect
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkBufferObj buffer_drawIndirect, buffer_drawIndirect2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    buffer_drawIndirect.init(*m_device, buffer_drawIndirect.create_info(sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr),
                             mem_prop);
    buffer_drawIndirect2.init(*m_device, buffer_drawIndirect2.create_info(sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr),
                              mem_prop);

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDrawIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 0, 1, sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand));
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand)};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect2.handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDrawIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 0, 1, sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand));
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // DrawIndexedIndirect
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkBufferObj buffer_drawIndexedIndirect, buffer_drawIndexedIndirect2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.init(
        *m_device, buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.create_info(sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    buffer_drawIndexedIndirect2.init(
        *m_device, buffer_drawIndexedIndirect2.create_info(sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDrawIndexedIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 0, 1, sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand));
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand)};
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndexedIndirect2.handle(), buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.handle(), 1,
                      &buffer_region);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDrawIndexedIndirect(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.handle(), 0, 1,
                               sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand));
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    if (has_khr_indirect) {
        // DrawIndirectCount
        auto fpCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR =
            (PFN_vkCmdDrawIndirectCount)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR");
        if (!fpCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR) {
            printf("%s Test requires unsupported vkCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR feature. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        } else {
            m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
            VkBufferObj buffer_count, buffer_count2;
            buffer_usage =
                VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
            buffer_count.init(*m_device, buffer_count.create_info(sizeof(uint32_t), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
            buffer_count2.init(*m_device, buffer_count2.create_info(sizeof(uint32_t), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();
            m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
            vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
            vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
            vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(),
                                      0, 1, &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
            fpCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 0, buffer_count.handle(), 0, 1,
                                      sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand));
            m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
            m_commandBuffer->end();
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();

            buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(uint32_t)};
            vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_count2.handle(), buffer_count.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

            m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
            vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
            vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
            vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(),
                                      0, 1, &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
            fpCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndirect.handle(), 0, buffer_count.handle(), 0, 1,
                                      sizeof(VkDrawIndirectCommand));
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

            m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
            m_commandBuffer->end();
        }

        // DrawIndexedIndirectCount
        auto fpCmdDrawIndexIndirectCountKHR =
            (PFN_vkCmdDrawIndirectCount)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdDrawIndexedIndirectCountKHR");
        if (!fpCmdDrawIndexIndirectCountKHR) {
            printf("%s Test requires unsupported vkCmdDrawIndexedIndirectCountKHR feature. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        } else {
            m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
            VkBufferObj buffer_count, buffer_count2;
            buffer_usage =
                VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDIRECT_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
            buffer_count.init(*m_device, buffer_count.create_info(sizeof(uint32_t), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
            buffer_count2.init(*m_device, buffer_count2.create_info(sizeof(uint32_t), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();
            m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
            vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
            vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
            vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
            vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(),
                                      0, 1, &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
            fpCmdDrawIndexIndirectCountKHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.handle(), 0, buffer_count.handle(),
                                           0, 1, sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand));
            m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
            m_commandBuffer->end();
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

            m_commandBuffer->reset();
            m_commandBuffer->begin();

            buffer_region = {0, 0, sizeof(uint32_t)};
            vk::CmdCopyBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_count2.handle(), buffer_count.handle(), 1, &buffer_region);

            m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
            vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);
            vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), ibo.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT16);
            vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
            vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(),
                                      0, 1, &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
            fpCmdDrawIndexIndirectCountKHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), buffer_drawIndexedIndirect.handle(), 0, buffer_count.handle(),
                                           0, 1, sizeof(VkDrawIndexedIndirectCommand));
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

            m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
            m_commandBuffer->end();
        }
    } else {
        printf("%s Test requires unsupported vkCmdDrawIndirectCountKHR & vkDrawIndexedIndirectCountKHR feature. Skipped.\n",
               kSkipPrefix);
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCmdClear) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));
    // CmdClearColorImage
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device), image_b(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_all{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};

    VkImageCopy full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    VkClearColorValue ccv = {};
    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &ccv, 1, &full_subresource_range);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &full_region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &ccv, 1, &full_subresource_range);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &ccv, 1, &full_subresource_range);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // CmdClearDepthStencilImage
    format = FindSupportedDepthStencilFormat(gpu());
    if (!format) {
        printf("%s No Depth + Stencil format found. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkImageObj image_ds_a(m_device), image_ds_b(m_device);
    image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_ds_a.Init(image_ci);
    image_ds_b.Init(image_ci);

    const VkImageAspectFlags ds_aspect = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT;
    image_ds_a.SetLayout(ds_aspect, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_ds_b.SetLayout(ds_aspect, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    const VkClearDepthStencilValue clear_value = {};
    VkImageSubresourceRange ds_range = {ds_aspect, 0, 1, 0, 1};

    vk::CmdClearDepthStencilImage(cb, image_ds_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &clear_value, 1, &ds_range);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    VkImageSubresourceLayers ds_layers_all{ds_aspect, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageCopy ds_full_region = {ds_layers_all, zero_offset, ds_layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, image_ds_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_ds_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                     &ds_full_region);

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdClearDepthStencilImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_ds_a.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &clear_value, 1,
                                  &ds_range);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdClearDepthStencilImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_ds_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &clear_value, 1,
                                  &ds_range);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCmdQuery) {
    // CmdCopyQueryPoolResults
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));
    if (IsPlatform(kNexusPlayer)) {
        printf("%s This test should not run on Nexus Player\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    if ((m_device->queue_props.empty()) || (m_device->queue_props[0].queueCount < 2)) {
        printf("%s Queue family needs to have multiple queues to run this test.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    uint32_t queue_count;
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(gpu(), &queue_count, NULL);
    std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> queue_props(queue_count);
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(gpu(), &queue_count, queue_props.data());
    if (queue_props[m_device->graphics_queue_node_index_].timestampValidBits == 0) {
        printf("%s Device graphic queue has timestampValidBits of 0, skipping.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    vk_testing::QueryPool query_pool;
    VkQueryPoolCreateInfo query_pool_create_info = LvlInitStruct<VkQueryPoolCreateInfo>();
    query_pool_create_info.queryType = VK_QUERY_TYPE_TIMESTAMP;
    query_pool_create_info.queryCount = 1;
    query_pool.init(*m_device, query_pool_create_info);

    VkBufferObj buffer_a, buffer_b;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdResetQueryPool(cb, query_pool.handle(), 0, 1);
    vk::CmdWriteTimestamp(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_GRAPHICS_BIT, query_pool.handle(), 0);
    vk::CmdCopyQueryPoolResults(cb, query_pool.handle(), 0, 1, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 0, VK_QUERY_RESULT_WAIT_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    vk::CmdResetQueryPool(cb, query_pool.handle(), 0, 1);
    vk::CmdWriteTimestamp(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_GRAPHICS_BIT, query_pool.handle(), 0);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyQueryPoolResults(cb, query_pool.handle(), 0, 1, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 256, VK_QUERY_RESULT_WAIT_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyQueryPoolResults(cb, query_pool.handle(), 0, 1, buffer_b.handle(), 0, 256, VK_QUERY_RESULT_WAIT_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // TODO:Track VkQueryPool
    // TODO:CmdWriteTimestamp
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncCmdDrawDepthStencil) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    const auto format_ds = FindSupportedDepthStencilFormat(gpu());
    if (!format_ds) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "No Depth + Stencil format found. Skipped.";
    }
    const auto format_dp = FindSupportedDepthOnlyFormat(gpu());
    if (!format_dp) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "No only Depth format found. Skipped.";
    }
    const auto format_st = FindSupportedStencilOnlyFormat(gpu());
    if (!format_st) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "No only Stencil format found. Skipped.";
    }

    VkDepthStencilObj image_ds(m_device), image_dp(m_device), image_st(m_device);
    image_ds.Init(m_device, 16, 16, format_ds);
    image_dp.Init(m_device, 16, 16, format_dp);
    image_st.Init(m_device, 16, 16, format_st);

    VkRenderpassObj rp_ds(m_device, format_ds, true), rp_dp(m_device, format_dp, true), rp_st(m_device, format_st, true);

    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb_ds, fb_dp, fb_st;
    VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, nullptr, 0, rp_ds.handle(), 1, image_ds.BindInfo(), 16, 16, 1};
    fb_ds.init(*m_device, fbci);
    fbci = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, nullptr, 0, rp_dp.handle(), 1, image_dp.BindInfo(), 16, 16, 1};
    fb_dp.init(*m_device, fbci);
    fbci = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, nullptr, 0, rp_st.handle(), 1, image_st.BindInfo(), 16, 16, 1};
    fb_st.init(*m_device, fbci);

    VkStencilOpState stencil = {};
    stencil.failOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.passOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.depthFailOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;

    auto ds_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo>();
    ds_ci.depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;
    ds_ci.stencilTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.front = stencil;
    ds_ci.back = stencil;

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_ds(*this), g_pipe_dp(*this), g_pipe_st(*this);
    g_pipe_ds.InitInfo();
    g_pipe_ds.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp_ds.handle();
    g_pipe_ds.gp_ci_.pDepthStencilState = &ds_ci;
    g_pipe_ds.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_ds.CreateGraphicsPipeline());
    g_pipe_dp.InitInfo();
    g_pipe_dp.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp_dp.handle();
    ds_ci.stencilTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
    g_pipe_dp.gp_ci_.pDepthStencilState = &ds_ci;
    g_pipe_dp.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_dp.CreateGraphicsPipeline());
    g_pipe_st.InitInfo();
    g_pipe_st.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp_st.handle();
    ds_ci.depthTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
    ds_ci.stencilTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
    g_pipe_st.gp_ci_.pDepthStencilState = &ds_ci;
    g_pipe_st.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_st.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = nullptr;
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = 0;

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_ds.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_ds.handle();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_ds.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_dp.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_dp.handle();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_dp.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_st.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_st.handle();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_st.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();

    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    VkImageCopy copyRegion;
    copyRegion.srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
    copyRegion.srcSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copyRegion.srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copyRegion.srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copyRegion.srcOffset = {0, 0, 0};
    copyRegion.dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
    copyRegion.dstSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copyRegion.dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copyRegion.dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copyRegion.dstOffset = {0, 0, 0};
    copyRegion.extent = {16, 16, 1};

    m_commandBuffer->CopyImage(image_ds.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, image_dp.handle(),
                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, 1, &copyRegion);

    copyRegion.srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT;
    copyRegion.dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT;
    m_commandBuffer->CopyImage(image_ds.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, image_st.handle(),
                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, 1, &copyRegion);
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_ds.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_ds.handle();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_dp.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_dp.handle();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_st.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb_st.handle();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}


TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, RenderPassLoadHazardVsInitialLayout) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    bool do_none_load_op_test = false;
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_EXT_LOAD_STORE_OP_NONE_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_EXT_LOAD_STORE_OP_NONE_EXTENSION_NAME);
        do_none_load_op_test = true;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage_color = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    VkImageUsageFlags usage_input = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_color(m_device), image_input(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(32, 32, 1, 1, format, usage_color, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_color.Init(image_ci);
    image_ci.usage = usage_input;
    image_input.Init(image_ci);
    VkImageView attachments[] = {image_color.targetView(format), image_input.targetView(format)};

    VkAttachmentDescription attachmentDescriptions[] = {
        // Result attachment
        {(VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags)0, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
         VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE, VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
         VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,  // Here causes DesiredError that SYNC-HAZARD-NONE in BeginRenderPass.
                                     // It should be VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL
         VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL},
        // Input attachment
        {(VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags)0, VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM, VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD,
         VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE, VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
         VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL}};

    const VkAttachmentReference resultAttachmentRef = {0u, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};
    const VkAttachmentReference inputAttachmentRef = {1u, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL};

    const VkSubpassDescription subpassDescription = {(VkSubpassDescriptionFlags)0,
                                                     VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
                                                     1u,
                                                     &inputAttachmentRef,
                                                     1u,
                                                     &resultAttachmentRef,
                                                     0,
                                                     0,
                                                     0u,
                                                     0};

    const VkSubpassDependency subpassDependency = {VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL,
                                                   0,
                                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT,
                                                   VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
                                                   VK_ACCESS_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
                                                   VK_DEPENDENCY_BY_REGION_BIT};

    const VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
                                                   0,
                                                   (VkRenderPassCreateFlags)0,
                                                   2u,
                                                   attachmentDescriptions,
                                                   1u,
                                                   &subpassDescription,
                                                   1u,
                                                   &subpassDependency};
    vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
    rp.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);

    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
    VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, nullptr, 0, rp.handle(), 2, attachments, 32, 32, 1};
    fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

    image_input.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL);

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {32, 32}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    // Even though we have no accesses prior, the layout transition *is* an access, so load can be validated vs. layout transition
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk_testing::RenderPass rp_no_load_store;
    if (do_none_load_op_test) {
        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        attachmentDescriptions[0].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_NONE_EXT;
        attachmentDescriptions[0].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_NONE_EXT;
        attachmentDescriptions[1].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_NONE_EXT;
        attachmentDescriptions[1].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_NONE_EXT;
        rp_no_load_store.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_no_load_store.handle();
        m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
        m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    } else {
        printf("%s VK_EXT_load_store_op_none not supported, skipping sub-test\n", kSkipPrefix);
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncRenderPassWithWrongDepthStencilInitialLayout) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());
    if (IsPlatform(kNexusPlayer)) {
        printf("%s This test should not run on Nexus Player\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkFormat color_format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkFormat ds_format = FindSupportedDepthStencilFormat(gpu());
    if (!ds_format) {
        printf("%s No Depth + Stencil format found. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    VkImageUsageFlags usage_color = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    VkImageUsageFlags usage_ds = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    VkImageObj image_color(m_device), image_color2(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(32, 32, 1, 1, color_format, usage_color, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_color.Init(image_ci);
    image_color2.Init(image_ci);
    VkDepthStencilObj image_ds(m_device);
    image_ds.Init(m_device, 32, 32, ds_format, usage_ds);

    const VkAttachmentDescription colorAttachmentDescription = {(VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags)0,
                                                                color_format,
                                                                VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
                                                                VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
                                                                VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
                                                                VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
                                                                VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
                                                                VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
                                                                VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};

    const VkAttachmentDescription depthStencilAttachmentDescription = {
        (VkAttachmentDescriptionFlags)0, ds_format, VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE, VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR, VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,  // Here causes DesiredError that SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE in BeginRenderPass.
                                    // It should be VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};

    std::vector<VkAttachmentDescription> attachmentDescriptions;
    attachmentDescriptions.push_back(colorAttachmentDescription);
    attachmentDescriptions.push_back(depthStencilAttachmentDescription);

    const VkAttachmentReference colorAttachmentRef = {0u, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};

    const VkAttachmentReference depthStencilAttachmentRef = {1u, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};

    const VkSubpassDescription subpassDescription = {(VkSubpassDescriptionFlags)0,
                                                     VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
                                                     0u,
                                                     0,
                                                     1u,
                                                     &colorAttachmentRef,
                                                     0,
                                                     &depthStencilAttachmentRef,
                                                     0u,
                                                     0};

    const VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
                                                   0,
                                                   (VkRenderPassCreateFlags)0,
                                                   (uint32_t)attachmentDescriptions.size(),
                                                   &attachmentDescriptions[0],
                                                   1u,
                                                   &subpassDescription,
                                                   0u,
                                                   0};
    vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
    rp.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);

    VkImageView fb_attachments[] = {image_color.targetView(color_format),
                                    image_ds.targetView(ds_format, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT | VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_STENCIL_BIT)};
    const VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, 0, 0u, rp.handle(), 2u, fb_attachments, 32, 32, 1u,
    };
    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
    fb.init(*m_device, fbci);
    fb_attachments[0] = image_color2.targetView(color_format);
    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb1;
    fb1.init(*m_device, fbci);

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe(*this);
    g_pipe.InitInfo();
    g_pipe.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();

    VkStencilOpState stencil = {};
    stencil.failOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.passOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.depthFailOp = VK_STENCIL_OP_KEEP;
    stencil.compareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;

    auto ds_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo>();
    ds_ci.depthTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.depthWriteEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;
    ds_ci.stencilTestEnable = VK_TRUE;
    ds_ci.front = stencil;
    ds_ci.back = stencil;

    g_pipe.gp_ci_.pDepthStencilState = &ds_ci;
    g_pipe.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    VkClearValue clear = {};
    std::array<VkClearValue, 2> clear_values = { {clear, clear} };
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clear_values.data();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = clear_values.size();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {32, 32}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb1.handle();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncLayoutTransition) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());
    if (IsPlatform(kNexusPlayer)) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "This test should not run on Nexus Player";
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage_color = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
    VkImageUsageFlags usage_input =
        VK_IMAGE_USAGE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_color(m_device), image_input(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(64, 64, 1, 1, format, usage_input, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_input.InitNoLayout(image_ci);
    image_ci.usage = usage_color;
    image_color.InitNoLayout(image_ci);
    VkImageView view_input = image_input.targetView(format);
    VkImageView view_color = image_color.targetView(format);
    VkImageView attachments[] = {view_color, view_input};

    const VkAttachmentDescription fbAttachment = {
        0u,
        format,
        VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
    };

    std::vector<VkAttachmentDescription> attachmentDescs;
    attachmentDescs.push_back(fbAttachment);

    // Add it as a frame buffer attachment.
    const VkAttachmentDescription inputAttachment = {
        0u,
        format,
        VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
    };
    attachmentDescs.push_back(inputAttachment);

    std::vector<VkAttachmentReference> inputAttachments;
    const VkAttachmentReference inputRef = {
        1u,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL,
    };
    inputAttachments.push_back(inputRef);

    const VkAttachmentReference colorRef = {
        0u,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
    };
    const std::vector<VkAttachmentReference> colorAttachments(1u, colorRef);

    const VkSubpassDescription subpass = {
        0u,
        VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
        static_cast<uint32_t>(inputAttachments.size()),
        inputAttachments.data(),
        static_cast<uint32_t>(colorAttachments.size()),
        colorAttachments.data(),
        0u,
        nullptr,
        0u,
        nullptr,
    };
    const std::vector<VkSubpassDescription> subpasses(1u, subpass);

    const VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
        nullptr,
        0u,
        static_cast<uint32_t>(attachmentDescs.size()),
        attachmentDescs.data(),
        static_cast<uint32_t>(subpasses.size()),
        subpasses.data(),
        0u,
        nullptr,
    };
    vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
    rp.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);

    const VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, 0, 0u, rp.handle(), 2u, attachments, 64, 64, 1u,
    };
    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
    fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_info = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler.init(*m_device, sampler_info);

    char const *fsSource = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(input_attachment_index=0, set=0, binding=0) uniform subpassInput x;
        void main() {
           vec4 color = subpassLoad(x);
        }
    )glsl";

    VkShaderObj vs(this, bindStateVertShaderText, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkShaderObj fs(this, fsSource, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe(*this);
    g_pipe.InitInfo();
    g_pipe.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
    g_pipe.dsl_bindings_ = {{0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, nullptr}};
    g_pipe.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
    g_pipe.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    g_pipe.descriptor_set_->WriteDescriptorImageInfo(0, view_input, sampler.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT);
    g_pipe.descriptor_set_->UpdateDescriptorSets();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    VkClearColorValue ccv = {};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};

    const VkImageMemoryBarrier preClearBarrier = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER, 0, 0, VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,   0, 0, image_input.handle(),         full_subresource_range,
    };
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr, 0u, nullptr, 1u,
                           &preClearBarrier);

    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_input.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, &ccv, 1,
                           &full_subresource_range);

    const VkImageMemoryBarrier postClearBarrier = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
        0,
        VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
        VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL,
        0,
        0,
        image_input.handle(),
        full_subresource_range,
    };
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                           VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT | VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr,
                           0u, nullptr, 1u, &postClearBarrier);

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {64, 64}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &g_pipe.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, nullptr);

    // Positive test for ordering rules between load and input attachment usage
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);

    // Positive test for store ordering vs. input attachment and dependency *to* external for layout transition
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Catch a conflict with the input attachment final layout transition
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_input.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &ccv, 1,
                           &full_subresource_range);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // There should be no hazard for ILT after ILT
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr, 0u, nullptr, 1u,
                           &preClearBarrier);
    const VkImageMemoryBarrier wawBarrier = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
        0,
        VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
        VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL,
        0,
        0,
        image_input.handle(),
        full_subresource_range,
    };
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_VERTEX_SHADER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr, 0u,
                           nullptr, 1u, &wawBarrier);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncSubpassMultiDep) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());
    if (IsPlatform(kNexusPlayer)) {
        printf("%s This test should not run on Nexus Player\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkImageUsageFlags usage_color = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT;
    VkImageUsageFlags usage_input =
        VK_IMAGE_USAGE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_color(m_device), image_input(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(64, 64, 1, 1, format, usage_input, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_input.InitNoLayout(image_ci);
    image_ci.usage = usage_color;
    image_color.InitNoLayout(image_ci);
    VkImageView view_input = image_input.targetView(format);
    VkImageView view_color = image_color.targetView(format);
    VkImageView attachments[] = {view_color, view_input};
    VkImageSubresourceRange full_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers mip_0_layer_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D image_zero{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D image_size{64, 64, 1};
    VkImageCopy full_region{mip_0_layer_0, image_zero, mip_0_layer_0, image_zero, image_size};

    const VkAttachmentDescription fbAttachment = {
        0u,
        format,
        VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
    };

    std::vector<VkAttachmentDescription> attachmentDescs;
    attachmentDescs.push_back(fbAttachment);

    // Add it as a frame buffer attachment.
    const VkAttachmentDescription inputAttachment = {
        0u,
        format,
        VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
    };
    attachmentDescs.push_back(inputAttachment);

    std::vector<VkAttachmentReference> inputAttachments;
    const VkAttachmentReference inputRef = {
        1u,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
    };
    inputAttachments.push_back(inputRef);

    const VkAttachmentReference colorRef = {
        0u,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
    };
    const std::vector<VkAttachmentReference> colorAttachments(1u, colorRef);

    const VkSubpassDescription subpass = {
        0u,
        VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
        static_cast<uint32_t>(inputAttachments.size()),
        inputAttachments.data(),
        static_cast<uint32_t>(colorAttachments.size()),
        colorAttachments.data(),
        0u,
        nullptr,
        0u,
        nullptr,
    };
    const std::vector<VkSubpassDescription> subpasses(1u, subpass);

    std::vector<VkSubpassDependency> subpass_dep_postive;
    subpass_dep_postive.push_back({VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, 0, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                   VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});
    subpass_dep_postive.push_back({VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, 0, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
                                   VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT, VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});
    subpass_dep_postive.push_back({0, VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                   VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT, VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});
    subpass_dep_postive.push_back({0, VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                   VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});

    VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderPassInfo = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO,
        nullptr,
        0u,
        static_cast<uint32_t>(attachmentDescs.size()),
        attachmentDescs.data(),
        static_cast<uint32_t>(subpasses.size()),
        subpasses.data(),
        static_cast<uint32_t>(subpass_dep_postive.size()),
        subpass_dep_postive.data(),
    };
    vk_testing::RenderPass rp_positive;
    rp_positive.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);

    std::vector<VkSubpassDependency> subpass_dep_negative;
    subpass_dep_negative.push_back({VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, 0, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                    VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});
    // Show that the two barriers do *not* chain by breaking the positive barrier into two bits.
    subpass_dep_negative.push_back({VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, 0, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT,
                                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, 0,
                                    VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});
    subpass_dep_negative.push_back({VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL, 0, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                    VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT,
                                    VK_DEPENDENCY_VIEW_LOCAL_BIT});

    renderPassInfo.dependencyCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(subpass_dep_negative.size());
    renderPassInfo.pDependencies = subpass_dep_negative.data();
    vk_testing::RenderPass rp_negative;
    rp_negative.init(*m_device, renderPassInfo);

    // rp_postive and rp_negative should be compatible for the same fb object
    const VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO, 0, 0u, rp_positive.handle(), 2u, attachments, 64, 64, 1u,
    };
    vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
    fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_info = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler.init(*m_device, sampler_info);

    char const *fsSource = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(input_attachment_index=0, set=0, binding=0) uniform subpassInput x;
        void main() {
           vec4 color = subpassLoad(x);
        }
    )glsl";

    VkShaderObj vs(this, bindStateVertShaderText, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkShaderObj fs(this, fsSource, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe(*this);
    g_pipe.InitInfo();
    g_pipe.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
    g_pipe.dsl_bindings_ = {{0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, nullptr}};
    g_pipe.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp_positive.handle();
    g_pipe.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    g_pipe.descriptor_set_->WriteDescriptorImageInfo(0, view_input, sampler.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT);
    g_pipe.descriptor_set_->UpdateDescriptorSets();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    VkClearColorValue ccv = {};

    const VkImageMemoryBarrier xferDestBarrier = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
                                                  nullptr,
                                                  VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT | VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_WRITE_BIT,
                                                  VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
                                                  VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
                                                  VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
                                                  VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
                                                  VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
                                                  VK_NULL_HANDLE,
                                                  full_subresource_range};
    const VkImageMemoryBarrier xferDestToSrcBarrier = {
        VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER,
        nullptr,
        VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT,
        VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
        VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL,
        VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
        VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED,
        VK_NULL_HANDLE,
        full_subresource_range,
    };

    VkImageMemoryBarrier preClearBarrier = xferDestBarrier;
    preClearBarrier.image = image_color.handle();

    VkImageMemoryBarrier preCopyBarriers[2] = {xferDestToSrcBarrier, xferDestBarrier};
    preCopyBarriers[0].image = image_color.handle();
    preCopyBarriers[1].image = image_input.handle();
    // Positive test for ordering rules between load and input attachment usage
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr, 0u, nullptr, 1u,
                           &preClearBarrier);

    vk::CmdClearColorImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_color.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, &ccv, 1,
                           &full_subresource_range);

    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(cb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0u, 0u, nullptr, 0u, nullptr, 2u,
                           preCopyBarriers);

    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_color.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_input.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1u, &full_region);

    // No post copy image barrier, we are testing the subpass dependencies

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {64, 64}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_positive.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

    // Postive renderpass multidependency test
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &g_pipe.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, nullptr);

    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);

    // Positive test for store ordering vs. input attachment and dependency *to* external for layout transition
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    // m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_color.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_input.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_TRANSFER_DST_OPTIMAL, 1u, &full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {64, 64}};
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp_negative.handle();
    m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

    // Postive renderpass multidependency test, will fail IFF the dependencies are acting indepently.
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, RenderPassAsyncHazard) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    if (IsPlatform(kPixel3) || IsPlatform(kPixel3aXL)) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Temporarily disabling on Pixel 3 and Pixel 3a XL due to driver crash";
    }

    // overall set up:
    // subpass 0:
    //   write image 0
    // subpass 1:
    //   read image 0
    //   write image 1
    // subpass 2:
    //   read image 0
    //   write image 2
    // subpass 3:
    //   read image 0
    //   write image 3
    //
    // subpasses 1 & 2 can run in parallel but both should depend on 0
    // subpass 3 must run after 1 & 2 because otherwise the store operation will
    // race with the reads in the other subpasses.

    constexpr VkFormat kFormat = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    constexpr uint32_t kWidth = 32, kHeight = 32;
    constexpr uint32_t kNumImages = 4;

    VkImageCreateInfo src_img_info = LvlInitStruct<VkImageCreateInfo>();
    src_img_info.flags = 0;
    src_img_info.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
    src_img_info.format = kFormat;
    src_img_info.extent = {kWidth, kHeight, 1};
    src_img_info.mipLevels = 1;
    src_img_info.arrayLayers = 1;
    src_img_info.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_2_BIT;
    src_img_info.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
    src_img_info.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    src_img_info.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
    src_img_info.queueFamilyIndexCount = 0;
    src_img_info.pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr;
    src_img_info.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;

    VkImageCreateInfo dst_img_info = LvlInitStruct<VkImageCreateInfo>();
    dst_img_info.flags = 0;
    dst_img_info.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
    dst_img_info.format = kFormat;
    dst_img_info.extent = {kWidth, kHeight, 1};
    dst_img_info.mipLevels = 1;
    dst_img_info.arrayLayers = 1;
    dst_img_info.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    dst_img_info.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
    dst_img_info.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
    dst_img_info.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
    dst_img_info.queueFamilyIndexCount = 0;
    dst_img_info.pQueueFamilyIndices = nullptr;
    dst_img_info.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;

    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<VkImageObj>> images;
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < kNumImages; i++) {
        images.emplace_back(new VkImageObj(m_device));
    }
    images[0]->Init(src_img_info);
    for (uint32_t i = 1; i < images.size(); i++) {
        images[i]->Init(dst_img_info);
    }

    std::array<VkImageView, kNumImages> attachments{};
    std::array<VkAttachmentDescription, kNumImages> attachment_descriptions{};
    std::array<VkAttachmentReference, kNumImages> color_refs{};
    std::array<VkImageMemoryBarrier, kNumImages> img_barriers{};

    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < attachments.size(); i++) {
        attachments[i] = images[i]->targetView(kFormat);
        attachment_descriptions[i] = {};
        attachment_descriptions[i].flags = 0;
        attachment_descriptions[i].format = kFormat;
        attachment_descriptions[i].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
        attachment_descriptions[i].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
        attachment_descriptions[i].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
        attachment_descriptions[i].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
        attachment_descriptions[i].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
        attachment_descriptions[i].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
        attachment_descriptions[i].finalLayout =
            (i == 0) ? VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL : VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;

        color_refs[i] = {i, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL};

        img_barriers[i] = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
        img_barriers[i].srcAccessMask = 0;
        img_barriers[i].dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
        img_barriers[i].oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
        img_barriers[i].newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
        img_barriers[i].srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
        img_barriers[i].dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
        img_barriers[i].image = images[i]->handle();
        img_barriers[i].subresourceRange = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, VK_REMAINING_MIP_LEVELS, 0, VK_REMAINING_ARRAY_LAYERS};
    }

    const VkAttachmentReference input_ref{0u, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL};

    std::array<std::array<uint32_t, 2>, kNumImages - 1> preserve_subpass{{{2, 3}, {1, 3}, {1, 2}}};

    std::array<VkSubpassDescription, kNumImages> subpasses{};

    subpasses[0].pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
    subpasses[0].inputAttachmentCount = 0;
    subpasses[0].pInputAttachments = nullptr;
    subpasses[0].colorAttachmentCount = 1;
    subpasses[0].pColorAttachments = &color_refs[0];

    for (uint32_t i = 1; i < subpasses.size(); i++) {
        subpasses[i].pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
        subpasses[i].inputAttachmentCount = 1;
        subpasses[i].pInputAttachments = &input_ref;
        subpasses[i].colorAttachmentCount = 1;
        subpasses[i].pColorAttachments = &color_refs[1];
        subpasses[i].preserveAttachmentCount = preserve_subpass[i - 1].size();
        subpasses[i].pPreserveAttachments = preserve_subpass[i - 1].data();
    }

    VkRenderPassCreateInfo renderpass_info = LvlInitStruct<VkRenderPassCreateInfo>();
    renderpass_info.flags = 0;
    renderpass_info.attachmentCount = attachment_descriptions.size();
    renderpass_info.pAttachments = attachment_descriptions.data();
    renderpass_info.subpassCount = subpasses.size();
    renderpass_info.pSubpasses = subpasses.data();
    renderpass_info.dependencyCount = 0;
    renderpass_info.pDependencies = nullptr;

    VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbci = LvlInitStruct<VkFramebufferCreateInfo>();
    fbci.flags = 0;
    fbci.attachmentCount = attachments.size();
    fbci.pAttachments = attachments.data();
    fbci.width = kWidth;
    fbci.height = kHeight;
    fbci.layers = 1;

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_info = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler.init(*m_device, sampler_info);

    char const *fsSource = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(input_attachment_index=0, set=0, binding=0) uniform subpassInput x;
        void main() {
           vec4 color = subpassLoad(x);
        }
    )glsl";

    VkShaderObj vs(this, bindStateVertShaderText, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkShaderObj fs(this, fsSource, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    VkClearValue clear = {};
    clear.color = m_clear_color;
    std::array<VkClearValue, 4> clear_values = {{clear, clear, clear, clear}};

    // run the renderpass with no dependencies
    {
        vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
        vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
        rp.init(*m_device, renderpass_info);

        fbci.renderPass = rp.handle();
        fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_0(*this);
        g_pipe_0.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_0.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_0.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_0.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_12(*this);
        g_pipe_12.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_12.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
        g_pipe_12.dsl_bindings_ = {{0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, nullptr}};
        g_pipe_12.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_12.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_12.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->WriteDescriptorImageInfo(0, attachments[0], sampler.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT);
        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->UpdateDescriptorSets();

        m_commandBuffer->begin();

        vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
                               VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, img_barriers.size(),
                               img_barriers.data());

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clear_values.data();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = clear_values.size();

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {kWidth, kHeight}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

        vk::CmdBeginRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &m_renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
        vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_);
        vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0,
                                  1, &g_pipe_0.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);

        vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);

        for (uint32_t i = 1; i < subpasses.size(); i++) {
            vk::CmdNextSubpass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_12.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
                                      g_pipe_12.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1, &g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);

            // we're racing the writes from subpass 0 with our shader reads
            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ-RACING-WRITE");
            vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
        }

        // we should get an error from async checking in both subpasses 2 & 3
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-WRITE");
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-WRITE");
        vk::CmdEndRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle());
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }

    // add dependencies from subpass 0 to the others, which are necessary but not sufficient
    std::vector<VkSubpassDependency> subpass_dependencies;
    for (uint32_t i = 1; i < subpasses.size(); i++) {
        VkSubpassDependency dep{0,
                                i,
                                VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT,
                                VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                VK_ACCESS_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT,
                                0};
        subpass_dependencies.push_back(dep);
    }
    renderpass_info.dependencyCount = subpass_dependencies.size();
    renderpass_info.pDependencies = subpass_dependencies.data();

    {
        vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
        vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
        rp.init(*m_device, renderpass_info);

        fbci.renderPass = rp.handle();
        fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_0(*this);
        g_pipe_0.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_0.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_0.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_0.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_12(*this);
        g_pipe_12.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_12.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
        g_pipe_12.dsl_bindings_ = {{0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, nullptr}};
        g_pipe_12.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_12.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_12.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->WriteDescriptorImageInfo(0, attachments[0], sampler.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT);
        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->UpdateDescriptorSets();

        m_commandBuffer->begin();

        vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
                               VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, img_barriers.size(),
                               img_barriers.data());

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clear_values.data();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = clear_values.size();

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {kWidth, kHeight}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

        vk::CmdBeginRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &m_renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
        vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_);
        vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0,
                                  1, &g_pipe_0.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);

        vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);

        for (uint32_t i = 1; i < subpasses.size(); i++) {
            vk::CmdNextSubpass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_12.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
                                      g_pipe_12.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1, &g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);
            vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);
        }
        // expect this error because 2 subpasses could try to do the store operation
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-WRITE");
        // ... and this one because the store could happen during a shader read from another subpass
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-READ");
        vk::CmdEndRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle());
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }

    // try again with correct dependencies to make subpass 3 depend on 1 & 2
    for (uint32_t i = 1; i < (subpasses.size() - 1); i++) {
        VkSubpassDependency dep{i,
                                static_cast<uint32_t>(subpasses.size() - 1),
                                VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT,
                                VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT,
                                VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT,
                                VK_ACCESS_INPUT_ATTACHMENT_READ_BIT,
                                0};
        subpass_dependencies.push_back(dep);
    }
    renderpass_info.dependencyCount = subpass_dependencies.size();
    renderpass_info.pDependencies = subpass_dependencies.data();
    {
        vk_testing::RenderPass rp;
        vk_testing::Framebuffer fb;
        rp.init(*m_device, renderpass_info);

        fbci.renderPass = rp.handle();
        fb.init(*m_device, fbci);

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_0(*this);
        g_pipe_0.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_0.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_0.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_0.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe_12(*this);
        g_pipe_12.InitInfo();
        g_pipe_12.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
        g_pipe_12.dsl_bindings_ = {{0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT, nullptr}};
        g_pipe_12.gp_ci_.renderPass = rp.handle();
        g_pipe_12.InitState();
        ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe_12.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->WriteDescriptorImageInfo(0, attachments[0], sampler.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_INPUT_ATTACHMENT);
        g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->UpdateDescriptorSets();

        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        m_commandBuffer->begin();
        vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT,
                               VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OUTPUT_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr, img_barriers.size(),
                               img_barriers.data());

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.pClearValues = clear_values.data();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.clearValueCount = clear_values.size();

        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderArea = {{0, 0}, {kWidth, kHeight}};
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.renderPass = rp.handle();
        m_renderPassBeginInfo.framebuffer = fb.handle();

        vk::CmdBeginRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &m_renderPassBeginInfo, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
        vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_);
        vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_0.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0,
                                  1, &g_pipe_0.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);

        vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);

        for (uint32_t i = 1; i < subpasses.size(); i++) {
            vk::CmdNextSubpass(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
            vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe_12.pipeline_);
            vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS,
                                      g_pipe_12.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1, &g_pipe_12.descriptor_set_->set_, 0, NULL);
            vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);
        }

        vk::CmdEndRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle());

        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncEventsBufferCopy) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Check Set/Wait protection for a variety of use cases using buffer copies");
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};
    VkBufferCopy front2front = {0, 0, 128};
    VkBufferCopy front2back = {0, 128, 128};
    VkBufferCopy back2back = {128, 128, 128};

    VkEventObj event;
    event.init(*m_device, VkEventObj::create_info(0));
    VkEvent event_handle = event.handle();

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    // Copy after set for WAR (note we are writing to the back half of c but only reading from the front
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &back2back);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &front2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // WAR prevented
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    // Just protect against WAR, only need a sync barrier.
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Wait shouldn't prevent this WAW though, as it's only a synchronization barrier
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Prevent WAR and WAW
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    auto mem_barrier_waw = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier_waw.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier_waw.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 1,
                                &mem_barrier_waw, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    // The WAW should be safe (on a memory barrier)
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    // The WAR should also be safe (on a sync barrier)
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Barrier range check for WAW
    auto buffer_barrier_front_waw = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.buffer = buffer_b.handle();
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.offset = front2front.dstOffset;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.size = front2front.size;

    // Front safe, back WAW
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 1,
                                &buffer_barrier_front_waw, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &back2back);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncEventsCopyImageHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 2, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_a.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_b.initialized());

    VkImageObj image_c(m_device);
    image_c.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_c.initialized());

    VkEventObj event;
    event.init(*m_device, VkEventObj::create_info(0));
    VkEvent event_handle = event.handle();

    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_all{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 2};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_0{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layers_1{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 1};
    VkImageSubresourceRange layers_0_subresource_range{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkOffset3D half_offset{64, 64, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkExtent3D half_extent{64, 64, 1};    // <-- image type is 2D

    VkImageCopy full_region = {layers_all, zero_offset, layers_all, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_to_0 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_1_to_1 = {layers_1, zero_offset, layers_1, zero_offset, full_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_q0toq0 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, zero_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_q0toq3 = {layers_0, zero_offset, layers_0, half_offset, half_extent};
    VkImageCopy region_0_q3toq3 = {layers_0, half_offset, layers_0, half_offset, half_extent};

    auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    auto copy_general = [cb](const VkImageObj &from, const VkImageObj &to, const VkImageCopy &region) {
        vk::CmdCopyImage(cb, from.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, to.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &region);
    };

    auto set_layouts = [this, &image_a, &image_b, &image_c]() {
        image_c.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
        image_b.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
        image_a.SetLayout(m_commandBuffer, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    };

    // Scope check.  One access in, one access not
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    set_layouts();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, full_region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    copy_general(image_a, image_c, region_0_q3toq3);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    copy_general(image_c, image_a, region_0_q0toq0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    copy_general(image_c, image_a, region_0_q0toq3);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // WAR prevented
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    set_layouts();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, full_region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    // Just protect against WAR, only need a sync barrier.
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    copy_general(image_c, image_a, full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Wait shouldn't prevent this WAW though, as it's only a synchronization barrier
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    copy_general(image_c, image_b, full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Prevent WAR and WAW
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    set_layouts();
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, full_region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    auto mem_barrier_waw = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    mem_barrier_waw.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    mem_barrier_waw.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 1,
                                &mem_barrier_waw, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    // The WAW should be safe (on a memory barrier)
    copy_general(image_c, image_b, full_region);
    // The WAR should also be safe (on a sync barrier)
    copy_general(image_c, image_a, full_region);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Barrier range check for WAW
    auto image_barrier_region0_waw = LvlInitStruct<VkImageMemoryBarrier>();
    image_barrier_region0_waw.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
    image_barrier_region0_waw.image = image_b.handle();
    image_barrier_region0_waw.subresourceRange = layers_0_subresource_range;

    // Region 0 safe, back WAW
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    set_layouts();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, full_region);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 1, &image_barrier_region0_waw);
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, region_0_to_0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    copy_general(image_a, image_b, region_1_to_1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncEventsCommandHazards) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Check Set/Reset/Wait command hazard checking");
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkEventObj event;
    event.init(*m_device, VkEventObj::create_info(0));

    const VkEvent event_handle = event.handle();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->ResetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "VUID-vkCmdResetEvent-event-03834");
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0, nullptr,
                                0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-vkCmdResetEvent-missingbarrier-wait");
    m_commandBuffer->ResetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->ResetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-vkCmdSetEvent-missingbarrier-reset");
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->PipelineBarrier(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, 0U, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                     nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_commandBuffer->ResetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_commandBuffer->PipelineBarrier(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, 0U, 0, nullptr, 0,
                                     nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Need a barrier between set and a reset
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-vkCmdResetEvent-missingbarrier-set");
    m_commandBuffer->ResetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-vkCmdSetEvent-missingbarrier-set");
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // Secondary command buffer events tests
    const auto cb = m_commandBuffer->handle();
    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy front2front = {0, 0, 128};

    // Barrier range check for WAW
    auto buffer_barrier_front_waw = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.buffer = buffer_b.handle();
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.offset = front2front.dstOffset;
    buffer_barrier_front_waw.size = front2front.size;

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj secondary_cb1(m_device, m_commandPool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_SECONDARY);
    VkCommandBuffer scb1 = secondary_cb1.handle();
    secondary_cb1.begin();
    secondary_cb1.WaitEvents(1, &event_handle, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, nullptr, 1,
                             &buffer_barrier_front_waw, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(scb1, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    secondary_cb1.end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // One secondary cb hazarding with primary
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 1, &scb1);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    // One secondary cb sharing event with primary
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(cb, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &front2front);
    m_commandBuffer->SetEvent(event, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    vk::CmdExecuteCommands(cb, 1, &scb1);
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkLayerTest, CmdWaitEvents2KHRUsedButSynchronizaion2Disabled) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Using CmdWaitEvents2KHR when synchronization2 is not enabled");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_3);

    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitFramework());
    if (!AreRequiredExtensionsEnabled()) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << RequiredExtensionsNotSupported() << " not supported";
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    bool vulkan_13 = (DeviceValidationVersion() >= VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    auto fpCmdWaitEvents2KHR = (PFN_vkCmdWaitEvents2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdWaitEvents2KHR");

    VkEventObj event;
    event.init(*m_device, VkEventObj::create_info(0));
    VkEvent event_handle = event.handle();

    VkDependencyInfoKHR dependency_info = LvlInitStruct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdWaitEvents2-synchronization2-03836");
    fpCmdWaitEvents2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, &event_handle, &dependency_info);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    if (vulkan_13) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdWaitEvents2-synchronization2-03836");
        vk::CmdWaitEvents2(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, &event_handle, &dependency_info);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    }
    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkLayerTest, Sync2FeatureDisabled) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Call sync2 functions when the feature is disabled");

    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_SYNCHRONIZATION_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitFramework());
    if (!AreRequiredExtensionsEnabled()) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << RequiredExtensionsNotSupported() << " not supported";
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    bool vulkan_13 = (DeviceValidationVersion() >= VK_API_VERSION_1_3);
    VkPhysicalDeviceSynchronization2FeaturesKHR synchronization2 = LvlInitStruct<VkPhysicalDeviceSynchronization2FeaturesKHR>();
    synchronization2.synchronization2 = VK_FALSE;  // Invalid
    auto features2 = LvlInitStruct<VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR>(&synchronization2);
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2(gpu(), &features2);

    auto vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR =
        (PFN_vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR");
    auto vkCmdResetEvent2KHR = (PFN_vkCmdResetEvent2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdResetEvent2KHR");
    auto vkCmdSetEvent2KHR = (PFN_vkCmdSetEvent2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdSetEvent2KHR");
    auto vkCmdWriteTimestamp2KHR =
        (PFN_vkCmdWriteTimestamp2KHR)vk::GetDeviceProcAddr(m_device->device(), "vkCmdWriteTimestamp2KHR");

    bool timestamp = false;

    uint32_t queue_count;
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(gpu(), &queue_count, NULL);
    std::vector<VkQueueFamilyProperties> queue_props(queue_count);
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(gpu(), &queue_count, queue_props.data());
    if (queue_props[m_device->graphics_queue_node_index_].timestampValidBits > 0) {
        timestamp = true;
    }

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    VkDependencyInfoKHR dependency_info = LvlInitStruct<VkDependencyInfoKHR>();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdPipelineBarrier2-synchronization2-03848");
    vkCmdPipelineBarrier2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &dependency_info);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    VkEventCreateInfo eci = LvlInitStruct<VkEventCreateInfo>();
    vk_testing::Event event;
    event.init(*m_device, eci);

    VkPipelineStageFlagBits2KHR stage = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_TOP_OF_PIPE_BIT_KHR;

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdResetEvent2-synchronization2-03829");
    vkCmdResetEvent2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), event.handle(), stage);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdSetEvent2-synchronization2-03824");
    vkCmdSetEvent2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), event.handle(), &dependency_info);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    if (timestamp) {
        VkQueryPoolCreateInfo qpci = LvlInitStruct<VkQueryPoolCreateInfo>();
        qpci.queryType = VK_QUERY_TYPE_TIMESTAMP;
        qpci.queryCount = 1;

        vk_testing::QueryPool query_pool;
        query_pool.init(*m_device, qpci);

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdWriteTimestamp2-synchronization2-03858");
        vkCmdWriteTimestamp2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), stage, query_pool.handle(), 0);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
        if (vulkan_13) {
            m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdWriteTimestamp2-synchronization2-03858");
            vk::CmdWriteTimestamp2(m_commandBuffer->handle(), stage, query_pool.handle(), 0);
            m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
        }
    }
    if (vulkan_13) {
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdPipelineBarrier2-synchronization2-03848");
        vk::CmdPipelineBarrier2(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &dependency_info);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdResetEvent2-synchronization2-03829");
        vk::CmdResetEvent2(m_commandBuffer->handle(), event.handle(), stage);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "VUID-vkCmdSetEvent2-synchronization2-03824");
        vk::CmdSetEvent2(m_commandBuffer->handle(), event.handle(), &dependency_info);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
    }

    m_commandBuffer->end();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, DestroyedUnusedDescriptors) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Verify unused descriptors are ignored and don't crash syncval if they've been destroyed.");
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_1);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_KHR_MAINTENANCE_3_EXTENSION_NAME);
    AddRequiredExtensions(VK_EXT_DESCRIPTOR_INDEXING_EXTENSION_NAME);

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());

    if (!AreRequiredExtensionsEnabled()) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << RequiredExtensionsNotSupported() << " not supported";
    }

    auto indexing_features = LvlInitStruct<VkPhysicalDeviceDescriptorIndexingFeaturesEXT>();
    auto features2 = LvlInitStruct<VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR>();
    features2.pNext = &indexing_features;

    auto vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR = reinterpret_cast<PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR>(
        vk::GetInstanceProcAddr(instance(), "vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR != nullptr);

    vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures2KHR(gpu(), &features2);
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, &features2));
    if (!indexing_features.descriptorBindingPartiallyBound) {
        printf("%s Partially bound bindings not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }
    if (!indexing_features.descriptorBindingUpdateUnusedWhilePending) {
        printf("%s Updating unused while pending is not supported, skipping test\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitViewport());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

    VkDescriptorSetLayoutBindingFlagsCreateInfoEXT layout_createinfo_binding_flags =
        LvlInitStruct<VkDescriptorSetLayoutBindingFlagsCreateInfoEXT>();
    constexpr size_t kNumDescriptors = 6;

    std::array<VkDescriptorBindingFlagsEXT, kNumDescriptors> ds_binding_flags;
    for (auto &elem : ds_binding_flags) {
        elem = VK_DESCRIPTOR_BINDING_PARTIALLY_BOUND_BIT_EXT | VK_DESCRIPTOR_BINDING_UPDATE_UNUSED_WHILE_PENDING_BIT_EXT;
    }

    layout_createinfo_binding_flags.bindingCount = ds_binding_flags.size();
    layout_createinfo_binding_flags.pBindingFlags = ds_binding_flags.data();

    // Prepare descriptors
    OneOffDescriptorSet descriptor_set(m_device,
                                       {
                                           {0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {1, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {2, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {3, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_SAMPLER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {4, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {5, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                       },
                                       0, &layout_createinfo_binding_flags, 0);
    const VkPipelineLayoutObj pipeline_layout(m_device, {&descriptor_set.layout_});
    uint32_t qfi = 0;
    auto buffer_create_info = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferCreateInfo>();
    buffer_create_info.size = 32;
    buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT;
    buffer_create_info.queueFamilyIndexCount = 1;
    buffer_create_info.pQueueFamilyIndices = &qfi;

    VkBufferObj doit_buffer;
    doit_buffer.init(*m_device, buffer_create_info);

    auto buffer = layer_data::make_unique<VkBufferObj>();
    buffer->init(*m_device, buffer_create_info);

    VkDescriptorBufferInfo buffer_info[2] = {};
    buffer_info[0].buffer = doit_buffer.handle();
    buffer_info[0].offset = 0;
    buffer_info[0].range = sizeof(uint32_t);
    buffer_info[1].buffer = buffer->handle();
    buffer_info[1].offset = 0;
    buffer_info[1].range = sizeof(uint32_t);

    VkBufferObj texel_buffer;
    buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT;
    texel_buffer.init(*m_device, buffer_create_info);

    auto bvci = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferViewCreateInfo>();
    bvci.buffer = texel_buffer.handle();
    bvci.format = VK_FORMAT_R32_SFLOAT;
    bvci.offset = 0;
    bvci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    auto texel_bufferview = layer_data::make_unique<vk_testing::BufferView>();
    texel_bufferview->init(*m_device, bvci);

    auto index_buffer_create_info = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferCreateInfo>();
    index_buffer_create_info.size = sizeof(uint32_t);
    index_buffer_create_info.usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_INDEX_BUFFER_BIT;
    VkBufferObj index_buffer;
    index_buffer.init(*m_device, index_buffer_create_info);

    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj sampled_image(m_device);
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    sampled_image.Init(image_ci);
    auto sampled_view = layer_data::make_unique<vk_testing::ImageView>();
    auto imageview_ci = SafeSaneImageViewCreateInfo(sampled_image, format, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
    sampled_view->init(*m_device, imageview_ci);

    VkImageObj combined_image(m_device);
    image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    combined_image.Init(image_ci);
    imageview_ci = SafeSaneImageViewCreateInfo(combined_image, format, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT);
    auto combined_view = layer_data::make_unique<vk_testing::ImageView>();
    combined_view->init(*m_device, imageview_ci);

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_ci = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler.init(*m_device, sampler_ci);

    VkDescriptorImageInfo image_info[3] = {};
    image_info[0].sampler = sampler.handle();
    image_info[0].imageView = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    image_info[0].imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
    image_info[1].sampler = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    image_info[1].imageView = sampled_view->handle();
    image_info[1].imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;
    image_info[2].sampler = sampler.handle();
    image_info[2].imageView = combined_view->handle();
    image_info[2].imageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;

    // Update all descriptors
    std::array<VkWriteDescriptorSet, kNumDescriptors> descriptor_writes;
    descriptor_writes[0] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[0].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[0].dstBinding = 0;
    descriptor_writes[0].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[0].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
    descriptor_writes[0].pBufferInfo = &buffer_info[0];

    descriptor_writes[1] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[1].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[1].dstBinding = 1;
    descriptor_writes[1].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[1].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER;
    descriptor_writes[1].pBufferInfo = &buffer_info[1];

    descriptor_writes[2] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[2].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[2].dstBinding = 2;
    descriptor_writes[2].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[2].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_TEXEL_BUFFER;
    descriptor_writes[2].pTexelBufferView = &texel_bufferview->handle();

    descriptor_writes[3] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[3].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[3].dstBinding = 3;
    descriptor_writes[3].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[3].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_SAMPLER;
    descriptor_writes[3].pImageInfo = &image_info[0];

    descriptor_writes[4] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[4].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[4].dstBinding = 4;
    descriptor_writes[4].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[4].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_SAMPLED_IMAGE;
    descriptor_writes[4].pImageInfo = &image_info[1];

    descriptor_writes[5] = LvlInitStruct<VkWriteDescriptorSet>();
    descriptor_writes[5].dstSet = descriptor_set.set_;
    descriptor_writes[5].dstBinding = 5;
    descriptor_writes[5].descriptorCount = 1;
    descriptor_writes[5].descriptorType = VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER;
    descriptor_writes[5].pImageInfo = &image_info[2];

    vk::UpdateDescriptorSets(m_device->device(), descriptor_writes.size(), descriptor_writes.data(), 0, NULL);

    // only descriptor 0 is used, the rest are going to get destroyed
    char const *shader_source = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(set = 0, binding = 0) uniform foo_0 { int val; } doit;
        layout(set = 0, binding = 1) uniform foo_1 { int val; } readit;
        layout(set = 0, binding = 2) uniform samplerBuffer texels;
        layout(set = 0, binding = 3) uniform sampler samp;
        layout(set = 0, binding = 4) uniform texture2D img;
        layout(set = 0, binding = 5) uniform sampler2D sampled_image;

        void main() {
            vec4 x;
            vec4 y;
            vec4 z;
            if (doit.val == 0) {
                gl_Position = vec4(0.0);
                x = vec4(0.0);
                y = vec4(0.0);
                z = vec4(0.0);
            } else {
                gl_Position = vec4(readit.val);
                x = texelFetch(texels, 5);
                y = texture(sampler2D(img, samp), vec2(0));
                z = texture(sampled_image, vec2(0));
	    }
        }
    )glsl";

    VkShaderObj vs(this, shader_source, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkPipelineObj pipe(m_device);
    pipe.AddShader(&vs);
    pipe.AddDefaultColorAttachment();
    pipe.CreateVKPipeline(pipeline_layout.handle(), m_renderPass);
    VkCommandBufferBeginInfo begin_info = LvlInitStruct<VkCommandBufferBeginInfo>();
    m_commandBuffer->begin(&begin_info);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipe.handle());
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipeline_layout.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    // destroy resources for the unused descriptors
    buffer.reset();
    texel_bufferview.reset();
    sampled_view.reset();
    combined_view.reset();

    vk::CmdBindIndexBuffer(m_commandBuffer->handle(), index_buffer.handle(), 0, VK_INDEX_TYPE_UINT32);
    VkViewport viewport = {0, 0, 16, 16, 0, 1};
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    VkRect2D scissor = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);
    vk::CmdDrawIndexed(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 1, 0, 0, 0);
    vk::CmdEndRenderPass(m_commandBuffer->handle());
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_commandBuffer->QueueCommandBuffer();
    vk::QueueWaitIdle(m_device->m_queue);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, TestInvalidExternalSubpassDependency) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Test write after write hazard with invalid external subpass dependency");

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState());

    VkSubpassDependency subpass_dependency = {};
    subpass_dependency.srcSubpass = 0;
    subpass_dependency.dstSubpass = VK_SUBPASS_EXTERNAL;
    subpass_dependency.srcStageMask = 0;
    subpass_dependency.dstStageMask = 0;
    subpass_dependency.srcAccessMask = 0;
    subpass_dependency.dstAccessMask = 0;
    subpass_dependency.dependencyFlags = 0;

    VkAttachmentReference attach_ref1 = {};
    attach_ref1.attachment = 0;
    attach_ref1.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
    VkAttachmentReference attach_ref2 = {};
    attach_ref2.attachment = 0;
    attach_ref2.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_SHADER_READ_ONLY_OPTIMAL;

    VkSubpassDescription subpass_descriptions[2] = {};
    subpass_descriptions[0].pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
    subpass_descriptions[0].pDepthStencilAttachment = &attach_ref1;
    subpass_descriptions[1].pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
    subpass_descriptions[1].pDepthStencilAttachment = &attach_ref2;

    VkAttachmentDescription attachment_description = {};
    attachment_description.format = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
    attachment_description.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    attachment_description.loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_LOAD;
    attachment_description.storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_STORE;
    attachment_description.stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
    attachment_description.stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
    attachment_description.initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
    attachment_description.finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;

    auto rp_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkRenderPassCreateInfo>();
    rp_ci.subpassCount = 1;
    rp_ci.pSubpasses = subpass_descriptions;
    rp_ci.attachmentCount = 1;
    rp_ci.pAttachments = &attachment_description;
    rp_ci.dependencyCount = 1;
    rp_ci.pDependencies = &subpass_dependency;

    vk_testing::RenderPass render_pass;
    render_pass.init(*m_device, rp_ci);

    VkClearValue clear_value = {};
    clear_value.color = {{0, 0, 0, 0}};

    VkImageCreateInfo image_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkImageCreateInfo>();
    image_ci.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
    image_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
    image_ci.extent.width = 32;
    image_ci.extent.height = 32;
    image_ci.extent.depth = 1;
    image_ci.mipLevels = 1;
    image_ci.arrayLayers = 1;
    image_ci.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
    image_ci.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
    image_ci.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT;

    VkImageObj image1(m_device);
    image1.init(&image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image1.initialized());

    vk_testing::ImageView image_view1;
    VkImageViewCreateInfo iv_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkImageViewCreateInfo>();
    iv_ci.image = image1.handle();
    iv_ci.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
    iv_ci.format = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT;
    iv_ci.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
    iv_ci.subresourceRange.baseMipLevel = 0;
    iv_ci.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
    iv_ci.subresourceRange.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    iv_ci.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
    image_view1.init(*m_device, iv_ci);

    VkImageView framebuffer_attachments[1] = {image_view1.handle()};

    auto fb_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkFramebufferCreateInfo>();
    fb_ci.renderPass = render_pass.handle();
    fb_ci.attachmentCount = 1;
    fb_ci.pAttachments = framebuffer_attachments;
    fb_ci.width = 32;
    fb_ci.height = 32;
    fb_ci.layers = 1;

    vk_testing::Framebuffer framebuffer;
    framebuffer.init(*m_device, fb_ci);

    auto rp_bi = LvlInitStruct<VkRenderPassBeginInfo>();
    rp_bi.renderPass = render_pass.handle();
    rp_bi.framebuffer = framebuffer.handle();
    rp_bi.renderArea.extent.width = 32;
    rp_bi.renderArea.extent.height = 32;
    rp_bi.clearValueCount = 1;
    rp_bi.pClearValues = &clear_value;

    auto ds_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkPipelineDepthStencilStateCreateInfo>();
    ds_ci.depthTestEnable = VK_FALSE;
    ds_ci.depthWriteEnable = VK_FALSE;
    ds_ci.depthCompareOp = VK_COMPARE_OP_NEVER;

    CreatePipelineHelper pipe(*this);
    pipe.InitInfo();
    pipe.gp_ci_.renderPass = render_pass.handle();
    pipe.gp_ci_.pDepthStencilState = &ds_ci;
    pipe.InitState();
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");

    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(rp_bi);
    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 3, 1, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();

    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, TestCopyingToCompressedImage) {
    TEST_DESCRIPTION("Copy from uncompressed to compressed image with and without overlap.");

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    bool copy_commands_2 = false;
    if (DeviceExtensionSupported(gpu(), nullptr, VK_KHR_COPY_COMMANDS_2_EXTENSION_NAME)) {
        m_device_extension_names.push_back(VK_KHR_COPY_COMMANDS_2_EXTENSION_NAME);
        copy_commands_2 = true;
    }
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkFormatProperties format_properties;
    VkFormat mp_format = VK_FORMAT_BC1_RGBA_UNORM_BLOCK;
    vk::GetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties(gpu(), mp_format, &format_properties);
    if ((format_properties.linearTilingFeatures & VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT) == 0) {
        printf(
            "%s Device does not support VK_FORMAT_FEATURE_STORAGE_IMAGE_BIT for VK_FORMAT_BC1_RGBA_UNORM_BLOCK, skipping test.\n",
            kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    VkImageObj src_image(m_device);
    src_image.Init(1, 1, 1, VK_FORMAT_R32G32_UINT, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT, VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR);
    VkImageObj dst_image(m_device);
    dst_image.Init(12, 4, 1, VK_FORMAT_BC1_RGBA_UNORM_BLOCK, VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT, VK_IMAGE_TILING_LINEAR);

    VkImageCopy copy_regions[2] = {};
    copy_regions[0].srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
    copy_regions[0].srcSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copy_regions[0].srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copy_regions[0].srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copy_regions[0].srcOffset = {0, 0, 0};
    copy_regions[0].dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
    copy_regions[0].dstSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copy_regions[0].dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copy_regions[0].dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copy_regions[0].dstOffset = {0, 0, 0};
    copy_regions[0].extent = {1, 1, 1};
    copy_regions[1].srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
    copy_regions[1].srcSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copy_regions[1].srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copy_regions[1].srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copy_regions[1].srcOffset = {0, 0, 0};
    copy_regions[1].dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
    copy_regions[1].dstSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
    copy_regions[1].dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
    copy_regions[1].dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
    copy_regions[1].dstOffset = {4, 0, 0};
    copy_regions[1].extent = {1, 1, 1};

    m_commandBuffer->begin();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), src_image.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, dst_image.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &copy_regions[0]);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), src_image.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, dst_image.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &copy_regions[1]);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    copy_regions[1].dstOffset = {7, 0, 0};
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), src_image.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, dst_image.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &copy_regions[1]);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_commandBuffer->end();

    if (copy_commands_2) {
        auto vkCmdCopyImage2KHR =
            reinterpret_cast<PFN_vkCmdCopyImage2KHR>(vk::GetInstanceProcAddr(instance(), "vkCmdCopyImage2KHR"));
        assert(vkCmdCopyImage2KHR != nullptr);

        m_commandBuffer->reset();

        VkImageCopy2KHR copy_regions2[2];
        copy_regions2[0] = LvlInitStruct<VkImageCopy2KHR>();
        copy_regions2[0].srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
        copy_regions2[0].srcSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
        copy_regions2[0].srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        copy_regions2[0].srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
        copy_regions2[0].srcOffset = {0, 0, 0};
        copy_regions2[0].dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
        copy_regions2[0].dstSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
        copy_regions2[0].dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        copy_regions2[0].dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
        copy_regions2[0].dstOffset = {0, 0, 0};
        copy_regions2[0].extent = {1, 1, 1};
        copy_regions2[1] = LvlInitStruct<VkImageCopy2KHR>();
        copy_regions2[1].srcSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
        copy_regions2[1].srcSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
        copy_regions2[1].srcSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        copy_regions2[1].srcSubresource.layerCount = 1;
        copy_regions2[1].srcOffset = {0, 0, 0};
        copy_regions2[1].dstSubresource.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
        copy_regions2[1].dstSubresource.mipLevel = 0;
        copy_regions2[1].dstSubresource.baseArrayLayer = 0;
        copy_regions2[1].dstSubresource.layerCount = 1;
        copy_regions2[1].dstOffset = {4, 0, 0};
        copy_regions2[1].extent = {1, 1, 1};

        auto copy_image_info = LvlInitStruct<VkCopyImageInfo2KHR>();
        copy_image_info.srcImage = src_image.handle();
        copy_image_info.srcImageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
        copy_image_info.dstImage = dst_image.handle();
        copy_image_info.dstImageLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL;
        copy_image_info.regionCount = 2;
        copy_image_info.pRegions = copy_regions2;

        m_commandBuffer->begin();

        m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
        vkCmdCopyImage2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &copy_image_info);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
        m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(kErrorBit, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
        copy_image_info.regionCount = 1;
        copy_image_info.pRegions = &copy_regions2[1];
        copy_regions[1].dstOffset = {7, 0, 0};
        vkCmdCopyImage2KHR(m_commandBuffer->handle(), &copy_image_info);
        m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

        m_commandBuffer->end();
    }
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, StageAccessExpansion) {
    SetTargetApiVersion(VK_API_VERSION_1_2);

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework());
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitRenderTarget());

    VkImageUsageFlags image_usage_combine = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_SAMPLED_BIT |
                                            VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    VkImageObj image_c_a(m_device), image_c_b(m_device);
    const auto image_c_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(16, 16, 1, 1, format, image_usage_combine, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_c_a.Init(image_c_ci);
    image_c_b.Init(image_c_ci);

    VkImageView imageview_c = image_c_a.targetView(format);
    VkImageUsageFlags image_usage_storage =
        VK_IMAGE_USAGE_STORAGE_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkImageObj image_s_a(m_device), image_s_b(m_device);
    const auto image_s_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(16, 16, 1, 1, format, image_usage_storage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);
    image_s_a.Init(image_s_ci);
    image_s_b.Init(image_s_ci);
    image_s_a.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    image_s_b.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    VkImageView imageview_s = image_s_a.targetView(format);

    vk_testing::Sampler sampler_s, sampler_c;
    VkSamplerCreateInfo sampler_ci = SafeSaneSamplerCreateInfo();
    sampler_s.init(*m_device, sampler_ci);
    sampler_c.init(*m_device, sampler_ci);

    VkBufferObj buffer_a, buffer_b;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    VkBufferUsageFlags buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_UNIFORM_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER_BIT |
                                      VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    buffer_a.init(*m_device, buffer_a.create_info(2048, buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init(*m_device, buffer_b.create_info(2048, buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    vk_testing::BufferView bufferview;
    auto bvci = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferViewCreateInfo>();
    bvci.buffer = buffer_a.handle();
    bvci.format = VK_FORMAT_R32_SFLOAT;
    bvci.offset = 0;
    bvci.range = VK_WHOLE_SIZE;

    bufferview.init(*m_device, bvci);

    OneOffDescriptorSet descriptor_set(m_device,
                                       {
                                           {0, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_UNIFORM_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {1, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {2, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_IMAGE, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                           {3, VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_TEXEL_BUFFER, 1, VK_SHADER_STAGE_ALL, nullptr},
                                       });

    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorBufferInfo(0, buffer_a.handle(), 0, 2048);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorImageInfo(1, imageview_c, sampler_c.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_COMBINED_IMAGE_SAMPLER,
                                            VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorImageInfo(2, imageview_s, sampler_s.handle(), VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_IMAGE,
                                            VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);
    descriptor_set.WriteDescriptorBufferView(3, bufferview.handle());
    descriptor_set.UpdateDescriptorSets();

    // Dispatch
    std::string csSource = R"glsl(
        #version 450
        layout(set=0, binding=0) uniform foo { float x; } ub0;
        layout(set=0, binding=1) uniform sampler2D cis1;
        layout(set=0, binding=2, rgba8) uniform readonly image2D si2;
        layout(set=0, binding=3, r32f) uniform readonly imageBuffer stb3;
        void main(){
            vec4 vColor4;
            vColor4.x = ub0.x;
            vColor4 = texture(cis1, vec2(0));
            vColor4 = imageLoad(si2, ivec2(0));
            vColor4 = imageLoad(stb3, 0);
        }
    )glsl";

    // Draw
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    const float vbo_data[3] = {1.f, 0.f, 1.f};
    VkVertexInputAttributeDescription VertexInputAttributeDescription = {0, 0, VK_FORMAT_R32G32B32_SFLOAT, sizeof(vbo_data)};
    VkVertexInputBindingDescription VertexInputBindingDescription = {0, sizeof(vbo_data), VK_VERTEX_INPUT_RATE_VERTEX};
    VkBufferObj vbo, vbo2;
    buffer_usage = VK_BUFFER_USAGE_VERTEX_BUFFER_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_BUFFER_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    vbo.init(*m_device, vbo.create_info(sizeof(vbo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);
    vbo2.init(*m_device, vbo2.create_info(sizeof(vbo_data), buffer_usage, nullptr), mem_prop);

    VkShaderObj vs(this, bindStateVertShaderText, VK_SHADER_STAGE_VERTEX_BIT);
    VkShaderObj fs(this, csSource.c_str(), VK_SHADER_STAGE_FRAGMENT_BIT);

    CreatePipelineHelper g_pipe(*this);
    g_pipe.InitInfo();
    g_pipe.InitState();
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.pVertexBindingDescriptions = &VertexInputBindingDescription;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.vertexBindingDescriptionCount = 1;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.pVertexAttributeDescriptions = &VertexInputAttributeDescription;
    g_pipe.vi_ci_.vertexAttributeDescriptionCount = 1;
    g_pipe.shader_stages_ = {vs.GetStageCreateInfo(), fs.GetStageCreateInfo()};
    g_pipe.pipeline_layout_ = VkPipelineLayoutObj(m_device, {&descriptor_set.layout_});
    ASSERT_VK_SUCCESS(g_pipe.CreateGraphicsPipeline());

    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    VkImageSubresourceLayers layer{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{16, 16, 1};
    VkImageCopy image_region = {layer, zero_offset, layer, zero_offset, full_extent};
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_c_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_s_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_s_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);

    auto barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
    barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_SHADER_READ_BIT;

    // wrong: dst stage should be VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_VERTEX_SHADER_BIT, 0, 1,
                           &barrier, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    VkDeviceSize offset = 0;
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);

    VkViewport viewport = {0, 0, 16, 16, 0, 1};
    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    VkRect2D scissor = {{0, 0}, {16, 16}};
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);

    // one error for each image copied above
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-READ_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Try again with the correct dst stage on the barrier
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_commandBuffer->reset();
    m_commandBuffer->begin();
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_c_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_c_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);
    vk::CmdCopyImage(m_commandBuffer->handle(), image_s_b.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, image_s_a.handle(),
                     VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1, &image_region);

    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_FRAGMENT_SHADER_BIT, 0, 1,
                           &barrier, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);

    m_commandBuffer->BeginRenderPass(m_renderPassBeginInfo);
    vk::CmdBindVertexBuffers(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &vbo.handle(), &offset);

    vk::CmdSetViewport(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &viewport);
    vk::CmdSetScissor(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 0, 1, &scissor);

    vk::CmdBindPipeline(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_);
    vk::CmdBindDescriptorSets(m_commandBuffer->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS, g_pipe.pipeline_layout_.handle(), 0, 1,
                              &descriptor_set.set_, 0, nullptr);
    vk::CmdDraw(m_commandBuffer->handle(), 1, 0, 0, 0);
    m_commandBuffer->EndRenderPass();
    m_commandBuffer->end();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncQSBufferCopyHazards) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework(true));  // Enable QueueSubmit validation
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};

    VkCommandBufferObj cba(m_device, m_commandPool);
    VkCommandBufferObj cbb(m_device, m_commandPool);

    cba.begin();
    const VkCommandBuffer h_cba = cba.handle();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(h_cba, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    cba.end();

    const VkCommandBuffer h_cbb = cbb.handle();
    cbb.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(h_cbb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    cbb.end();

    auto submit1 = lvl_init_struct<VkSubmitInfo>();
    submit1.commandBufferCount = 2;
    VkCommandBuffer two_cbs[2] = {h_cba, h_cbb};
    submit1.pCommandBuffers = two_cbs;

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    vk::DeviceWaitIdle(m_device->device());

    VkSubmitInfo submit2[2] = {lvl_init_struct<VkSubmitInfo>(), lvl_init_struct<VkSubmitInfo>()};
    submit2[0].commandBufferCount = 1;
    submit2[0].pCommandBuffers = &h_cba;
    submit2[1].commandBufferCount = 1;
    submit2[1].pCommandBuffers = &h_cbb;
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 2, submit2, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // With the skip settings, the above QueueSubmit's didn't record, so we can treat the global queue contexts as empty
    submit1.commandBufferCount = 1;
    submit1.pCommandBuffers = &h_cba;
    // Submit A
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    submit1.pCommandBuffers = &h_cbb;
    // Submit B -- which should conflict via the queue's "last batch"
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncQSBufferCopyVsIdle) {
    // TODO (jzulauf)
    GTEST_SKIP() << "this test is causing a sporadic crash on nvidia 32b release. Skip until further investigation";

    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework(true));  // Enable QueueSubmit validation
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;
    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*m_device, 256, mem_prop);

    VkBufferCopy region = {0, 0, 256};

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    VkCommandBufferObj cba(m_device, m_commandPool);
    VkCommandBufferObj cbb(m_device, m_commandPool);

    cba.begin();
    const VkCommandBuffer h_cba = cba.handle();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(h_cba, buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region);
    cba.end();

    const VkCommandBuffer h_cbb = cbb.handle();
    cbb.begin();
    vk::CmdCopyBuffer(h_cbb, buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region);
    cbb.end();

    // Submit A
    auto submit1 = lvl_init_struct<VkSubmitInfo>();
    submit1.commandBufferCount = 1;
    submit1.pCommandBuffers = &h_cba;
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Submit B which hazards vs. A
    submit1.pCommandBuffers = &h_cbb;
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // With the skip settings, the above QueueSubmit's didn't record, so we can treat the previous submit as not
    // having happened. So we'll try again with a device wait idle
    // Submit B again, but after idling, which should remove the hazard
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::DeviceWaitIdle(m_device->device());
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_WRITE");
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // With the skip settings, the above QueueSubmit's didn't record, so we can treat the previous submit as not
    // having happened. So we'll try again with a queue wait idle
    // Submit B again, but after idling, which should remove the hazard
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    vk::QueueWaitIdle(m_device->m_queue);
    vk::QueueSubmit(m_device->m_queue, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

struct QSTestContext {
    uint32_t q_fam = ~0U;
    VkQueue q0 = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    VkQueue q1 = VK_NULL_HANDLE;

    VkBufferObj buffer_a;
    VkBufferObj buffer_b;
    VkBufferObj buffer_c;

    VkBufferCopy region;
    VkCommandPoolObj pool;

    VkCommandBufferObj cba;
    VkCommandBufferObj cbb;
    VkCommandBufferObj cbc;

    VkCommandBuffer h_cba = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    VkCommandBuffer h_cbb = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    VkCommandBuffer h_cbc = VK_NULL_HANDLE;

    vk_testing::Semaphore semaphore;
    vk_testing::Event event;

    VkCommandBufferObj* current_cb = nullptr;

    QSTestContext(VkDeviceObj* device);
    bool Valid() const { return q1 != VK_NULL_HANDLE; }

    void Begin(VkCommandBufferObj& cb);
    void BeginA() { Begin(cba); }
    void BeginB() { Begin(cbb); }
    void BeginC() { Begin(cbc); }

    void End();

    void CopyAToB() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region); }
    void CopyAToC() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_a.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &region); }

    void CopyBToA() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region); }
    void CopyBToC() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_b.handle(), buffer_c.handle(), 1, &region); }

    void CopyCToA() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_c.handle(), buffer_a.handle(), 1, &region); }
    void CopyCToB() { vk::CmdCopyBuffer(current_cb->handle(), buffer_c.handle(), buffer_b.handle(), 1, &region); }

    void CopyGeneral(const VkImageObj& from, const VkImageObj& to, const VkImageCopy& region) {
        vk::CmdCopyImage(current_cb->handle(), from.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, to.handle(), VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL, 1,
                         &region);
    };

    VkBufferMemoryBarrier InitBufferBarrier(const VkBufferObj& buffer);
    void TransferBarrier(const VkBufferObj& buffer);
    void TransferBarrier(const VkBufferMemoryBarrier& buffer_barrier);

    void Submit(VkQueue q, VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkSemaphore wait = VK_NULL_HANDLE, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask = 0U,
                VkSemaphore signal = VK_NULL_HANDLE);

    void Submit0(VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkSemaphore wait = VK_NULL_HANDLE, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask = 0U,
                 VkSemaphore signal = VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        Submit(q0, cb, wait, wait_mask, signal);
    }
    void Submit0Wait(VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask) { Submit0(cb, semaphore.handle(), wait_mask); }
    void Submit0Signal(VkCommandBufferObj& cb) { Submit0(cb, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 0U, semaphore.handle()); }

    void Submit1(VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkSemaphore wait = VK_NULL_HANDLE, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask = 0U,
                 VkSemaphore signal = VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        Submit(q1, cb, wait, wait_mask, signal);
    }
    void Submit1Wait(VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask) { Submit1(cb, semaphore.handle(), wait_mask); }
    void Submit1Signal(VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkPipelineStageFlags signal_mask) {
        Submit1(cb, VK_NULL_HANDLE, 0U, semaphore.handle());
    }
    void SetEvent(VkPipelineStageFlags src_mask) { event.cmd_set(*current_cb, src_mask); }
    void WaitEventBufferTransfer(VkBufferObj& buffer, VkPipelineStageFlags src_mask, VkPipelineStageFlags dst_mask) {
        std::vector<VkBufferMemoryBarrier> buffer_barriers(1, InitBufferBarrier(buffer));
        event.cmd_wait(*current_cb, src_mask, dst_mask, std::vector<VkMemoryBarrier>(), buffer_barriers,
                       std::vector<VkImageMemoryBarrier>());
    }
};

QSTestContext::QSTestContext(VkDeviceObj* device) {
    const auto& queues = device->dma_queues();

    const uint32_t q_count = static_cast<uint32_t>(queues.size());
    for (uint32_t q0_index = 0; q0_index < q_count; ++q0_index) {
        const auto* q0_entry = queues[q0_index];
        q0 = q0_entry->handle();
        q_fam = q0_entry->get_family_index();
        for (uint32_t q1_index = (q0_index + 1); q1_index < q_count; ++q1_index) {
            const auto* q1_entry = queues[q1_index];
            if (q_fam == q1_entry->get_family_index()) {
                q1 = q1_entry->handle();
                break;
            }
        }
        if (Valid()) {
            break;
        }
    }
    if (!Valid()) return;

    VkMemoryPropertyFlags mem_prop = VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT;
    buffer_a.init_as_src_and_dst(*device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_b.init_as_src_and_dst(*device, 256, mem_prop);
    buffer_c.init_as_src_and_dst(*device, 256, mem_prop);

    region = {0, 0, 256};

    pool.Init(device, q_fam, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT);
    cba.Init(device, &pool);
    cbb.Init(device, &pool);
    cbc.Init(device, &pool);

    h_cba = cba.handle();
    h_cbb = cbb.handle();
    h_cbc = cbc.handle();

    auto semaphore_ci = LvlInitStruct<VkSemaphoreCreateInfo>();
    semaphore.init(*device, semaphore_ci);

    VkEventCreateInfo eci = LvlInitStruct<VkEventCreateInfo>();
    event.init(*device, eci);
}

void QSTestContext::Begin(VkCommandBufferObj& cb) {
    cb.reset();
    cb.begin();
    current_cb = &cb;
}

void QSTestContext::End() {
    current_cb->end();
    current_cb = nullptr;
}

VkBufferMemoryBarrier QSTestContext::InitBufferBarrier(const VkBufferObj& buffer) {
    auto buffer_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkBufferMemoryBarrier>();
    buffer_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_READ_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT;
    buffer_barrier.buffer = buffer.handle();
    buffer_barrier.offset = 0;
    buffer_barrier.size = 256;
    return buffer_barrier;
}

void QSTestContext::TransferBarrier(const VkBufferMemoryBarrier& buffer_barrier) {
    vk::CmdPipelineBarrier(current_cb->handle(), VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, 0, 0, nullptr, 1,
                           &buffer_barrier, 0, nullptr);
}

void QSTestContext::TransferBarrier(const VkBufferObj& buffer) { TransferBarrier(InitBufferBarrier(buffer)); }

void QSTestContext::Submit(VkQueue q, VkCommandBufferObj& cb, VkSemaphore wait, VkPipelineStageFlags wait_mask,
                           VkSemaphore signal) {
    auto submit1 = lvl_init_struct<VkSubmitInfo>();
    submit1.commandBufferCount = 1;
    VkCommandBuffer h_cb = cb.handle();
    submit1.pCommandBuffers = &h_cb;
    if (wait != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        submit1.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
        submit1.pWaitSemaphores = &wait;
        submit1.pWaitDstStageMask = &wait_mask;
    }
    if (signal != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        submit1.signalSemaphoreCount = 1;
        submit1.pSignalSemaphores = &signal;
    }
    vk::QueueSubmit(q, 1, &submit1, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncQSBufferCopyQSORules) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework(true));  // Enable QueueSubmit validation
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    QSTestContext test(m_device);
    if (!test.Valid()) {
        printf("%s Test requires at least 2 TRANSFER capable queues in the same queue_family. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

    // Command Buffer A reads froms buffer A and writes to buffer B
    test.BeginA();
    test.CopyAToB();
    test.End();

    // Command Buffer B reads froms buffer C and writes to buffer A, but has a barrier to protect the write to A when
    // executed on the same queue, given that commands in "queue submission order" are within the first scope of the barrier.
    test.BeginB();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAR, which will work for command buffers ealier in queue submission order, or with
    // correct semaphore operations between queues.
    test.TransferBarrier(test.buffer_a);
    test.CopyCToA();
    test.End();

    // Command Buffer C does the same copy as B but without the barrier.
    test.BeginC();
    test.CopyCToA();
    test.End();

    // Submit A and B on the same queue, to assure us the barrier *would* be sufficient given QSO
    // This is included in a "Sucess" section, just to verify CBA and CBB are set up correctly.
    test.Submit0(test.cba);
    test.Submit0(test.cbb);
    m_device->wait();  // DeviceWaitIdle, clearing the field for the next subcase
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Submit A and B on the different queues. Since no semaphore is used between the queues, CB B hazards asynchronously with,
    // CB A with A being read and written on independent queues.
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-READ");
    test.Submit0(test.cba);
    test.Submit1(test.cbb);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Set up the semaphore for the next two cases
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();

    m_device->wait();
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();

    // Submit A and B on the different queues, with an ineffectual semaphore.  The wait mask is empty, thus nothing in CB B is in
    // the second excution scope of the waited signal.
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbb, 0U);  // zero the wait mask, s.t. this is an empty wait.
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // The since second submit failed, it was skipped. So we can try again, without having to WaitDeviceIdle
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    // Include transfers in the second execution scope of the waited signal, s.t. the PipelineBarrier in CB B can chain with it.
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);  //

    m_device->wait();

    // Draw A and then C to verify the second access scope of the signal
    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbc, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);

    m_device->wait();

    //  ... and again on the same queue
    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);
    test.Submit0Wait(test.cbc, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncQSBufferEvents) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework(true));  // Enable QueueSubmit validation
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    QSTestContext test(m_device);
    if (!test.Valid()) {
        printf("%s Test requires at least 2 TRANSFER capable queues in the same queue_family. Skipped.\n", kSkipPrefix);
        return;
    }

    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    // Command Buffer A reads froms buffer A and writes to buffer B
    test.BeginA();
    test.CopyAToB();
    test.SetEvent(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.End();

    // Command Buffer B reads froms buffer C and writes to buffer A, but has a wait to protect the write to A when
    // executed on the same queue, given that commands in "queue submission order" are within the first scope of the barrier.
    test.BeginB();

    // Use the barrier to clean up the WAR, which will work for command buffers ealier in queue submission order, or with
    // correct semaphore operations between queues.
    test.WaitEventBufferTransfer(test.buffer_a, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.CopyCToA();
    test.End();

    // Command Buffer C merges the operations from A and B, to ensure the set/wait is correct.
    //    reads froms buffer A and writes to buffer B
    //    reads froms buffer C and writes to buffer A, but has a barrier to protect the write to A when
    test.BeginC();
    test.CopyAToB();
    test.SetEvent(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.WaitEventBufferTransfer(test.buffer_a, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.CopyCToA();
    test.End();

    test.Submit0(test.cba);
    test.Submit0(test.cbb);

    // Ensure that the wait doesn't apply to async queues
    m_device->wait();
    test.Submit0(test.cba);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-READ");
    test.Submit1(test.cbb);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Ensure that the wait doesn't apply to access on other synchronized queues
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    m_device->wait();

    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Need to have a successful signal wait to get the semaphore in a usuable state.
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    test.BeginC();
    test.End();
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbc, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE);
    m_device->wait();

    // Next ensure that accesses from other queues aren't included in the first scope
    test.BeginA();
    test.CopyAToB();
    test.End();

    test.BeginB();
    test.SetEvent(VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.WaitEventBufferTransfer(test.buffer_a, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT);
    test.CopyCToA();
    test.End();

    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();
}

TEST_F(VkSyncValTest, SyncQSOBarrierHazard) {
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitSyncValFramework(true));  // Enable QueueSubmit validation
    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(InitState(nullptr, nullptr, VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT));

    QSTestContext test(m_device);
    if (!test.Valid()) {
        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test requires at least 2 TRANSFER capable queues in the same queue_family.";
    }

    VkImageUsageFlags usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_SRC_BIT | VK_IMAGE_USAGE_TRANSFER_DST_BIT;
    VkFormat format = VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
    auto image_ci = VkImageObj::ImageCreateInfo2D(128, 128, 1, 1, format, usage, VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL);

    VkImageObj image_a(m_device);
    image_a.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_a.initialized());
    image_a.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    VkImageObj image_b(m_device);
    image_b.Init(image_ci);
    ASSERT_TRUE(image_b.initialized());
    image_b.SetLayout(VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_GENERAL);

    VkImageSubresourceLayers all_layers{VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 0, 1};
    VkOffset3D zero_offset{0, 0, 0};
    VkExtent3D full_extent{128, 128, 1};  // <-- image type is 2D
    VkImageCopy full_region = {all_layers, zero_offset, all_layers, zero_offset, full_extent};

    test.BeginA();
    test.CopyGeneral(image_a, image_b, full_region);
    test.End();

    test.BeginB();
    image_a.ImageMemoryBarrier(test.current_cb, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, VK_ACCESS_NONE, VK_ACCESS_NONE,
                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_NONE);
    test.End();

    // We're going to do the copy first, then use the skip on fail, to test three different ways...
    test.Submit0Signal(test.cba);

    // First asynchronously fail -- the pipeline barrier in B shouldn't work on queue 1
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE-RACING-READ ");
    test.Submit1(test.cbb);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Next synchronously fail -- the pipeline barrier in B shouldn't work on queue 1
    m_errorMonitor->SetDesiredFailureMsg(VK_DEBUG_REPORT_ERROR_BIT_EXT, "SYNC-HAZARD-WRITE_AFTER_READ");
    test.Submit1Wait(test.cbb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyFound();

    // Then prove qso works (note that with the failure, the semaphore hasn't been waited, nor the layout changed)
    m_errorMonitor->ExpectSuccess();
    test.Submit0Wait(test.cbb, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_2_NONE);
    m_errorMonitor->VerifyNotFound();
}