layers/gpu_utils.cpp

/* Copyright (c) 2020-2022 The Khronos Group Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2020-2022 Valve Corporation
 * Copyright (c) 2020-2022 LunarG, Inc.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 *
 * Author: Tony Barbour <tony@lunarg.com>
 */

#include "gpu_utils.h"
#include "descriptor_sets.h"
#include "spirv-tools/libspirv.h"
#include "spirv-tools/optimizer.hpp"
#include "spirv-tools/instrument.hpp"
#include <spirv/unified1/spirv.hpp>
#include <algorithm>
#include <regex>

#define VMA_IMPLEMENTATION
// This define indicates that we will supply Vulkan function pointers at initialization
#define VMA_STATIC_VULKAN_FUNCTIONS 0
#include "vk_mem_alloc.h"

// Implementation for Descriptor Set Manager class
UtilDescriptorSetManager::UtilDescriptorSetManager(VkDevice device, uint32_t numBindingsInSet)
    : device(device), numBindingsInSet(numBindingsInSet) {}

UtilDescriptorSetManager::~UtilDescriptorSetManager() {
    for (auto &pool : desc_pool_map_) {
        DispatchDestroyDescriptorPool(device, pool.first, NULL);
    }
    desc_pool_map_.clear();
}

VkResult UtilDescriptorSetManager::GetDescriptorSet(VkDescriptorPool *desc_pool, VkDescriptorSetLayout ds_layout,
                                                    VkDescriptorSet *desc_set) {
    std::vector<VkDescriptorSet> desc_sets;
    VkResult result = GetDescriptorSets(1, desc_pool, ds_layout, &desc_sets);
    assert(result == VK_SUCCESS);
    if (result == VK_SUCCESS) {
        *desc_set = desc_sets[0];
    }
    return result;
}

VkResult UtilDescriptorSetManager::GetDescriptorSets(uint32_t count, VkDescriptorPool *pool, VkDescriptorSetLayout ds_layout,
                                                     std::vector<VkDescriptorSet> *desc_sets) {
    auto guard = Lock();
    const uint32_t default_pool_size = kItemsPerChunk;
    VkResult result = VK_SUCCESS;
    VkDescriptorPool pool_to_use = VK_NULL_HANDLE;

    assert(count > 0);
    if (0 == count) {
        return result;
    }
    desc_sets->clear();
    desc_sets->resize(count);

    for (auto &pool : desc_pool_map_) {
        if (pool.second.used + count < pool.second.size) {
            pool_to_use = pool.first;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (VK_NULL_HANDLE == pool_to_use) {
        uint32_t pool_count = default_pool_size;
        if (count > default_pool_size) {
            pool_count = count;
        }
        const VkDescriptorPoolSize size_counts = {
            VK_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE_STORAGE_BUFFER,
            pool_count * numBindingsInSet,
        };
        auto desc_pool_info = LvlInitStruct<VkDescriptorPoolCreateInfo>();
        desc_pool_info.flags = VK_DESCRIPTOR_POOL_CREATE_FREE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_BIT;
        desc_pool_info.maxSets = pool_count;
        desc_pool_info.poolSizeCount = 1;
        desc_pool_info.pPoolSizes = &size_counts;
        result = DispatchCreateDescriptorPool(device, &desc_pool_info, NULL, &pool_to_use);
        assert(result == VK_SUCCESS);
        if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
            return result;
        }
        desc_pool_map_[pool_to_use].size = desc_pool_info.maxSets;
        desc_pool_map_[pool_to_use].used = 0;
    }
    std::vector<VkDescriptorSetLayout> desc_layouts(count, ds_layout);

    VkDescriptorSetAllocateInfo alloc_info = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_ALLOCATE_INFO, NULL, pool_to_use, count,
                                              desc_layouts.data()};

    result = DispatchAllocateDescriptorSets(device, &alloc_info, desc_sets->data());
    assert(result == VK_SUCCESS);
    if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
        return result;
    }
    *pool = pool_to_use;
    desc_pool_map_[pool_to_use].used += count;
    return result;
}

void UtilDescriptorSetManager::PutBackDescriptorSet(VkDescriptorPool desc_pool, VkDescriptorSet desc_set) {
    auto guard = Lock();
    auto iter = desc_pool_map_.find(desc_pool);
    if (iter != desc_pool_map_.end()) {
        VkResult result = DispatchFreeDescriptorSets(device, desc_pool, 1, &desc_set);
        assert(result == VK_SUCCESS);
        if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
            return;
        }
        desc_pool_map_[desc_pool].used--;
        if (0 == desc_pool_map_[desc_pool].used) {
            DispatchDestroyDescriptorPool(device, desc_pool, NULL);
            desc_pool_map_.erase(desc_pool);
        }
    }
    return;
}

// Trampolines to make VMA call Dispatch for Vulkan calls
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice,
                                                                   VkPhysicalDeviceProperties *pProperties) {
    DispatchGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(physicalDevice, pProperties);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(VkPhysicalDevice physicalDevice,
                                                                         VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties *pMemoryProperties) {
    DispatchGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(physicalDevice, pMemoryProperties);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkAllocateMemory(VkDevice device, const VkMemoryAllocateInfo *pAllocateInfo,
                                                          const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkDeviceMemory *pMemory) {
    return DispatchAllocateMemory(device, pAllocateInfo, pAllocator, pMemory);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkFreeMemory(VkDevice device, VkDeviceMemory memory, const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator) {
    DispatchFreeMemory(device, memory, pAllocator);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkMapMemory(VkDevice device, VkDeviceMemory memory, VkDeviceSize offset, VkDeviceSize size,
                                                     VkMemoryMapFlags flags, void **ppData) {
    return DispatchMapMemory(device, memory, offset, size, flags, ppData);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkUnmapMemory(VkDevice device, VkDeviceMemory memory) { DispatchUnmapMemory(device, memory); }
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkFlushMappedMemoryRanges(VkDevice device, uint32_t memoryRangeCount,
                                                                   const VkMappedMemoryRange *pMemoryRanges) {
    return DispatchFlushMappedMemoryRanges(device, memoryRangeCount, pMemoryRanges);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkInvalidateMappedMemoryRanges(VkDevice device, uint32_t memoryRangeCount,
                                                                        const VkMappedMemoryRange *pMemoryRanges) {
    return DispatchInvalidateMappedMemoryRanges(device, memoryRangeCount, pMemoryRanges);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkBindBufferMemory(VkDevice device, VkBuffer buffer, VkDeviceMemory memory,
                                                            VkDeviceSize memoryOffset) {
    return DispatchBindBufferMemory(device, buffer, memory, memoryOffset);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkBindImageMemory(VkDevice device, VkImage image, VkDeviceMemory memory,
                                                           VkDeviceSize memoryOffset) {
    return DispatchBindImageMemory(device, image, memory, memoryOffset);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkGetBufferMemoryRequirements(VkDevice device, VkBuffer buffer,
                                                                   VkMemoryRequirements *pMemoryRequirements) {
    DispatchGetBufferMemoryRequirements(device, buffer, pMemoryRequirements);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkGetImageMemoryRequirements(VkDevice device, VkImage image,
                                                                  VkMemoryRequirements *pMemoryRequirements) {
    DispatchGetImageMemoryRequirements(device, image, pMemoryRequirements);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkCreateBuffer(VkDevice device, const VkBufferCreateInfo *pCreateInfo,
                                                        const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkBuffer *pBuffer) {
    return DispatchCreateBuffer(device, pCreateInfo, pAllocator, pBuffer);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkDestroyBuffer(VkDevice device, VkBuffer buffer, const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator) {
    return DispatchDestroyBuffer(device, buffer, pAllocator);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR VkResult VKAPI_CALL gpuVkCreateImage(VkDevice device, const VkImageCreateInfo *pCreateInfo,
                                                       const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkImage *pImage) {
    return DispatchCreateImage(device, pCreateInfo, pAllocator, pImage);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkDestroyImage(VkDevice device, VkImage image, const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator) {
    DispatchDestroyImage(device, image, pAllocator);
}
static VKAPI_ATTR void VKAPI_CALL gpuVkCmdCopyBuffer(VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer, VkBuffer srcBuffer, VkBuffer dstBuffer,
                                                     uint32_t regionCount, const VkBufferCopy *pRegions) {
    DispatchCmdCopyBuffer(commandBuffer, srcBuffer, dstBuffer, regionCount, pRegions);
}

VkResult UtilInitializeVma(VkPhysicalDevice physical_device, VkDevice device, VmaAllocator *pAllocator) {
    VmaVulkanFunctions functions;
    VmaAllocatorCreateInfo allocator_info = {};
    allocator_info.device = device;
    allocator_info.physicalDevice = physical_device;

    functions.vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties = static_cast<PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties>(gpuVkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties);
    functions.vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties =
        static_cast<PFN_vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties>(gpuVkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties);
    functions.vkAllocateMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkAllocateMemory>(gpuVkAllocateMemory);
    functions.vkFreeMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkFreeMemory>(gpuVkFreeMemory);
    functions.vkMapMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkMapMemory>(gpuVkMapMemory);
    functions.vkUnmapMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkUnmapMemory>(gpuVkUnmapMemory);
    functions.vkFlushMappedMemoryRanges = static_cast<PFN_vkFlushMappedMemoryRanges>(gpuVkFlushMappedMemoryRanges);
    functions.vkInvalidateMappedMemoryRanges = static_cast<PFN_vkInvalidateMappedMemoryRanges>(gpuVkInvalidateMappedMemoryRanges);
    functions.vkBindBufferMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkBindBufferMemory>(gpuVkBindBufferMemory);
    functions.vkBindImageMemory = static_cast<PFN_vkBindImageMemory>(gpuVkBindImageMemory);
    functions.vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements = static_cast<PFN_vkGetBufferMemoryRequirements>(gpuVkGetBufferMemoryRequirements);
    functions.vkGetImageMemoryRequirements = static_cast<PFN_vkGetImageMemoryRequirements>(gpuVkGetImageMemoryRequirements);
    functions.vkCreateBuffer = static_cast<PFN_vkCreateBuffer>(gpuVkCreateBuffer);
    functions.vkDestroyBuffer = static_cast<PFN_vkDestroyBuffer>(gpuVkDestroyBuffer);
    functions.vkCreateImage = static_cast<PFN_vkCreateImage>(gpuVkCreateImage);
    functions.vkDestroyImage = static_cast<PFN_vkDestroyImage>(gpuVkDestroyImage);
    functions.vkCmdCopyBuffer = static_cast<PFN_vkCmdCopyBuffer>(gpuVkCmdCopyBuffer);
    allocator_info.pVulkanFunctions = &functions;

    return vmaCreateAllocator(&allocator_info, pAllocator);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreateDevice(VkPhysicalDevice gpu, const VkDeviceCreateInfo *pCreateInfo,
                                                const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkDevice *pDevice, void *modified_ci) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PreCallRecordCreateDevice(gpu, pCreateInfo, pAllocator, pDevice, modified_ci);
    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures *features = nullptr;
    // Use a local variable to query features since this method runs in the instance validation object.
    // To avoid confusion and race conditions about which physical device's features are stored in the
    // 'supported_devices' member variable, it will only be set in the device validation objects.
    // See CreateDevice() below.
    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures gpu_supported_features;
    DispatchGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(gpu, &gpu_supported_features);
    auto modified_create_info = static_cast<VkDeviceCreateInfo *>(modified_ci);
    if (modified_create_info->pEnabledFeatures) {
        // If pEnabledFeatures, VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2 in pNext chain is not allowed
        features = const_cast<VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures *>(modified_create_info->pEnabledFeatures);
    } else {
        VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2 *features2 = nullptr;
        features2 = const_cast<VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2 *>(LvlFindInChain<VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures2>(modified_create_info->pNext));
        if (features2) features = &features2->features;
    }
    VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures new_features = {};
    VkBool32 *desired = reinterpret_cast<VkBool32 *>(&desired_features);
    VkBool32 *feature_ptr;
    if (features) {
        feature_ptr = reinterpret_cast<VkBool32 *>(features);
    } else {
        feature_ptr = reinterpret_cast<VkBool32 *>(&new_features);
    }
    VkBool32 *supported = reinterpret_cast<VkBool32 *>(&supported_features);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures); i += (sizeof(VkBool32))) {
        if (*supported && *desired) {
            *feature_ptr = true;
        }
        supported++;
        desired++;
        feature_ptr++;
    }
    if (!features) {
        delete modified_create_info->pEnabledFeatures;
        modified_create_info->pEnabledFeatures = new VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures(new_features);
    }
}

void GpuAssistedBase::CreateDevice(const VkDeviceCreateInfo *pCreateInfo) {
    ValidationStateTracker::CreateDevice(pCreateInfo);
    // If api version 1.1 or later, SetDeviceLoaderData will be in the loader
    auto chain_info = get_chain_info(pCreateInfo, VK_LOADER_DATA_CALLBACK);
    assert(chain_info->u.pfnSetDeviceLoaderData);
    vkSetDeviceLoaderData = chain_info->u.pfnSetDeviceLoaderData;

    // Some devices have extremely high limits here, so set a reasonable max because we have to pad
    // the pipeline layout with dummy descriptor set layouts.
    adjusted_max_desc_sets = phys_dev_props.limits.maxBoundDescriptorSets;
    adjusted_max_desc_sets = std::min(33U, adjusted_max_desc_sets);

    // We can't do anything if there is only one.
    // Device probably not a legit Vulkan device, since there should be at least 4. Protect ourselves.
    if (adjusted_max_desc_sets == 1) {
        ReportSetupProblem(device, "Device can bind only a single descriptor set.");
        aborted = true;
        return;
    }
    desc_set_bind_index = adjusted_max_desc_sets - 1;

    VkResult result1 = UtilInitializeVma(physical_device, device, &vmaAllocator);
    assert(result1 == VK_SUCCESS);
    desc_set_manager = layer_data::make_unique<UtilDescriptorSetManager>(device, static_cast<uint32_t>(bindings_.size()));

    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo debug_desc_layout_info = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO, NULL, 0,
                                                                    static_cast<uint32_t>(bindings_.size()), bindings_.data()};

    const VkDescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo dummy_desc_layout_info = {VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR_SET_LAYOUT_CREATE_INFO, NULL, 0, 0,
                                                                    NULL};

    result1 = DispatchCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &debug_desc_layout_info, NULL, &debug_desc_layout);

    // This is a layout used to "pad" a pipeline layout to fill in any gaps to the selected bind index.
    VkResult result2 = DispatchCreateDescriptorSetLayout(device, &dummy_desc_layout_info, NULL, &dummy_desc_layout);

    assert((result1 == VK_SUCCESS) && (result2 == VK_SUCCESS));
    if ((result1 != VK_SUCCESS) || (result2 != VK_SUCCESS)) {
        ReportSetupProblem(device, "Unable to create descriptor set layout.");
        if (result1 == VK_SUCCESS) {
            DispatchDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, debug_desc_layout, NULL);
        }
        if (result2 == VK_SUCCESS) {
            DispatchDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, dummy_desc_layout, NULL);
        }
        debug_desc_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        dummy_desc_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
        aborted = true;
        return;
    }
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordDestroyDevice(VkDevice device, const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator) {
    if (debug_desc_layout) {
        DispatchDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, debug_desc_layout, NULL);
        debug_desc_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
    if (dummy_desc_layout) {
        DispatchDestroyDescriptorSetLayout(device, dummy_desc_layout, NULL);
        dummy_desc_layout = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
    ValidationStateTracker::PreCallRecordDestroyDevice(device, pAllocator);
    // State Tracker can end up making vma calls through callbacks - don't destroy allocator until ST is done
    if (vmaAllocator) {
        vmaDestroyAllocator(vmaAllocator);
    }
    desc_set_manager.reset();
}

gpu_utils_state::Queue::Queue(GpuAssistedBase &state, VkQueue q, uint32_t index, VkDeviceQueueCreateFlags flags)
    : QUEUE_STATE(q, index, flags), state_(state) {}

gpu_utils_state::Queue::~Queue() {
    if (barrier_command_buffer_) {
        DispatchFreeCommandBuffers(state_.device, barrier_command_pool_, 1, &barrier_command_buffer_);
        barrier_command_buffer_ = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
    if (barrier_command_pool_) {
        DispatchDestroyCommandPool(state_.device, barrier_command_pool_, NULL);
        barrier_command_pool_ = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
    }
}

// Submit a memory barrier on graphics queues.
// Lazy-create and record the needed command buffer.
void gpu_utils_state::Queue::SubmitBarrier() {
    if (barrier_command_pool_ == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        VkResult result = VK_SUCCESS;

        auto pool_create_info = LvlInitStruct<VkCommandPoolCreateInfo>();
        pool_create_info.queueFamilyIndex = queueFamilyIndex;
        result = DispatchCreateCommandPool(state_.device, &pool_create_info, nullptr, &barrier_command_pool_);
        if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
            state_.ReportSetupProblem(state_.device, "Unable to create command pool for barrier CB.");
            barrier_command_pool_ = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
            return;
        }

        auto buffer_alloc_info = LvlInitStruct<VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo>();
        buffer_alloc_info.commandPool = barrier_command_pool_;
        buffer_alloc_info.commandBufferCount = 1;
        buffer_alloc_info.level = VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY;
        result = DispatchAllocateCommandBuffers(state_.device, &buffer_alloc_info, &barrier_command_buffer_);
        if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
            state_.ReportSetupProblem(state_.device, "Unable to create barrier command buffer.");
            DispatchDestroyCommandPool(state_.device, barrier_command_pool_, nullptr);
            barrier_command_pool_ = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
            barrier_command_buffer_ = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
            return;
        }

        // Hook up command buffer dispatch
        state_.vkSetDeviceLoaderData(state_.device, barrier_command_buffer_);

        // Record a global memory barrier to force availability of device memory operations to the host domain.
        auto command_buffer_begin_info = LvlInitStruct<VkCommandBufferBeginInfo>();
        result = DispatchBeginCommandBuffer(barrier_command_buffer_, &command_buffer_begin_info);
        if (result == VK_SUCCESS) {
            auto memory_barrier = LvlInitStruct<VkMemoryBarrier>();
            memory_barrier.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_WRITE_BIT;
            memory_barrier.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_HOST_READ_BIT;
            DispatchCmdPipelineBarrier(barrier_command_buffer_, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_HOST_BIT, 0,
                                       1, &memory_barrier, 0, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
            DispatchEndCommandBuffer(barrier_command_buffer_);
        }
    }
    if (barrier_command_buffer_ != VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        auto submit_info = LvlInitStruct<VkSubmitInfo>();
        submit_info.commandBufferCount = 1;
        submit_info.pCommandBuffers = &barrier_command_buffer_;
        DispatchQueueSubmit(QUEUE_STATE::Queue(), 1, &submit_info, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
    }
}

// Issue a memory barrier to make GPU-written data available to host.
// Wait for the queue to complete execution.
// Check the debug buffers for all the command buffers that were submitted.
void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit(VkQueue queue, uint32_t submitCount, const VkSubmitInfo *pSubmits, VkFence fence,
                                                VkResult result) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit(queue, submitCount, pSubmits, fence, result);

    if (aborted || (result != VK_SUCCESS)) return;
    bool buffers_present = false;
    // Don't QueueWaitIdle if there's nothing to process
    for (uint32_t submit_idx = 0; submit_idx < submitCount; submit_idx++) {
        const VkSubmitInfo *submit = &pSubmits[submit_idx];
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < submit->commandBufferCount; i++) {
            buffers_present |= CommandBufferNeedsProcessing(submit->pCommandBuffers[i]);
        }
    }
    if (!buffers_present) return;

    SubmitBarrier(queue);

    DispatchQueueWaitIdle(queue);

    for (uint32_t submit_idx = 0; submit_idx < submitCount; submit_idx++) {
        const VkSubmitInfo *submit = &pSubmits[submit_idx];
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < submit->commandBufferCount; i++) {
            ProcessCommandBuffer(queue, submit->pCommandBuffers[i]);
        }
    }
}

void GpuAssistedBase::RecordQueueSubmit2(VkQueue queue, uint32_t submitCount, const VkSubmitInfo2 *pSubmits, VkFence fence,
                                         VkResult result) {
    if (aborted || (result != VK_SUCCESS)) return;
    bool buffers_present = false;
    // Don't QueueWaitIdle if there's nothing to process
    for (uint32_t submit_idx = 0; submit_idx < submitCount; submit_idx++) {
        const VkSubmitInfo2 *submit = &pSubmits[submit_idx];
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < submit->commandBufferInfoCount; i++) {
            buffers_present |= CommandBufferNeedsProcessing(submit->pCommandBufferInfos[i].commandBuffer);
        }
    }
    if (!buffers_present) return;

    SubmitBarrier(queue);

    DispatchQueueWaitIdle(queue);

    for (uint32_t submit_idx = 0; submit_idx < submitCount; submit_idx++) {
        const VkSubmitInfo2 *submit = &pSubmits[submit_idx];
        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < submit->commandBufferInfoCount; i++) {
            ProcessCommandBuffer(queue, submit->pCommandBufferInfos[i].commandBuffer);
        }
    }
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit2KHR(VkQueue queue, uint32_t submitCount, const VkSubmitInfo2KHR *pSubmits,
                                                    VkFence fence, VkResult result) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit2KHR(queue, submitCount, pSubmits, fence, result);
    RecordQueueSubmit2(queue, submitCount, pSubmits, fence, result);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit2(VkQueue queue, uint32_t submitCount, const VkSubmitInfo2 *pSubmits, VkFence fence,
                                                 VkResult result) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordQueueSubmit2(queue, submitCount, pSubmits, fence, result);
    RecordQueueSubmit2(queue, submitCount, pSubmits, fence, result);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreatePipelineLayout(VkDevice device, const VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo *pCreateInfo,
                                                        const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipelineLayout *pPipelineLayout,
                                                        void *cpl_state_data) {
    if (aborted) {
        return;
    }
    auto cpl_state = static_cast<create_pipeline_layout_api_state *>(cpl_state_data);
    if (cpl_state->modified_create_info.setLayoutCount >= adjusted_max_desc_sets) {
        std::ostringstream strm;
        strm << "Pipeline Layout conflict with validation's descriptor set at slot " << desc_set_bind_index << ". "
             << "Application has too many descriptor sets in the pipeline layout to continue with gpu validation. "
             << "Validation is not modifying the pipeline layout. "
             << "Instrumented shaders are replaced with non-instrumented shaders.";
        ReportSetupProblem(device, strm.str().c_str());
    } else {
        // Modify the pipeline layout by:
        // 1. Copying the caller's descriptor set desc_layouts
        // 2. Fill in dummy descriptor layouts up to the max binding
        // 3. Fill in with the debug descriptor layout at the max binding slot
        cpl_state->new_layouts.reserve(adjusted_max_desc_sets);
        cpl_state->new_layouts.insert(cpl_state->new_layouts.end(), &pCreateInfo->pSetLayouts[0],
                                      &pCreateInfo->pSetLayouts[pCreateInfo->setLayoutCount]);
        for (uint32_t i = pCreateInfo->setLayoutCount; i < adjusted_max_desc_sets - 1; ++i) {
            cpl_state->new_layouts.push_back(dummy_desc_layout);
        }
        cpl_state->new_layouts.push_back(debug_desc_layout);
        cpl_state->modified_create_info.pSetLayouts = cpl_state->new_layouts.data();
        cpl_state->modified_create_info.setLayoutCount = adjusted_max_desc_sets;
    }
    ValidationStateTracker::PreCallRecordCreatePipelineLayout(device, pCreateInfo, pAllocator, pPipelineLayout, cpl_state_data);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordCreatePipelineLayout(VkDevice device, const VkPipelineLayoutCreateInfo *pCreateInfo,
                                                         const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipelineLayout *pPipelineLayout,
                                                         VkResult result) {
    if (result != VK_SUCCESS) {
        ReportSetupProblem(device, "Unable to create pipeline layout.  Device could become unstable.");
        aborted = true;
    }
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordCreatePipelineLayout(device, pCreateInfo, pAllocator, pPipelineLayout, result);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreateGraphicsPipelines(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                           const VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                           const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                           void *cgpl_state_data) {
    if (aborted) return;
    std::vector<safe_VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo> new_pipeline_create_infos;
    create_graphics_pipeline_api_state *cgpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_graphics_pipeline_api_state *>(cgpl_state_data);
    PreCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, cgpl_state->pipe_state, &new_pipeline_create_infos,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS);
    cgpl_state->printf_create_infos = new_pipeline_create_infos;
    cgpl_state->pCreateInfos = reinterpret_cast<VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo *>(cgpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreateComputePipelines(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                          const VkComputePipelineCreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                          const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                          void *ccpl_state_data) {
    if (aborted) return;
    std::vector<safe_VkComputePipelineCreateInfo> new_pipeline_create_infos;
    auto *ccpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_compute_pipeline_api_state *>(ccpl_state_data);
    PreCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, ccpl_state->pipe_state, &new_pipeline_create_infos,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE);
    ccpl_state->printf_create_infos = new_pipeline_create_infos;
    ccpl_state->pCreateInfos = reinterpret_cast<VkComputePipelineCreateInfo *>(ccpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesNV(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                               const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV *pCreateInfos,
                                                               const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                               void *crtpl_state_data) {
    if (aborted) return;
    std::vector<safe_VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoCommon> new_pipeline_create_infos;
    auto *crtpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_ray_tracing_pipeline_api_state *>(crtpl_state_data);
    PreCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, crtpl_state->pipe_state, &new_pipeline_create_infos,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV);
    crtpl_state->printf_create_infos = new_pipeline_create_infos;
    crtpl_state->pCreateInfos = reinterpret_cast<VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV *>(crtpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesKHR(VkDevice device, VkDeferredOperationKHR deferredOperation,
                                                                VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                                const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR *pCreateInfos,
                                                                const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                                void *crtpl_state_data) {
    if (aborted) return;
    std::vector<safe_VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoCommon> new_pipeline_create_infos;
    auto *crtpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_ray_tracing_pipeline_khr_api_state *>(crtpl_state_data);
    PreCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, crtpl_state->pipe_state, &new_pipeline_create_infos,
                                   VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_KHR);
    crtpl_state->printf_create_infos = new_pipeline_create_infos;
    crtpl_state->pCreateInfos = reinterpret_cast<VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR *>(crtpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
}

template <typename CreateInfos, typename SafeCreateInfos>
static void UtilCopyCreatePipelineFeedbackData(const uint32_t count, CreateInfos *pCreateInfos, SafeCreateInfos *pSafeCreateInfos) {
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        auto src_feedback_struct = LvlFindInChain<VkPipelineCreationFeedbackCreateInfoEXT>(pSafeCreateInfos[i].pNext);
        if (!src_feedback_struct) return;
        auto dst_feedback_struct = const_cast<VkPipelineCreationFeedbackCreateInfoEXT *>(
            LvlFindInChain<VkPipelineCreationFeedbackCreateInfoEXT>(pCreateInfos[i].pNext));
        *dst_feedback_struct->pPipelineCreationFeedback = *src_feedback_struct->pPipelineCreationFeedback;
        for (uint32_t j = 0; j < src_feedback_struct->pipelineStageCreationFeedbackCount; j++) {
            dst_feedback_struct->pPipelineStageCreationFeedbacks[j] = src_feedback_struct->pPipelineStageCreationFeedbacks[j];
        }
    }
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordCreateGraphicsPipelines(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                            const VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                            const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                            VkResult result, void *cgpl_state_data) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordCreateGraphicsPipelines(device, pipelineCache, count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator,
                                                                  pPipelines, result, cgpl_state_data);
    if (aborted) return;
    create_graphics_pipeline_api_state *cgpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_graphics_pipeline_api_state *>(cgpl_state_data);
    UtilCopyCreatePipelineFeedbackData(count, pCreateInfos, cgpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
    PostCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordCreateComputePipelines(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                           const VkComputePipelineCreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                           const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                           VkResult result, void *ccpl_state_data) {
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordCreateComputePipelines(device, pipelineCache, count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines,
                                                                 result, ccpl_state_data);
    if (aborted) return;
    create_compute_pipeline_api_state *ccpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_compute_pipeline_api_state *>(ccpl_state_data);
    UtilCopyCreatePipelineFeedbackData(count, pCreateInfos, ccpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
    PostCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesNV(VkDevice device, VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                                const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV *pCreateInfos,
                                                                const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                                VkResult result, void *crtpl_state_data) {
    auto *crtpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_ray_tracing_pipeline_khr_api_state *>(crtpl_state_data);
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesNV(device, pipelineCache, count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator,
                                                                      pPipelines, result, crtpl_state_data);
    if (aborted) return;
    UtilCopyCreatePipelineFeedbackData(count, pCreateInfos, crtpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
    PostCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV);
}

void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesKHR(VkDevice device, VkDeferredOperationKHR deferredOperation,
                                                                 VkPipelineCache pipelineCache, uint32_t count,
                                                                 const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR *pCreateInfos,
                                                                 const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                                 VkResult result, void *crtpl_state_data) {
    auto *crtpl_state = reinterpret_cast<create_ray_tracing_pipeline_khr_api_state *>(crtpl_state_data);
    ValidationStateTracker::PostCallRecordCreateRayTracingPipelinesKHR(
        device, deferredOperation, pipelineCache, count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, result, crtpl_state_data);
    if (aborted) return;
    UtilCopyCreatePipelineFeedbackData(count, pCreateInfos, crtpl_state->printf_create_infos.data());
    PostCallRecordPipelineCreations(count, pCreateInfos, pAllocator, pPipelines, VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_KHR);
}

// Remove all the shader trackers associated with this destroyed pipeline.
void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordDestroyPipeline(VkDevice device, VkPipeline pipeline, const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator) {
    for (auto it = shader_map.begin(); it != shader_map.end();) {
        if (it->second.pipeline == pipeline) {
            it = shader_map.erase(it);
        } else {
            ++it;
        }
    }
    ValidationStateTracker::PreCallRecordDestroyPipeline(device, pipeline, pAllocator);
}

template <typename CreateInfo>
struct CreatePipelineTraits {};
template <>
struct CreatePipelineTraits<VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo> {
    using SafeType = safe_VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo;
    static const SafeType &GetPipelineCI(const PIPELINE_STATE *pipeline_state) {
        return pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().graphics;
    }
    static uint32_t GetStageCount(const VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo &createInfo) { return createInfo.stageCount; }
    static VkShaderModule GetShaderModule(const VkGraphicsPipelineCreateInfo &createInfo, uint32_t stage) {
        return createInfo.pStages[stage].module;
    }
    static void SetShaderModule(SafeType *createInfo, VkShaderModule shader_module, uint32_t stage) {
        createInfo->pStages[stage].module = shader_module;
    }
};

template <>
struct CreatePipelineTraits<VkComputePipelineCreateInfo> {
    using SafeType = safe_VkComputePipelineCreateInfo;
    static const SafeType &GetPipelineCI(const PIPELINE_STATE *pipeline_state) {
        return pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().compute;
    }
    static uint32_t GetStageCount(const VkComputePipelineCreateInfo &createInfo) { return 1; }
    static VkShaderModule GetShaderModule(const VkComputePipelineCreateInfo &createInfo, uint32_t stage) {
        return createInfo.stage.module;
    }
    static void SetShaderModule(SafeType *createInfo, VkShaderModule shader_module, uint32_t stage) {
        assert(stage == 0);
        createInfo->stage.module = shader_module;
    }
};

template <>
struct CreatePipelineTraits<VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV> {
    using SafeType = safe_VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoCommon;
    static const SafeType &GetPipelineCI(const PIPELINE_STATE *pipeline_state) {
        return pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().raytracing;
    }
    static uint32_t GetStageCount(const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV &createInfo) { return createInfo.stageCount; }
    static VkShaderModule GetShaderModule(const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoNV &createInfo, uint32_t stage) {
        return createInfo.pStages[stage].module;
    }
    static void SetShaderModule(SafeType *createInfo, VkShaderModule shader_module, uint32_t stage) {
        createInfo->pStages[stage].module = shader_module;
    }
};

template <>
struct CreatePipelineTraits<VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR> {
    using SafeType = safe_VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoCommon;
    static const SafeType &GetPipelineCI(const PIPELINE_STATE *pipeline_state) {
        return pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().raytracing;
    }
    static uint32_t GetStageCount(const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR &createInfo) { return createInfo.stageCount; }
    static VkShaderModule GetShaderModule(const VkRayTracingPipelineCreateInfoKHR &createInfo, uint32_t stage) {
        return createInfo.pStages[stage].module;
    }
    static void SetShaderModule(SafeType *createInfo, VkShaderModule shader_module, uint32_t stage) {
        createInfo->pStages[stage].module = shader_module;
    }
};

// Examine the pipelines to see if they use the debug descriptor set binding index.
// If any do, create new non-instrumented shader modules and use them to replace the instrumented
// shaders in the pipeline.  Return the (possibly) modified create infos to the caller.
template <typename CreateInfo, typename SafeCreateInfo>
void GpuAssistedBase::PreCallRecordPipelineCreations(uint32_t count, const CreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                     const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<PIPELINE_STATE>> &pipe_state,
                                                     std::vector<SafeCreateInfo> *new_pipeline_create_infos,
                                                     const VkPipelineBindPoint bind_point) {
    using Accessor = CreatePipelineTraits<CreateInfo>;
    if (bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS && bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE &&
        bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV) {
        return;
    }

    // Walk through all the pipelines, make a copy of each and flag each pipeline that contains a shader that uses the debug
    // descriptor set index.
    for (uint32_t pipeline = 0; pipeline < count; ++pipeline) {
        uint32_t stageCount = Accessor::GetStageCount(pCreateInfos[pipeline]);
        new_pipeline_create_infos->push_back(Accessor::GetPipelineCI(pipe_state[pipeline].get()));
        const auto &pipe = pipe_state[pipeline];

        if (!pipe->IsGraphicsLibrary()) {
            bool replace_shaders = false;
            if (pipe->active_slots.find(desc_set_bind_index) != pipe->active_slots.end()) {
                replace_shaders = true;
            }
            // If the app requests all available sets, the pipeline layout was not modified at pipeline layout creation and the
            // already instrumented shaders need to be replaced with uninstrumented shaders
            const auto pipeline_layout = pipe->PipelineLayoutState();
            if (pipeline_layout->set_layouts.size() >= adjusted_max_desc_sets) {
                replace_shaders = true;
            }

            if (replace_shaders) {
                for (uint32_t stage = 0; stage < stageCount; ++stage) {
                    const auto module_state = Get<SHADER_MODULE_STATE>(Accessor::GetShaderModule(pCreateInfos[pipeline], stage));

                    VkShaderModule shader_module;
                    auto create_info = LvlInitStruct<VkShaderModuleCreateInfo>();
                    create_info.pCode = module_state->words.data();
                    create_info.codeSize = module_state->words.size() * sizeof(uint32_t);
                    VkResult result = DispatchCreateShaderModule(device, &create_info, pAllocator, &shader_module);
                    if (result == VK_SUCCESS) {
                        Accessor::SetShaderModule(&(*new_pipeline_create_infos)[pipeline], shader_module, stage);
                    } else {
                        ReportSetupProblem(device,
                                           "Unable to replace instrumented shader with non-instrumented one.  "
                                           "Device could become unstable.");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
// For every pipeline:
// - For every shader in a pipeline:
//   - If the shader had to be replaced in PreCallRecord (because the pipeline is using the debug desc set index):
//     - Destroy it since it has been bound into the pipeline by now.  This is our only chance to delete it.
//   - Track the shader in the shader_map
//   - Save the shader binary if it contains debug code
template <typename CreateInfo>
void GpuAssistedBase::PostCallRecordPipelineCreations(const uint32_t count, const CreateInfo *pCreateInfos,
                                                      const VkAllocationCallbacks *pAllocator, VkPipeline *pPipelines,
                                                      const VkPipelineBindPoint bind_point) {
    using Accessor = CreatePipelineTraits<CreateInfo>;
    if (bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS && bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE &&
        bind_point != VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV) {
        return;
    }
    for (uint32_t pipeline = 0; pipeline < count; ++pipeline) {
        auto pipeline_state = Get<PIPELINE_STATE>(pPipelines[pipeline]);
        if (!pipeline_state || pipeline_state->IsGraphicsLibrary()) continue;

        const uint32_t stageCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(pipeline_state->stage_state.size());
        assert(stageCount > 0);

        for (uint32_t stage = 0; stage < stageCount; ++stage) {
            if (pipeline_state->active_slots.find(desc_set_bind_index) != pipeline_state->active_slots.end()) {
                DispatchDestroyShaderModule(device, Accessor::GetShaderModule(pCreateInfos[pipeline], stage), pAllocator);
            }

            std::shared_ptr<const SHADER_MODULE_STATE> module_state;
            if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS) {
                module_state = Get<SHADER_MODULE_STATE>(pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().graphics.pStages[stage].module);
            } else if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE) {
                assert(stage == 0);
                module_state = Get<SHADER_MODULE_STATE>(pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().compute.stage.module);
            } else if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV) {
                module_state = Get<SHADER_MODULE_STATE>(pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().raytracing.pStages[stage].module);
            } else {
                assert(false);
            }

            std::vector<unsigned int> code;
            // Save the shader binary
            // The core_validation ShaderModule tracker saves the binary too, but discards it when the ShaderModule
            // is destroyed.  Applications may destroy ShaderModules after they are placed in a pipeline and before
            // the pipeline is used, so we have to keep another copy.
            if (module_state && module_state->has_valid_spirv) code = module_state->words;

            // Be careful to use the originally bound (instrumented) shader here, even if PreCallRecord had to back it
            // out with a non-instrumented shader.  The non-instrumented shader (found in pCreateInfo) was destroyed above.
            VkShaderModule shader_module = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
            if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS) {
                shader_module = pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().graphics.pStages[stage].module;
            } else if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE) {
                assert(stage == 0);
                shader_module = pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().compute.stage.module;
            } else if (bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV) {
                shader_module = pipeline_state->GetUnifiedCreateInfo().raytracing.pStages[stage].module;
            } else {
                assert(false);
            }
            shader_map.emplace(module_state->gpu_validation_shader_id, GpuAssistedShaderTracker{pipeline_state->pipeline(), shader_module,
                                std::move(code)});
        }
    }
}

// Generate the stage-specific part of the message.
void UtilGenerateStageMessage(const uint32_t *debug_record, std::string &msg) {
    using namespace spvtools;
    std::ostringstream strm;
    switch (debug_record[kInstCommonOutStageIdx]) {
        case spv::ExecutionModelVertex: {
            strm << "Stage = Vertex. Vertex Index = " << debug_record[kInstVertOutVertexIndex]
                 << " Instance Index = " << debug_record[kInstVertOutInstanceIndex] << ". ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelTessellationControl: {
            strm << "Stage = Tessellation Control.  Invocation ID = " << debug_record[kInstTessCtlOutInvocationId]
                 << ", Primitive ID = " << debug_record[kInstTessCtlOutPrimitiveId];
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelTessellationEvaluation: {
            strm << "Stage = Tessellation Eval.  Primitive ID = " << debug_record[kInstTessEvalOutPrimitiveId]
                 << ", TessCoord (u, v) = (" << debug_record[kInstTessEvalOutTessCoordU] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstTessEvalOutTessCoordV] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelGeometry: {
            strm << "Stage = Geometry.  Primitive ID = " << debug_record[kInstGeomOutPrimitiveId]
                 << " Invocation ID = " << debug_record[kInstGeomOutInvocationId] << ". ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelFragment: {
            strm << "Stage = Fragment.  Fragment coord (x,y) = ("
                 << *reinterpret_cast<const float *>(&debug_record[kInstFragOutFragCoordX]) << ", "
                 << *reinterpret_cast<const float *>(&debug_record[kInstFragOutFragCoordY]) << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelGLCompute: {
            strm << "Stage = Compute.  Global invocation ID (x, y, z) = (" << debug_record[kInstCompOutGlobalInvocationIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstCompOutGlobalInvocationIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstCompOutGlobalInvocationIdZ] << " )";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelRayGenerationNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Ray Generation.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelIntersectionNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Intersection.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelAnyHitNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Any Hit.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelClosestHitNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Closest Hit.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelMissNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Miss.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelCallableNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Callable.  Global Launch ID (x,y,z) = (" << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstRayTracingOutLaunchIdZ] << "). ";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelTaskNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Task. Global invocation ID (x, y, z) = (" << debug_record[kInstTaskOutGlobalInvocationIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstTaskOutGlobalInvocationIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstTaskOutGlobalInvocationIdZ] << " )";
        } break;
        case spv::ExecutionModelMeshNV: {
            strm << "Stage = Mesh.Global invocation ID (x, y, z) = (" << debug_record[kInstMeshOutGlobalInvocationIdX] << ", "
                 << debug_record[kInstMeshOutGlobalInvocationIdY] << ", " << debug_record[kInstMeshOutGlobalInvocationIdZ] << " )";
        } break;
        default: {
            strm << "Internal Error (unexpected stage = " << debug_record[kInstCommonOutStageIdx] << "). ";
            assert(false);
        } break;
    }
    msg = strm.str();
}

std::string LookupDebugUtilsName(const debug_report_data *report_data, const uint64_t object) {
    auto object_label = report_data->DebugReportGetUtilsObjectName(object);
    if (object_label != "") {
        object_label = "(" + object_label + ")";
    }
    return object_label;
}

// Generate message from the common portion of the debug report record.
void UtilGenerateCommonMessage(const debug_report_data *report_data, const VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
                               const uint32_t *debug_record, const VkShaderModule shader_module_handle,
                               const VkPipeline pipeline_handle, const VkPipelineBindPoint pipeline_bind_point,
                               const uint32_t operation_index, std::string &msg) {
    using namespace spvtools;
    std::ostringstream strm;
    if (shader_module_handle == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
        strm << std::hex << std::showbase << "Internal Error: Unable to locate information for shader used in command buffer "
             << LookupDebugUtilsName(report_data, HandleToUint64(commandBuffer)) << "(" << HandleToUint64(commandBuffer) << "). ";
        assert(true);
    } else {
        strm << std::hex << std::showbase << "Command buffer " << LookupDebugUtilsName(report_data, HandleToUint64(commandBuffer))
             << "(" << HandleToUint64(commandBuffer) << "). ";
        if (pipeline_bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS) {
            strm << "Draw ";
        } else if (pipeline_bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_COMPUTE) {
            strm << "Compute ";
        } else if (pipeline_bind_point == VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_RAY_TRACING_NV) {
            strm << "Ray Trace ";
        } else {
            assert(false);
            strm << "Unknown Pipeline Operation ";
        }
        strm << "Index " << operation_index << ". "
             << "Pipeline " << LookupDebugUtilsName(report_data, HandleToUint64(pipeline_handle)) << "("
             << HandleToUint64(pipeline_handle) << "). "
             << "Shader Module " << LookupDebugUtilsName(report_data, HandleToUint64(shader_module_handle)) << "("
             << HandleToUint64(shader_module_handle) << "). ";
    }
    strm << std::dec << std::noshowbase;
    strm << "Shader Instruction Index = " << debug_record[kInstCommonOutInstructionIdx] << ". ";
    msg = strm.str();
}

// Read the contents of the SPIR-V OpSource instruction and any following continuation instructions.
// Split the single string into a vector of strings, one for each line, for easier processing.
void ReadOpSource(const SHADER_MODULE_STATE &module_state, const uint32_t reported_file_id,
                  std::vector<std::string> &opsource_lines) {
    for (auto insn : module_state) {
        if ((insn.opcode() == spv::OpSource) && (insn.len() >= 5) && (insn.word(3) == reported_file_id)) {
            std::istringstream in_stream;
            std::string cur_line;
            in_stream.str((char *)&insn.word(4));
            while (std::getline(in_stream, cur_line)) {
                opsource_lines.push_back(cur_line);
            }
            while ((++insn).opcode() == spv::OpSourceContinued) {
                in_stream.str((char *)&insn.word(1));
                while (std::getline(in_stream, cur_line)) {
                    opsource_lines.push_back(cur_line);
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

// The task here is to search the OpSource content to find the #line directive with the
// line number that is closest to, but still prior to the reported error line number and
// still within the reported filename.
// From this known position in the OpSource content we can add the difference between
// the #line line number and the reported error line number to determine the location
// in the OpSource content of the reported error line.
//
// Considerations:
// - Look only at #line directives that specify the reported_filename since
//   the reported error line number refers to its location in the reported filename.
// - If a #line directive does not have a filename, the file is the reported filename, or
//   the filename found in a prior #line directive.  (This is C-preprocessor behavior)
// - It is possible (e.g., inlining) for blocks of code to get shuffled out of their
//   original order and the #line directives are used to keep the numbering correct.  This
//   is why we need to examine the entire contents of the source, instead of leaving early
//   when finding a #line line number larger than the reported error line number.
//

// GCC 4.8 has a problem with std::regex that is fixed in GCC 4.9.  Provide fallback code for 4.8
#define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)

#if defined(__GNUC__) && GCC_VERSION < 40900
bool GetLineAndFilename(const std::string string, uint32_t *linenumber, std::string &filename) {
    // # line <linenumber> "<filename>" or
    // #line <linenumber> "<filename>"
    std::vector<std::string> tokens;
    std::stringstream stream(string);
    std::string temp;
    uint32_t line_index = 0;

    while (stream >> temp) tokens.push_back(temp);
    auto size = tokens.size();
    if (size > 1) {
        if (tokens[0] == "#" && tokens[1] == "line") {
            line_index = 2;
        } else if (tokens[0] == "#line") {
            line_index = 1;
        }
    }
    if (0 == line_index) return false;
    *linenumber = static_cast<uint32_t>(std::stoul(tokens[line_index]));
    uint32_t filename_index = line_index + 1;
    // Remove enclosing double quotes around filename
    if (size > filename_index) filename = tokens[filename_index].substr(1, tokens[filename_index].size() - 2);
    return true;
}
#else
bool GetLineAndFilename(const std::string string, uint32_t *linenumber, std::string &filename) {
    static const std::regex line_regex(  // matches #line directives
        "^"                              // beginning of line
        "\\s*"                           // optional whitespace
        "#"                              // required text
        "\\s*"                           // optional whitespace
        "line"                           // required text
        "\\s+"                           // required whitespace
        "([0-9]+)"                       // required first capture - line number
        "(\\s+)?"                        // optional second capture - whitespace
        "(\".+\")?"                      // optional third capture - quoted filename with at least one char inside
        ".*");                           // rest of line (needed when using std::regex_match since the entire line is tested)

    std::smatch captures;

    bool found_line = std::regex_match(string, captures, line_regex);
    if (!found_line) return false;

    // filename is optional and considered found only if the whitespace and the filename are captured
    if (captures[2].matched && captures[3].matched) {
        // Remove enclosing double quotes.  The regex guarantees the quotes and at least one char.
        filename = captures[3].str().substr(1, captures[3].str().size() - 2);
    }
    *linenumber = (uint32_t)std::stoul(captures[1]);
    return true;
}
#endif  // GCC_VERSION

// Extract the filename, line number, and column number from the correct OpLine and build a message string from it.
// Scan the source (from OpSource) to find the line of source at the reported line number and place it in another message string.
void UtilGenerateSourceMessages(const std::vector<uint32_t> &pgm, const uint32_t *debug_record, bool from_printf,
                                std::string &filename_msg, std::string &source_msg) {
    using namespace spvtools;
    std::ostringstream filename_stream;
    std::ostringstream source_stream;
    SHADER_MODULE_STATE shader(pgm);
    // Find the OpLine just before the failing instruction indicated by the debug info.
    // SPIR-V can only be iterated in the forward direction due to its opcode/length encoding.
    uint32_t instruction_index = 0;
    uint32_t reported_file_id = 0;
    uint32_t reported_line_number = 0;
    uint32_t reported_column_number = 0;
    if (shader.words.size() > 0) {
        for (const auto &insn : shader) {
            if (insn.opcode() == spv::OpLine) {
                reported_file_id = insn.word(1);
                reported_line_number = insn.word(2);
                reported_column_number = insn.word(3);
            }
            if (instruction_index == debug_record[kInstCommonOutInstructionIdx]) {
                break;
            }
            instruction_index++;
        }
    }
    // Create message with file information obtained from the OpString pointed to by the discovered OpLine.
    std::string reported_filename;
    if (reported_file_id == 0) {
        filename_stream
            << "Unable to find SPIR-V OpLine for source information.  Build shader with debug info to get source information.";
    } else {
        bool found_opstring = false;
        std::string prefix;
        if (from_printf) {
            prefix = "Debug shader printf message generated ";
        } else {
            prefix = "Shader validation error occurred ";
        }
        for (const auto &insn : shader) {
            if ((insn.opcode() == spv::OpString) && (insn.len() >= 3) && (insn.word(1) == reported_file_id)) {
                found_opstring = true;
                reported_filename = (char *)&insn.word(2);
                if (reported_filename.empty()) {
                    filename_stream << prefix << "at line " << reported_line_number;
                } else {
                    filename_stream << prefix << "in file " << reported_filename << " at line " << reported_line_number;
                }
                if (reported_column_number > 0) {
                    filename_stream << ", column " << reported_column_number;
                }
                filename_stream << ".";
                break;
            }
        }
        if (!found_opstring) {
            filename_stream << "Unable to find SPIR-V OpString for file id " << reported_file_id << " from OpLine instruction."
                            << std::endl;
            filename_stream << "File ID = " << reported_file_id << ", Line Number = " << reported_line_number
                            << ", Column = " << reported_column_number << std::endl;
        }
    }
    filename_msg = filename_stream.str();

    // Create message to display source code line containing error.
    if ((reported_file_id != 0)) {
        // Read the source code and split it up into separate lines.
        std::vector<std::string> opsource_lines;
        ReadOpSource(shader, reported_file_id, opsource_lines);
        // Find the line in the OpSource content that corresponds to the reported error file and line.
        if (!opsource_lines.empty()) {
            uint32_t saved_line_number = 0;
            std::string current_filename = reported_filename;  // current "preprocessor" filename state.
            std::vector<std::string>::size_type saved_opsource_offset = 0;
            bool found_best_line = false;
            for (auto it = opsource_lines.begin(); it != opsource_lines.end(); ++it) {
                uint32_t parsed_line_number;
                std::string parsed_filename;
                bool found_line = GetLineAndFilename(*it, &parsed_line_number, parsed_filename);
                if (!found_line) continue;

                bool found_filename = parsed_filename.size() > 0;
                if (found_filename) {
                    current_filename = parsed_filename;
                }
                if ((!found_filename) || (current_filename == reported_filename)) {
                    // Update the candidate best line directive, if the current one is prior and closer to the reported line
                    if (reported_line_number >= parsed_line_number) {
                        if (!found_best_line ||
                            (reported_line_number - parsed_line_number <= reported_line_number - saved_line_number)) {
                            saved_line_number = parsed_line_number;
                            saved_opsource_offset = std::distance(opsource_lines.begin(), it);
                            found_best_line = true;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            if (found_best_line) {
                assert(reported_line_number >= saved_line_number);
                std::vector<std::string>::size_type opsource_index =
                    (reported_line_number - saved_line_number) + 1 + saved_opsource_offset;
                if (opsource_index < opsource_lines.size()) {
                    source_stream << "\n" << reported_line_number << ": " << opsource_lines[opsource_index].c_str();
                } else {
                    source_stream << "Internal error: calculated source line of " << opsource_index << " for source size of "
                                  << opsource_lines.size() << " lines.";
                }
            } else {
                source_stream << "Unable to find suitable #line directive in SPIR-V OpSource.";
            }
        } else {
            source_stream << "Unable to find SPIR-V OpSource.";
        }
    }
    source_msg = source_stream.str();
}