tmpfiles: add --root option to operate on an alternate fs tree

This makes it possible to initialize or cleanup an arbitrary filesystem
hierarchy in the same way that it would be during system boot.
diff --git a/src/tmpfiles/tmpfiles.c b/src/tmpfiles/tmpfiles.c
index 3684289..52f8037 100644
--- a/src/tmpfiles/tmpfiles.c
+++ b/src/tmpfiles/tmpfiles.c
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@
 
 static char **include_prefixes = NULL;
 static char **exclude_prefixes = NULL;
+static char *arg_root = NULL;
 
 static const char conf_file_dirs[] =
         "/etc/tmpfiles.d\0"
@@ -1188,6 +1189,15 @@
         if (!should_include_path(i->path))
                 return 0;
 
+        if (arg_root) {
+                char *p = strappend(arg_root, i->path);
+                if (!p)
+                        return log_oom();
+
+                free(i->path);
+                i->path = p;
+        }
+
         if (user && !streq(user, "-")) {
                 const char *u = user;
 
@@ -1277,7 +1287,8 @@
                "     --remove               Remove marked files/directories\n"
                "     --boot                 Execute actions only safe at boot\n"
                "     --prefix=PATH          Only apply rules that apply to paths with the specified prefix\n"
-               "     --exclude-prefix=PATH  Ignore rules that apply to paths with the specified prefix\n",
+               "     --exclude-prefix=PATH  Ignore rules that apply to paths with the specified prefix\n"
+               "     --root=PATH            Operate on an alternate filesystem root\n",
                program_invocation_short_name);
 
         return 0;
@@ -1293,6 +1304,7 @@
                 ARG_BOOT,
                 ARG_PREFIX,
                 ARG_EXCLUDE_PREFIX,
+                ARG_ROOT,
         };
 
         static const struct option options[] = {
@@ -1304,6 +1316,7 @@
                 { "boot",           no_argument,         NULL, ARG_BOOT           },
                 { "prefix",         required_argument,   NULL, ARG_PREFIX         },
                 { "exclude-prefix", required_argument,   NULL, ARG_EXCLUDE_PREFIX },
+                { "root",           required_argument,   NULL, ARG_ROOT           },
                 {}
         };
 
@@ -1350,6 +1363,13 @@
                                 return log_oom();
                         break;
 
+                case ARG_ROOT:
+                        arg_root = path_make_absolute_cwd(optarg);
+                        if (!arg_root)
+                                return log_oom();
+                        path_kill_slashes(arg_root);
+                        break;
+
                 case '?':
                         return -EINVAL;
 
@@ -1376,7 +1396,7 @@
 
         assert(fn);
 
-        r = search_and_fopen_nulstr(fn, "re", NULL, conf_file_dirs, &f);
+        r = search_and_fopen_nulstr(fn, "re", arg_root, conf_file_dirs, &f);
         if (r < 0) {
                 if (ignore_enoent && r == -ENOENT)
                         return 0;
@@ -1477,7 +1497,7 @@
                 _cleanup_strv_free_ char **files = NULL;
                 char **f;
 
-                r = conf_files_list_nulstr(&files, ".conf", NULL, conf_file_dirs);
+                r = conf_files_list_nulstr(&files, ".conf", arg_root, conf_file_dirs);
                 if (r < 0) {
                         log_error("Failed to enumerate tmpfiles.d files: %s", strerror(-r));
                         goto finish;
@@ -1508,6 +1528,7 @@
 
         free(include_prefixes);
         free(exclude_prefixes);
+        free(arg_root);
 
         set_free_free(unix_sockets);