Ensure that the Expr objects that describe indexed expressions are not modified
by code generation.  Fix for an assert() problem found by Jon Metzman using AFL.

FossilOrigin-Name: 34073ce87d88a02313217023ae92e15939192cd9
diff --git a/src/expr.c b/src/expr.c
index 8f6377e..5c67de1 100644
--- a/src/expr.c
+++ b/src/expr.c
@@ -2468,7 +2468,7 @@
     assert( pIdx->aColExpr );
     assert( pIdx->aColExpr->nExpr>iIdxCol );
     pParse->iSelfTab = iTabCur;
-    sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pIdx->aColExpr->a[iIdxCol].pExpr, regOut);
+    sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(pParse, pIdx->aColExpr->a[iIdxCol].pExpr, regOut);
   }else{
     sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumnOfTable(pParse->pVdbe, pIdx->pTable, iTabCur,
                                     iTabCol, regOut);
@@ -3321,7 +3321,7 @@
     sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_Copy, pExpr->iTable, target);
   }else{
     inReg = sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(pParse, pExpr, target);
-    assert( pParse->pVdbe || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
+    assert( pParse->pVdbe!=0 || pParse->db->mallocFailed );
     if( inReg!=target && pParse->pVdbe ){
       sqlite3VdbeAddOp2(pParse->pVdbe, OP_SCopy, inReg, target);
     }
@@ -3329,6 +3329,18 @@
 }
 
 /*
+** Make a transient copy of expression pExpr and then code it using
+** sqlite3ExprCode().  This routine works just like sqlite3ExprCode()
+** except that the input expression is guaranteed to be unchanged.
+*/
+void sqlite3ExprCodeCopy(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, int target){
+  sqlite3 *db = pParse->db;
+  pExpr = sqlite3ExprDup(db, pExpr, 0);
+  if( !db->mallocFailed ) sqlite3ExprCode(pParse, pExpr, target);
+  sqlite3ExprDelete(db, pExpr);
+}
+
+/*
 ** Generate code that will evaluate expression pExpr and store the
 ** results in register target.  The results are guaranteed to appear
 ** in register target.  If the expression is constant, then this routine